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3.1 Sajha-Yatayat-Biniyam-2061
3.1 Sajha-Yatayat-Biniyam-2061
-;f‰f oftfoft ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= sf] ;DaGwdf Joj:yf ug{ ag]sf] ljlgod_
k|:tfjgf
;xsf/L l;4fGt cg';f/ cfˆgf z]o/ ;b:ox¿sf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs ljsf; ug{ / ;8s ofq'a; ;]jf
;~rfng u/L cfd ofq' ju{nfO{ ;:tf], ;'ne / e/kbf]{ oftfoft ;]jf g]kfn clw/fHoe/ / g]kfn
clw/fHo aflx/ cGt/f{li6«o If]qdf ;d]t ;~rfng ug{ jf~5gLo ePsf]n] ;xsf/L P]g @)$* sf]
bkmf !@ n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L o; ;f‰f oftfoft ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= sf] ldlt
@)^!÷)&÷@@ df a;]sf] ;fwf/0f ;efn] kfl/t u/L /lh:6«f/sf] :jLs[ltaf6 ;f‰f oftfoft ljlgod
@)^! agfO nfu' u/]sf] 5 .
kl/R5]b—!
k|f/lDes
!= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/De
!= o; ljlgodsf] gfd …;f‰f oftfoftsf] ljlgod, @)^!Ú /x]sf] 5 .
@= of] ljlgod /lh:6«f/åf/f :jLs[t ePkl5 t'?Gt k|f/De x'g]5 .
@= gfd / 7]ufgf
!= o; ;+:yfsf] gfd …;f‰f oftfoft ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=Ú /x]sf] 5 / 5f]6s/Ldf o;nfO{
…;f‰f oftfoftÚ elgg] 5 .
@= of] ;+:yfsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no k'Nrf]s, nlntk'/, g]kfndf /xg] 5 . tf]lsPsf] 7]ufgfdf
s'g} sf/0fjz kl/jt{g x'g uPdf ;f]sf] hfgsf/L & lbgleq ;xsf/L ljefusf]
/lhi6«f/nfO{ lbOg] 5 .
#= sfo{If]q
o; ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]q g]kfn clw/fHoe/ x'g]5 . ;fy} b]zsf] k|rlnt P]g, lgodsf] kl/lwleq
/xL ;+:yfsf] ;]jf lj:tf/sf nflu /lh:6«f/sf] :jLs[lt lnO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ g]kfn aflx/
klg zfvf vf]nL ;]jf lj:tf/ ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
$= kl/efiff
ljifo jf k|;ª\un] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; ljlgoddf—
-s_ …;+:yfÚ eGgfn] ;f‰f oftfoft ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ;D‰g' kb{5 .
-v_ …P]gÚ eGgfn] ;xsf/L P]g, @)&$ ;Demg'kb{5 .#
-u_ …lgodfjnLÚ eGgfn] ;xsf/L lgodfjnL, @)&% ;Demg'kg]{5 . #
-3_ …ljlgodÚ eGgfn] o; ;f‰f oftfoft ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= sf] ljlgod, @)^! ;Demg'
kb{5 .
-ª_ …;fwf/0f ;efÚ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef / ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef ;d]t
;Demg' kb{5 .
# !#cf}+ ;fwf/0f ;ef4f/f kfl/t eO{ ldlt @)&&÷!!÷!* df /lhi6«f/af6 l:js[t
1
-r_ …;ldltÚ eGgfn] o; ljlgodadf]lhd u7g ePsf] ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldlt ;Demg' kb{5 .
-5_ …cWoIfÚ eGgfn] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] cWoIfnfO{ hgfpFb5 .
-h_ …;~rfnsÚ eGgfn] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] ;b:onfO{ hgfpFb5 .
-em_ …pk;ldltÚ eGgfn] ;+:yfåf/f o; ljlgodadf]lhd s'g} lglZrt sfo{ tyf cjlw tf]sL
u7g u/]sf] pk;ldltnfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
-`_ …;b:oÚ eGgfn] o; ljlgod adf]lhd ;+:yfsf] z]o/ vl/b u/L ;b:otf k|fKt ug]{
JolQm, ;+:yf jf lgsfonfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
-6_ …z]o/Ú eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] z]o/ k'FhLsf] ljeflht c+znfO{ hgfpFb5 .
-7_ …z]o/ k|df0fkqÚ eGgfn] z]o/ lsGg] JolQm, ;+:yf jf lgsfonfO{ ;+:yfaf6 lbOPsf]
lg:;fnfO{ ;Demg'kb{5 .
-8_ …/lh:6«f/Ú eGgfn] ;xsf/L ljefusf] /lh:6«f/nfO{ hgfpFb5 .
-9_ …k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tÚ eGgfn] ;f‰f oftfoftsf] ljlgod adf]lhd sfo{/t k|d'v
sfo{sf/L clws[t jf ;~rfns ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] kbflwsf/L ;Demg' kb{5 .
0f_ dGqfno eGGffn] ;xsf/L ;DaGwL laifo x]g{] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] dGqfno ;Demg' kb{5 . #
-t_ ;DalGwt dGqfno eGgfn] oftfoft ;DaGwL laifo x]g{] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] dGqfno
;Demg'kb{5 . #
kl/R5]b— @
%= p2]Zo
o; ;+:yfsf] p2]Zox¿ lgDg cg';f/ x'g] 5g\—
-s_ ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfnfO{ ;/n / e/kbf]{ oftfoft ;'ljwf lbg oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug]{ .
-v_ ;b:ox¿df :jfjnDag, kf/:kl/s ;xof]u / ldtJolotfsf] efjgf hufpg] .
-u_ ;b:ox¿sf] cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs ljsf;sf] nflu ;]jf tyf ;'ljwf k'¥ofpg] .
-3_ oftfoftsf] If]qdf :j:y k|lt:kwf{ sfod u/fpg k|oTgzLn /xg] .
-ª_ oftfoft ;]jf;Fu ;DalGwt hgzlQm tflnd k|lzIf0fsf] sfo{ ug]{ .
-r_ ;jf/L ;fwgsf] nflu cfjZos :t/o'Qm kf6{k'hf{ pknAw u/fpg] .
-5_ k|b"if0f–/lxt oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfngsf] nflu cfjZos cg';Gwfg, ljZn]if0f tyf k|rf/
k|;f/ ug]{ .
-h_ ;+:yfsf] rn crn ;DklQnfO{ Jofj;flos tyf Jofkfl/s 9Ëaf6 kl/rfng ug]{
u/fpg] .
-em_ ;+:yfn] /lh:6«f/sf] :jLs[lt lnO pBdL JolQm, ;ª\3, ;+:yf nufot g]kfn ;/sf/;Fu
ldnL ;+o'Qm nufgLdf ;+:yfsf] lxtdf sfo{ ug]{ .*
^= sfo{
;+:yfsf] ljlgoddf pNn]lvt p2]Zo k|fKt ug{ lgDg sfo{ ul/g] 5—
-s_ ljlgod # df pNn]lvt sfo{If]qsf ljleGg :yfgdf ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfnfO{ cf/fdbfoL,
;/n / e/kbf]{ oftfoft ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg] .
2
-v_ sf7df8f}F pkTosfdf ;x/L oftfoft Joj:yf ;DaGwL of]hgf cGtu{t ;j{;fwf/0f
hgtfnfO{ cf/fdbfoL ;/n ;'ne e/kbf]{ oftfoft ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg] / b]zsf]
cGo ;x/L If]qdf klg lj:tf/} o; k|sf/sf] sfo{ ub}{ hfg] .
-u_ k|b'if0f /lxt oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng u/L ofq'x¿nfO{ ;'ljwf k|bfg ug]{ .
-3_ oftfoft ;'ljwfsf] nflu cfjZostf cg';f/ ;jf/L ;fwgx¿ vl/b ug]{, ljb]zaf6
cfoft ug]{ jf ef8fdf lng] lbg] .
-ª_ ;jf/L ;fwgx¿sf] dd{t ;Def/ ug{ oGqzfnf -sfo{zfnf_ :yfkgf u/L cfˆgf] tyf
;/sf/L lgsfo Pj+ ;j{;fwf/0fsf] ;jf/L ;fwgx¿ ;/n / ;'ky tl/sfn] dd{t
;Def/ u/L e/kbf]{ ;]jf pknAw u/fpg] .
-r_ oftfoftsf ;fwgx¿sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ ljleGg kf6{k'hf{, d]l;g/L cf}hf/ Pj+ cGo
cfjZos kg]{ ;fdfgx¿ cfoft u/L ;/n / ;'ky d"Nodf ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ ;d]t
pknAw u/fpg] .
-5_ cfjZostf cg';f/ b]zsf] ljleGg efudf 8fFs;]jf 9'jfgL ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{ Pj+
kf;{n tyf s'l/o/ ;]jf ;d]t ;~rfng ug]{ .
-h_ a; a8L lgdf{0f ug]{ p2]Zon] sf/vfgf vf]Ng] .
-em_ rfnssf] Ifdtfdf clej[l4 ug{sf nflu rfns k|lzIf0f s]Gb| :yfkgf ug]{ .
-`_ ;+:yf Pj+ ;b:ox¿sf] lxtsf nflu ;+:yfsf] sfo{k|s[lt;Fu d]n vfg] cfjZos cGo
sfo{ ;d]t ug]{ .
-6_ ;+:yfsf] gfddf /x]sf] crn ;DklQsf] Jofkfl/s tyf Jofj;flos pkof]usf nflu
lnhdf lbg], ef8fdf nufpg], ;f] :yfgdf Jofkfl/s ejgx¿ lgdf{0f ug]{, ug{ lbg] .
-7_ ;+:yfsf] lxtdf Joj;fod"ns cGo sfo{x¿ ug]{ .
-8_ ;+:yfsf] p2]Zocg'¿k pBdL JolQm, pBf]u, ;ª\3, ;+:yfnufot g]kfn ;/sf/ jf cGo
/fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o Joj;flos lgsfo;Fu ldnL ;+o'Qm nufgLdf pBf]u, Joj;fo
cflb ;~rfng ug]{ .*
3
kl/R5]b— #
;b:otf
*= ;b:otf
b]xfosf JolQm jf ;+:yfx¿ o; ;+:yfsf] ljlgodadf]lhd ;b:o x'g ;Sg]] 5g\—
-s_ ;+:yf btf{ ug{ lgj]bg lbg] JolQmx¿,
-v_ ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]qleq a;f]af; u/]sf P]gsf] bkmf @# adf]lhd laqmL ePsf] z]o/ vl/b
u/L ;+:yfsf] ;]jf k|fKt ug{ rfxg], ;b:otfsf] lhDd]jf/L jxg ug{ :jLsf/ ug]{ /
ljlgoddf pNn]lvt zt{x¿ k"/f ug]{ JolQmx¿,
-u_ ;+:yf;Fu cfly{s sf/f]af/ ePsf ljQLo ;+:yfx¿,
-3_ g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTj ePsf lgsfox¿,
-ª_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt lnO{ cGt/f{li6«o ;xsf/L dxf;ª\3sf] ;b:otf k|fKt ljb]zL
;xsf/L ;ª\3÷;+:yfx¿ .*
-r_ ;xsf/L P]g adf]lhd :yflkt ePsf ljleGg ;ª\3, ;+:yfx¿ . **
-5_ :yflgo tx÷lgsfo tyf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"0f{ jf cf+lzs :jfldTj ePsf] ;+3÷;+:yfx? #
4
!)= k|j]z z'Ns
-!_ ;+:yfsf] ;b:otf lngsf] nflu k|j]z z'Ns ?= %))÷—-?lkofF kfFr ;o_ a'emfpg'kg]{ 5 . #
-@_ pklalgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] /sd s'g} cj:yfdf klg lkmtf{ x'g] 5}g . #
@= ;+:yfsf] s'n z]o/ k'FhLsf] !% k|ltzteGbf a9L d"Nosf] z]o/ vl/b ug]{ ;b:on] ;b:otf
5f8\g rfx]df /fhLgfdf lbg] ldltn] sDtLdf !@ dlxgf cufj} lnlvt ;"rgf lbg'kg]{ 5 .
** ;ftf}+ ;fwf/0f ;ef4f/f ;+zf]lwt
# bzf}+ ;fwf/0f ;ef4f/f kfl/t eO{ ldlt @)&^÷)$÷)^ df /lhi6«f/af6 l:js[t
# # !#cf}+ ;fwf/0f ;ef4f/f kfl/t eO{ ldlt @)&&÷!!÷!* df /lhi6«f/af6 l:js[t
5
!#= ;b:otfaf6 lgisf;g
;b:otfaf6 lgisf;g ;ldltsf] lj:t[t 5fglagkl5 klg s'g} ;b:on] lgDg sfdsf/afxL u/]sf]
kfOPdf To:tf] ;b:onfO{ ;ldltsf] s'n ;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] ax'dtn] lgisf;g ug{ ;Sg] 5—#
-s_ ;+:yfsf] p2]Zo ljk/Lt x'g] u/L hfgfhfgL s'g} sfo{ u/]df, jf
-v_ ;+:yfsf] cfly{s cj:yf sdhf]/ x'g] sfd u/]df, jf
-u_ ;+:yfsf] /sd lxgfldgf u/]df, jf
-3_ ;+:yfsf] lxtlj?4 s'g} sfo{ u/]sf] 7x/]df, jf
-ª_ o; ljlgoddf ePsf Joj:yf / ljlgodsf] p2]Zolj?4 sfo{ u/]df .
t/ lgisf;g ug'{cl3 ;ldltn] ;DalGwt ;b:onfO{ cfk"mnfO{ nfu]sf] cf/f]k;DaGwdf :ki6Ls/0f
lbg / cf/f]ksf] v08g ug{ Pj+ cfjZos k|df0f sfuhft cflb k|:t't ug{ sDtLdf #%
lbgsf] ;"rgf;lxt df}sf lbg'kb{5 . 5fgljgsf] qmddf ;ldltsf] s'n ;b:o ;Vofsf] sDtLdf
b'O{ltxfO ax'dtsf] lg0f{on] ;DalGwt ;b:onfO{ lgnDag u/L ;+:yfaf6 s'g} vf; ;]jf jf
;'ljwf pknAw ug{ gkfpg] u/L a9Ldf Ps jif{sf] nflu aGb]h nufpg ;Sg] 5 . ;ldltsf]
lg0f{odf lrQ ga'´g] ;b:on] cfufdL x'g] ;fwf/0f ;efdf k'g/fj]bg k]; ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
o;;DaGwdf ;fwf/0f ;efsf] ax'dtn] u/]sf] lg0f{o clGtd x'g] 5 .
kl/R5]b— $
!$= sf]ifsf] Joj:yf
!= ;+:yfsf] sf]if b]xfoadf]lhdsf ;|f]tx¿af6 v8f ul/g] 5—
-s_ z]o/ laqmLaf6 k|fKt /sd,
-v_ k|j]z z'Ns,
-u_ ljQLo lgsfoaf6 k|fKt x'g] C0f,
-3_ ;b:o / cGo ;|f]taf6 k|fKt x'g] C0f,
-ª_ sf/f]af/af6 k|fKt x'g] art,
-r_ bfgbftJo
-5_ g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ tyf :yfgLo txaf6 k|fKt cg'bfg /sd, #
-h_ ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;ª\3÷;+:yfaf6 k|fKt /sd,
-´_ cGo ljljw ;|f]taf6 k|fKt /sd .
@= ;+:yfn] ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;ª\3÷;+:yfaf6 C0f tyf cg'bfg /sd k|fKt
ug'{cl3 g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"j{:jLs[lt lng'kg]{ 5 .*
#= pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd ;+:yfnfO{ k|fKt x'g] ;a} /sd ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] s'g} a}ª\sdf
;+:yfsf] gfddf vftf vf]nL hDdf ul/g]5 .
$= pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] sf]ifsf] vftfsf] ;~rfng ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] JolQm / k|d'v
sfo{sf/L clws[tsf] ;+o'Qm b:tvtaf6 x'g]5 .
!%= z]o/ k'FhL
!= o; ;+:yfsf] clws[t k'FhL cfjZostf cg';f/ ;do ;dodf ;fwf/0f ;efn] tf]s]
adf]lhd x'g] 5 .
@= k|ltz]o/ d"No ?= !)) .– -Ps ;o_ x'g]5 .
* 5}+7f] ;fwf/0f ;ef4f/f ;+zf]lwt
# !#cf}+ ;fwf/0f ;ef4f/f kfl/t eO{ ldlt @)&&÷!!÷!* df /lhi6«f/af6 l:js[t
6
#= z]o/ afktsf] k"/f /sd ;b:otfsf] nflu lbPsf] lgj]bg :jLs[t x'gf ;fy ltg'{kg]{ 5 .
$= s'g} klg JolQmn] s'n z]o/ k'FhLsf] @) k|ltzteGbf a9L z]o/ vl/b ug{ ;Sg] 5}g
t/ of] aGb]h g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/, :yfgLo tx / g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z
;/sf/ tyf :yfgLo txsf]] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] ;+:yf jf lgsfonfO{ nfu" x'g] 5}}g . #
kl/R5]b— %
bfloTj
!*= bfloTj ;Lldt
cfk"mn] lnPsf] z]o/;Dd dfq ;b:ox¿sf] bfloTj ;Lldt x'g]5 .
7
@)= xsbfaL jf gfd;f/L
!= s'g} ;b:osf] d[To' ePdf lghsf] gfddf /x]sf] z]o/ / ;+:yfaf6 lghnfO{ k|fKt x'g] xs
lghn] ljlgod !( adf]lhd dgf]gLt u/]sf] s'g} xsjfnf eP ;f] xsjfnf / To:tf]
xsjfnf geP k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhdsf] xsjfnfsf] gfddf gfd;f/L ul/g] 5 .
t/ To:tf] xsjfnfdf ;b:otf k|fKt ug{sf nflu ljlgoddf tf]lsPsf] of]Uotf gePdf,
;b:osf] d[To' ePsf] ldltn] ^ dlxgfleq ;b:otfsf nflu of]Uo c¿ s'g} xsjfnfsf]
gfddf gfd;f/L ul/kfpmF egL b/vf:t lbg ;Sg] 5 / To:tf]df ;f] xsjfnfsf] gfddf
/Lt k'¥ofO{ gfd;f/L ul/g] 5 .
@= pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd d[t ;b:osf] xs xsjfnfn] gfd;f/L u/fO{ lng grfx]df lghn]
kfpg] z]o/ /sd To:tf] xsjfnfnfO{ lkmtf{ lbOg] 5 .
#= pkljlgod -!_ / -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg d[t ;b:osf] xsjfnf
gfafns /x]5 jf lghsf] dfgl;s ;Gt'ng 7Ls /x]g 5 eg] d[t ;b:on] kfpg] z]o/
/sd sDtLdf b'O{ hgf ;fIfLsf] /f]xa/df To:tf] xsjfnfsf] ;+/IfsnfO{ lkmtf{ lbOg]5 .
kl/R5]b— ^
;fwf/0f ;ef
@!= jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef
!= ;+:yfsf] z]o/ vl/b ug]{ ;Dk"0f{ ;b:ox¿sf] Ps ;fwf/0f ;ef x'g] 5 .
@= k|To]s cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] ^ dlxgfleq jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef af]nfpg'kg]{ 5
.
#= pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef gaf]nfOPsf] cj:yfdf s'g} ;b:on] To:tf]
;ef af]nfpg /lh:6«f/ ;dIf lgj]bg lbPdf jf To:tf] lgj]bg glbPdf klg pkljlgod -
@_ df tf]lsPsf] Dofb ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] #% lbgleq /lh:6«f/n] jf lghn] tf]s]sf]
JolQmn] To:tf] ;ef af]nfpg ;Sg] 5 .
$= pkljlgod -@_ / -#_ adf]lhd jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef af]nfpFbf ;ef x'g] :yfg, ldlt /
;do v'nfO{ !% lbgcufj} ;DalGwt ;b:ox¿nfO{ ;"rgf lbg'kg]{ 5 .
%= ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f ;efsf] nflu u0fk'/s ;+Vof tTsfn sfod /x]sf] ;b:o ;+Vofsf]
sDtLdf %! k|ltzt x'g]5 . #
^= ljlgod ;+zf]wg ug{ a:g] ;fwf/0f ;efsf] u0fk"/s ;ª\Vof s'n ;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] %!
k|ltzt x'g'kg]{ 5 .
&= pkljlgod -%_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;ef ;~rfngsf] nflu klxnf]k6s
u0fk"/s ;ª\Vof gk'uL bf];|f]k6s ;ef af]nfpg k/]sf] cj:yfdf sDtLdf & lbgsf] csf]{
;"rgf lbg'kg]{ 5 / To;/L bf];|f] k6s af]nfOPsf] ;efsf] u0fk"/s ;ª\Vof s'n
;b:o;ª\Vofsf] !% k|ltzt jf !! hgfdWo] h'g a9L x'G5 ;f]xL x'g] 5 .
*= jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efsf] ;efkltTj ;ldltsf] cWoIfn] ug]{ 5 / cWoIfsf] cg'kl:yltdf
pkl:yt ;b:ox¿n] cfk"m dWo]af6 5fg]sf] ;b:on] ;efsf] ;efkltTj ug]{5 .
(= jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efdf 5nkmn ul/g] ;a} ljifox¿ k|:tfjsf] ¿kdf k]; ug'{kg]{ 5 /
To:tf] k|:tfj ;efdf pkl:yt ;b:ox¿n] …Ps JolQm Ps dtÚ sf] cfwf/df lbPsf] dtsf]
ax'dtaf6 kfl/t x'g]5 . dt a/fa/ ePdf ;efkltn] lg0ff{os dt lbg] 5 .
11
-5_ o; lalgodsf] k|lts'n x'g] sfo{ u/] u/fPdf jf ;+:yfsf] lxt lj?4 s'g} klg ;+rf/
dfWoddf cleJolQm lbPdf, lbg nufPdf jf kbdf axfnL /xFbfsf] avt ;+:yfsf la?4
s'g} klg lgsfodf ph'/L u/]df, ug{ nufPdf ##
-h_ ;+:yfsf] lxt la?4 cGo sfd sf/afxL u/]sf] kfOPdf . ##
-`_ P]gdf plNnlvt cGo ca:yf laBdfg ePdf ##
-5_ o; ljlgodsf] k|lts'n x'g] sfo{ u/] u/fPdf jf ;+:yfsf] lxt lj?4 s'g} klg ;~rf/
dfWoddf cleJolQm lbPdf, lbg nufPdf jf kbdf jxfnL /x+bfsf avt ;+:yfsf lj?4
s'g} klg lgsfodf ph'/ u/]df, ug{ nufPdf, #
-h_ ;+:yfsf] lxt lj?4 cgo sfd sf/jflx u/]sf] kfO{Pdf, #
12
-5_ sd{rf/Lx¿sf] bIftf Pj+ ;Lk ljsf; ug{ ljleGg tflnd ;~rfng ug]{–u/fpg],
-h_ lx;fa hfFrdf n]vfk/LIfsn] b]vfPsf s'/fx¿;d]t ljrf/ u/L cfˆgf] /fo 7x/;fy
;fwf/0f ;efdf k]; ug]{,
-em_ ;+:yfsf] sf/f]af/ jflif{s sfo{qmd tyf ah]6leq /xL ug]{, b/efp tf]Sg] / o:tf]
sf/f]af/ rnfpg cfjZos sf/afxL ug]{,
-`_ ;+:yfsf] b}lgs sfo{;~rfng ug{ sd{rf/L lgo'lQm ug]{, zfvf, pkzfvf, sfof{nosf]
:yfkgf ug]{ / sd{rf/L ;]jf;t{, kbf]Gglt, lgnDag, avf{:t tyf ;]jf / ;hfo;DaGwL
sd{rf/L k|zf;g, cfly{s sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug{ cfly{s k|zf;g tyf cGo cfjZos
lgodfjnL, sfo{lawL th'{df u/L tyf cfjZostfcg'¿k ;+zf]wg u/L ;fwf/0f ;ef
;dIf k]z ug{]{, #
-6_ n]vf ;'kl/j]If0f ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bgdf b]vfOPsf] s}lkmot ;'wf/ ug]{–u/fpg], *
-7_ 7]Ssf lng], lbg], shf{ lng] / cGo e}k/L cfpg] sfd ug]{,
-8_ n]vfk/LIfsn] b]vfPsf] s}lkmot tyf a]?h' c;'nL ug]{ tyf lgoldt ug]{–u/fpg],
-9_ ;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 rn–crn ;DklQ vl/b–laqmL ug]{,
-0f_ ;+:yfsf] lx;falstfa ;b:ox¿n] sfof{no ;doleq x]g{ rfx]df b]vfpg],
-t_ ;+:yfsf] sfo{qmd ;'rf? ¿kn] ;~rfng ug{, u/fpg cfjZostf cg';f/ ljleGg
pk;ldlt / ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldlt u7g ug]{,
-y_ ;~rfns ;ldltn] cfˆgf] s'g} clwsf/ k|of]u ug]{ u/L cWoIf jf k|d'v sfo{sf/L
clws[t jf pk;ldltnfO{ tf]Sg ;Sg] 5,
-b_ ;+:yfsf] lj?4 cbfnt jf cGo lgsfodf k/]sf] ph'/L, gfln; jf xsbfaLsf] ;DaGwdf
;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 sfg'gL k|lt/Iff ug]{ jf ldnfkq ug]{ tyf ;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 s;}sf]
lj?4 o:tf] xsbfaLsf] ;DaGwdf ph'/ ug]{, ldnfkq ug]{ jf bfaL kl/Tofu ug]{
u/fpg],
-w_ ;+:yfsf] afFsL aSof}tf P]g, lgodfjnLcg';f/ u/L c;'nL ug]{–u/fpg],
-g_ P]g, lgodfjnL / ljlgodcg';f/ cGo cfjZos sfo{x¿ ug]{,
-k_ ;+:yfsf] p2]Zo tyf sfo{cg'¿k ;+:yfsf] lxtdf pBdL JolQm, pBf]u, ;ª\3, ;+:yf,
g]kfn ;/sf/ jf cGo /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o lgsfox¿;Fu ldnL ;+o'Qm nufgLdf
pBf]u Joj;fo cflb ;~rfng ug{ cfjZos lg0f{o ug]{ . *
km_ P]g,lgodn] tf]s]sf] cGo sfo{x? ug{] u/fpg] . #
13
-3_ ;+:yfsf] p2]Zo k|flKtsf] nflu cfOk/]sf h?/L sfo{sf] l;nl;nfdf ;ldltsf] a}7s
ga;]sf] cj:yfdf tTsfn ;ldltsf] tkm{af6 lg0f{o ug]{ / tTkZrft\ a:g] ;ldltsf]
a}7sdf k]; u/L cg'df]bg u/fpg],
-ª_ ;+:yfnfO{ cfTdlge{/ / :jrflnt agfpgsf nflu gofF ;DefJo sfo{qmd / cfDbfgL x'g]
;|f]tsf] vf]hL tyf df}h'bf ;fwgsf] kl/rfngsf nflu lqmofzLn /xg],
-r_ k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tnfO{ ;fwf/0f ;ef / ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7s af]nfpg cfb]z lbg],
-5_ ;+:yfsf] rn–crn ;DklQsf] /]vb]v, ;+/If0f, lgoGq0f ug]{–u/fpg],
-h_ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{o k|dfl0ft ug]{,
-em_ ;+:yfsf] s'g} sf/afxLsf ;DaGwdf cfjZostfcg';f/ hfFra'em Pj+ lg/LIf0f ug]{–u/fpg]
tyf cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg],
-`_ P]g, lgodfjnL Pj+ ljlgodadf]lhd ;+:yfsf] p2]Zo k|flKtsf nflu cfjZosLo cGo
ljljw sfo{x¿ ug]{ .
14
-*_ Pp6} kl/jf/sf] Ps eGbf a9L JolQm Ps} calwdf ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns jf n]vf ;'kl/a]If0f
;ldltsf] ;+of]hs jf ;b:o kbdf pDd]baf/ aGg / lgjf{lrt x'g ;Sg] 5}g . # #
-(_ n]vf ;'kl/a]If0f ;ldltsf] ;+of]hs jf ;b:o ;+:yfsf] cfly{s tyf b}lgs k|zf;lgs
sfo{df ;xefuL x'g kfpg] 5}g . # #
kl/R5]b—(
Joj:yfkg
#$= sd{rf/L ;DaGwL Joj:yf
!= ;+:yfsf] b}lgs sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ cfjZos kg]{ hgzlQmsf] lgo'lQm ;dfj]zL
l;4fGtnfO{ ;d]t Wofg lbO{ sd{rf/L k|zf;g lgodfjlnsf] clwgdf /lx ul/g]5 . #
@= pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jf, zt{ / ;'ljwf ;DalGw Joj:yf
;+:yfsf] sd{rf/L k|zf;g lgodfjlndf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd x'g]5 . #
#%= k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t ;DalGw Joj:yf M
!= ;+:yfsf] b}lgs k|zf;g ;~rfng ug{ ;ldltn] pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] pk;ldltsf]
l;kmfl/;df Ps k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 . #
@= k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tsf] lgo'lQmsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ug{ ;ldltn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] Ps
pk;ldlt u7g ug]{5 M#
s_ ;+rfns ;ldltsf] cWoIf jf lghn] tf]s]sf] ;+rfns – cWoIf ##
v_ k|ltlglw, nf]s ;]jf cfof]u -sDtLdf /f=k= l4tLo >]0fL_ – ;b:o ##
u_ k|ltlglw, e"ld Joj:yf, ;xsf/L tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f dGqfno -sDtLdf /f=k=
l4tLo >]0fL_ – ;b:o ##
3_ ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] kbk'lt{;+u ;DalGwt dfgj ;+zfwg lj1 – ;b:o ##
ª_ k|zf;g k|d'v – ;b:o ;lrj ##
* 5}+7f] ;fwf/0f ;ef4f/f ;+zf]lwt
# bzf}+ ;fwf/0f ;ef4f/f kfl/t eO{ ldlt @)&^÷)$÷)^ df /lhi6«f/af6 l:js[t
# # !#cf}+ ;fwf/0f ;ef4f/f kfl/t eO{ ldlt @)&&÷!!÷!* df /lhi6«f/af6 l:js[t
15
#= pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd pk;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo, clwsf/ / ;'ljwf tyf sfof{jlw
;ldltn] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 . #
$= pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tsf] of]Uotf, lgo'lQm tyf ;]jf,
zt{ / ;'ljwf ;DalGw Joj:yf ;+:yfsf] sd{rf/L k|zf;g lgodfjlndf Joj:yf eP
adf]lhd x'g]5 . #
%= pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tsf] lgo'lQm geP ;Dd ;ldltn] tf]s]sf]
;+:yfsf] gfoj k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t jf ;f] ;/xsf] jl/i7 clws[tn] k|d'v sfo{sf/L
clws[t eO{ sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{5 . #
kl/R5]b— !)
ljQLo Joj:yf
#&= art ljt/0f
!= k|To]s cfly{s jif{df ;+:yfsf] n]vfk/LIf0fkZrft\ cfly{s v'b gfkmf /sdsf] sDtLdf
@% k|ltzt /sd hu]8f sf]ifdf /flvg] 5 .
@= pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd hu]8f sf]if 5'§ØfO{ afFsL /xg] /sdnfO{ ztk|ltzt dfgL
lglDglnlvt sf]ifx¿sf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5—
-s_ z]o/ nfef+z sf]if,
-v_ ;+/Ifs k'FhL sf]if,
-u_ sd{rf/L af]g; sf]if,
-3_ sd{rf/L sNof0f sf]if,
-ª_ ;xsf/L lzIff sf]if,
-r_ 3f6fk"lt{ sf]if,
-5_ 8'aGt] C0f sf]if,
-h_ ;xsf/L ljsf; sf]if .
#= pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd v8f ul/g] sf]ifx¿df hDdf x'g] /sdsf] xb ;do;dodf
;ldltn] tf]lslbPadf]lhd x'g] 5 .
$= pkljlgod -@_ adf]lhd v8f ul/Psf] sf]ifsf] /sd 5'§f5'§} vftfdf /fVg'kg]{ 5 /
To:tf] sf]ifsf] ;~rfng ;ldltn] tf]ls lbPadf]lhd x'g] 5 .
%= pkljlgod @ -s_ sf] sf]ifaf6 P]g k|lts"n gx'g] u/L ;fwf/0f ;efn] tf]s]adf]lhd
nfef+z ljt/0f ul/g] 5 / nfef+z ljt/0f u/L afFsL x'g cfPsf] /sd hu]8f sf]ifdf
hDdf ul/g] 5 .
^= sd{rf/L af]g; sf]ifaf6 ;ldltsf] lg0f{ofg';f/ sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ af]g; ljt/0f ul/g] 5
/ o;/L af]gf; ljt/0fkZrft\ s'g} /sd afFsL x'g cfPdf ;f] /sd sd{rf/L sNof0f
sf]ifdf hDdf ul/g] 5 .
&= sd{rf/L sNof0f sf]ifsf] ;~rfng ;ldltn] agfPsf] lgodsf] cwLgdf /xL ;~rfns
k|ltlglwsf] ;+of]hsTjdf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t / sd{rf/L k|ltlglw;d]t ;b:o ePsf]
;ldltn] ug]{ 5 .
17
-*_ cGo sf]if ;DaGwL Joa:yf #
c_ ;+/IfLt k'FhL lkmtf{ sf]if #
cf_ ;xsf/L k|aw{g sf]if #
O_ cGo sf]if #
-(_ lalgod -#&_ df pNn]lvt sf]ifx? P]gsf] clwgdf /xL ;+rfns ;ldltn] tf]lslbP
adf]lhd ;+rfng x'g]5 . #
18
$!= ;+:yfn] /fVg] axLvftf / lx;fax¿
;+:yfn] sfo{;~rfngsf] l;nl;nfdf cfjZos kg]{ axLvftf / lx;fax¿ /fVg] 5 . t/
sDtLdf klg b]xfoadf]lhdsf axLvftf / lstfax¿ ;+:yfdf clgjfo{ ¿kdf x'g'kg]{ 5—
-s_ ;xsf/L lgodfjnL, @)$( sf] cg';"rL $ adf]lhd ;b:o btf{ lstfa,
-v_ z]o/ btf{ /lh:6/,
-u_ cfoJoo /lh:6/,
-3_ tflnd /lh:6/,
-ª_ JolQmut tyf ;+:yfsf] C0f vftf,
-r_ ;DklQ btf{ vftf,
-5_ lhG;L vftf,
-h_ cfDbfgL, vr{ ;DklQ / bfloTj;DaGwL cnucnu vftfx¿,
-em_ ljleGg ;ef, ;ldlt tyf pk;ldltx¿sf] a}7s /lh:6/,
-`_ ;+:yfsf] cGo ;+:yfx¿;Fusf] sf/f]af/ /lh:6/,
-6_ ;fdflhs ;fd"lxs sfo{qmd ;~rfng /lh:6/,
-7_ gub vftf,
-8_ a}7s ;Dk/LIf0f vftf,
-9_ e'QmfgL /lh:6/,
-0f_ a]?h" Pj+ ;Dk/LIf0f vftf,
-t_ ;~rfns ;ldltsf cWoIf tyf ;b:ox¿, ;Nnfxsf/x¿ / n]vf ;'kl/j]If0f ;ldltsf
;+of]hs tyf ;b:ox¿sf] gfd, 7]ufgf / sfof{jlw;d]t b]lvg] nut, *
-y_ lgodfjnLcg';f/ tf]lsPsf cGo vftfx¿ .
kl/R5]b— !!
$@= lgjf{rg
!= ljlgodadf]lhd lgjf{rg x'g] kbx¿sf] lgjf{rg ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 :jLs[t lgjf{rg
lgb]{lzsf adf]lhd u/fOg] 5 .
@= ;~rfns ;ldlt / n]vf ;'kl/j]If0f ;ldltsf] sfo{cjlw ;dfKt x'g'cufj} gofF
;ldltsf] lgjf{rg ul/g] 5 jf u/fOg] 5 . *
$#= dWo:ytf
o; ljlgodadf]lhd u/]sf] s'g} sfdsf/afxLdf s]xL ljjfb p7L pQm ljjfb ;~rfns ;ldlt
jf ;fwf/0f ;efåf/f ;dfwfg x'g g;s]df To;sf] dWo:ytf ug{ To:tf ljjfb /lh:6«f/;dIf
k]; ul/g] 5 . /lh:6«f/n] dWo:ytf ;DaGwL sfg'gsf] k|lqmof k"/f u/L ljjfb ;'Nemfpg] 5 .
o:tf] cj:yfdf dWo:ystf{sf] lg0f{o clGtd x'g]5 .
19
$$= ljlgod ;+zf]wg
!= o; ljlgoddf n]lvPsf s'g} s'/fx¿ ;+zf]wg ug{'k/]df ;+:yfsf] s'n ;b:o;ª\Vofsf]
ax'dtsf] lg0f{oaf6 ul/g] 5 . # #
@= pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd ;+zf]wgsf nflu lg0f{o ePsf] k|:tfj /lh:6«f/;dIf :jLs[ltsf
nflu k7fOg] 5 . ;+zf]lwt ljlgod ;xsf/L P]g, @)&$ sf] bkmf @( sf] pkbkmf @
adf]lhd :jLs[t ePkl5 dfq nfu' x'g]5 . # #
$%= ;+:yfsf] lj36g
!= ;+:yfn] lalgoddf plNnlvt p2]Zo tyf sfo{ xfl;n ug{ ;Dej gePdf jf ;+:yfsf]
lxt ug{ g;Sg] ePdf P]gsf] clwgdf /xL ;+:yfsf] s'n ;b:o;ª\Vofsf] ax'dtn] ;+:yf
lj36g ug]{ lg0f{o ug{ ;Sg] 5 . # #
@= pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] lg0f{o;lxtsf] lgj]bg k|fKt ePkl5 /lh:6«f/ jf lghaf6
clwsf/k|fKt JolQmn] ;+:yfsf] btf{ vf/]h u/L P]gsf] bkmf *( cg'¿k lnlSj8]6/ lgo'Qm
ug]{ 5 . # #
kl/R5]b— !@
ljljw
$^= ab/ gx'g]
s'g} ;~rfnssf] lgjf{rg, ;fwf/0f ;efsf] lg0f{o jf s'g} lgo'lQmsf ;DaGwdf P]g, lgodfjnL
/ ljlgod cGtu{tsf] s'g} Joj:yf kfng ePsf] 5}g egL kl5 k|dfl0ft x'g cfPdf To;/L
k|dfl0ft x'g'cufj} ePu/]sf] sf/afxL ;f] s'/fn] dfq ab/ x'g] 5}g .
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/;+usf] ;dGjodf ;+:yfn] sfo{ ug]{ M
;+:yfn] ;~rfng ug]{ ;fj{hlgs oftfoftnfO{ Jojl:yt ?kdf ;~rfng ubf{ g]kfn ;/sf/,
ef}lts k"jf{wf/ tyf oftfoft Joj:yf dGqfno / ;xsf/L tyf ul/jL lgjf/0f dGqnfo;+u
;dGjo ug]{5 . #
-v_ /fhLgfdf ;DalGw ljz]if Joj:yf M
!_ ;ldltsf ;b:on] cWoIf ;dIf / cWoIfn] ;ldlt dfkm{t ;fwf/0f ;ef ;dIf
/flhgfdf lbg ;Sg]5 . #
@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd /fhLgfdf k]z x'g cfPdf ;b:osf] /fhLgfdf cWoIfn]
/ cWoIfsf] /fhLgfdf ;fwf/0f ;efsf] ax'dtsf] lg0f{oaf6 l:js[t ug{ ;Sg]5 .
To;sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ t'?Gt lbg' kg]{5 . #
#_ n]vf ;'kl/j]If0f ;ldltsf ;b:on] ;+of]hs ;dIf / ;+of]hsn] ;fwf/0f ;ef
;dIf /fhLgfdf lbg ;Sg]5 . #
$_ pkljlgod -#_ adf]lhd /fhLgfdf k]z x'g cfPsf ;b:osf] /fhLgfdf ;+of]hsn]
/ ;+of]hssf] /fhLgfdf ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 ax'dtaf6 l:js[t ug{ ;Sg]5 .
To;sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ t'?Gt lbg' kg]{5 . #
# bzf}+ ;fwf/0f ;ef4f/f kfl/t eO{ ldlt @)&^÷)$÷)^ df /lhi6«f/af6 l:js[t
# # !#cf}+ ;fwf/0f ;ef4f/f kfl/t eO{ ldlt @)&&÷!!÷!* df /lhi6«f/af6 l:js[t
20
-u_ cljZjf; k|:tfj k]z ug{ ;lsg] M
!_ ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f ;efsf] sDtLdf kf+r k|ltzt ;b:on] cWoIf, pkfWoIf jf
s'g} ;~rfns x6fpg pko'Qm 5 elg sf/0f vf]ln ;fwf/0f ;ef ;dIf
cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj k]z ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . #
@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] k|:tfj ;fwf/0f ;efsf] ax'dtaf6 kfl/t
ePdf To:tf] cWoIf, pkfWoIf jf ;~rfns cfk\mgf] kbaf6 d'Qm x'g]5 . #
$&= zkyu|x0f
;+:yfsf] ljlgodadf]lhd ;~rfns ;ldltsf lgjf{lrt ;b:ox¿ / lgjf{lrt n]vf ;'kl/j]If0f
;ldltsf kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:ox¿n] lgjf{rg clws[t;dIf cg';l" r # df pNn]v
ePadf]lhdsf] ;ky u|x0f ug'{ kg]{ 5 . *
21
cg';"rL—!
-ljlgod & sf] pkljlgod @ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
;+:yfsf] 5fk M
;+:yfsf] ;ª\s]t lrXg a;sf] 6fo/sf] aLrdf uf]nfsf/df dflyNnf] efudf ;f‰f oftfoft / tNnf]
efudf sf7df8f}F n]lvPsf] aLrdf uf]nfsf/ b'O{cf]6f ;s{nsf aLrdf g]kfnsf] gS;f cª\lst ePsf]
lgDg gd'gf adf]lhdsf] ;+:yfsf] 5fk x'g] 5 .
cg';"rL—@
-ljlgod !^ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
;f‰f oftfoft ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8
z]o/sf] k|df0fkq
22
cg';"rL—#
-ljlgod $& ;Fu ;DalGwt_k
zkyu|x0f
d -zkystf{sf] gfd_ of] k|lt1f ub{5' ls d]/f] ;fdYo{n] EofP;Dd ;b:osf] gftfn] ;a} sfd tyf
a}7sx¿df lgoldt ¿kn] efu lng] 5' tyf ;+:yfsf] uf]kgLotf sfod ub}{ ;+:yfsf] ljsf; /
;b:osf] lxtsf nflu Odfgbf/L tyf kljq x[bon] kIfkft/lxt tl/sfaf6 lg0f{o lng] 5' .
23