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    23 RR Sonde-Thermax

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    Prashant Deshmane
    Fluidized bed gasification technology is well-suited for converting India's high ash coal into synthesis gas. Pilot plants in India have demonstrated the technical feasibility of this approach. Key lessons learned are that fluidized bed gasifiers can operate effectively at lower pressures to reduce costs, and circulating fluidized bed configurations can produce char-free ash to improve efficiency. The document discusses India's need to reduce import dependence for oil and gas, and proposes coal gasification followed by methanol production as a promising option utilizing the country's abundant coal reserves.

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    23 RR Sonde-Thermax

    Uploaded by

    Prashant Deshmane
    45 views15 pages
    Fluidized bed gasification technology is well-suited for converting India's high ash coal into synthesis gas. Pilot plants in India have demonstrated the technical feasibility of this approach. Key lessons learned are that fluidized bed gasifiers can operate effectively at lower pressures to reduce costs, and circulating fluidized bed configurations can produce char-free ash to improve efficiency. The document discusses India's need to reduce import dependence for oil and gas, and proposes coal gasification followed by methanol production as a promising option utilizing the country's abundant coal reserves.

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    Fluidized bed gasification technology is well-suited for converting India's high ash coal into synthesis gas. Pilot plants in India have demonstrated the technical feasibility of this approach. Key lessons learned are that fluidized bed gasifiers can operate effectively at lower pressures to reduce costs, and circulating fluidized bed configurations can produce char-free ash to improve efficiency. The document discusses India's need to reduce import dependence for oil and gas, and proposes coal gasification followed by methanol production as a promising option utilizing the country's abundant coal reserves.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    45 views15 pages

    23 RR Sonde-Thermax

    Uploaded by

    Prashant Deshmane
    Fluidized bed gasification technology is well-suited for converting India's high ash coal into synthesis gas. Pilot plants in India have demonstrated the technical feasibility of this approach. Key lessons learned are that fluidized bed gasifiers can operate effectively at lower pressures to reduce costs, and circulating fluidized bed configurations can produce char-free ash to improve efficiency. The document discusses India's need to reduce import dependence for oil and gas, and proposes coal gasification followed by methanol production as a promising option utilizing the country's abundant coal reserves.

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    of 15

    Fluid bed technology with gas clean up:

    High Ash Coal Gasification

    8 - March-2018

    Dr. R. R. Sonde
    CTO and Executive Vice President, Thermax
    Ltd. Pune
    (formerly with Atomic Energy Commission & NTPC
    Ltd.)
    &
    Chairman Coal to Methanol, Niti Aayog

    Confidential. Thermax Ltd.


    Coal will continue to be the back bone of Energy in India
    • India consumes Total 212.7 Mtoe oil and 45.1 Mtoe Natural
    gas. Majority (88%) of this is import.
    • India’s dependence on Oil and Gas import is hurting our
    economy and there is all round effort to reduce its
    dependence by alternate fuels, which can supplement Oil
    and Gas.
    • Government of India has come up with two major
    approaches
    – Bio fuels (Bio diesel / Bio ethanol)
    – Coal to oil and gas (Coal Gasification)

    Confidential. Thermax Ltd.


    India’s shale oil moment lies in Coal energy maximization :

    303 billion tones of coal vs 0.621 billion tons of crude says it all. We need about
    520 MTOE in total energy and only coal can meet this demand for more than 100
    years. Crude internal resource can meet for 4 years and gas for six years ( for an
    extended capacity)

    Confidential. Thermax Ltd.


    Coal to Gas for Oil and Gas
    • Coal conversion to gas ( and then gas to CNG/Oil/ direct
    usage) is the most suited option
    Fuel for heating
    Application

    Coal compression
    Gasification Input for Methanol
    and gas (Automobile Fuel)
    conditioning
    Synthesis gas
    (CO+H2) Input for
    Chemical/Fertilizer
    plants as feed

    By Gasification process coal can be converted to syngas, syngas is a


    starting molecule for fuel energy, CNG, Methanol & other liquid fuels

    Confidential. Thermax Ltd.


    Technology Needs for Gasification for Coal and Low
    grade solid fuels (MSW)
    There is no commercial demonstrated technology for India’s high ash coal
    gasification

    The work carried out in India since late nineties and last five years has given a
    confidence that Fluid Bed Gasification is the best option for HAIC.

    Coal and Biomass (RDF-MSW)


    gasification technologies

    Fluid Bed technologies

    Circulating Fluid Bed gasification Twin reactor pyrolysis &


    & combustion combustion

    Confidential. Thermax Ltd.


    Plant Installations:
    Indirect /Twin bed design

    MNRE

    RSIL

    4.5 MWth Biomass gasification plant at Washim, MH

    Confidential. Thermax Ltd.


    250 kW coal Gasification facility Thermax Pune

    Plant has completed ~500 hours of operation

    Confidential. Thermax Ltd.


    CTL Gasifier IGCC Gasifier

    500 kW coal Gasification facility EIL Gurgaon 1 MW coal Gasification facility Thermax Pune

    IITM, EU, ECN, TKI, HU, CNRS

    CHT
    Confidential. Thermax Ltd.
    R&D Testing Facilities…

    Gas sampling system for


    Syngas and tar Gas chromatograph (GC)

    Thermo gravimetric Scanning Electron


    X-ray diffractometer (XRD) Microscope (SEM)
    analyser (TGA)

    Confidential. Thermax Ltd.


    TAR Analysis
    CLARUS 500 GC-FID TRACE 1110 GC-TCD

    Tar sample analysis Syngas/ producer gas analysis

    Hydrocarbons Peaks
    Confidential. Thermax Ltd.
    LEARNINGS FROM THE INDSUTRIAL PILOT SCALE PLANTS

    1. Fluid bed design for India’s coal is operable with few critical
    parameters. Continuous sustainability is possible but with
    lowering the pressure of operation 4-10 bar and then use the
    booster compressor to meet the end utility requirements

    2. MSW needs to be converted to RDF in pellet form and this can


    then be gasified in the twin reactor design

    3. Fluid bed CFBC will enable to get the char free ash and
    enhance the overall efficiency

    4. Gas clean up system needs to take care of particulate matter ,


    light HCs, AGR, metal impurities respectively to meet the final
    gas specifications
    Confidential. Thermax Ltd.
    FBC Scheme for future applications
    Syngas

    Fluegas
    Gasifier
    (Circulating Air/
    Steam Heat
    Fluegas Char Air
    fluidized bed) Exchanger Combustor

    Air/
    Water

    ASH

    ASH+ Char ASH+ Char

    Fluidized bed Gasifier with fly ash char combustor is


    best suitable technology for high ash coal
    Confidential. Thermax Ltd.
    Coal Gasifier for Thermal/ Power Applications
    Only small
    light Tar
    Generation
    Coal Feeding
    System

    Fluidized
    Bed Gasifier

    Syngas
    Cooler Dust Separation

    syngas to burners
    for heating
    Handles Wide
    Variety of Coal applications
    (Type and Size)
    Effective Heat
    Recovery for
    Enhancing
    Efficiency

    Confidential. Thermax Ltd.


    Coal to Methanol Project
    Indian
    Air separation
    coal unit

    Ash
    Gas clean-up R&D
    Gasification
    island Catalysis R&D
    • Performance evaluation &
    Gas clean-up optimization
    Gas island • Effect of operating parameters,
    cooling kinetics
    Particulate
    Separation Acid gas /
    trace metal
    removal
    MeOH Reactor
    Hydrodynamics & Reactor Island
    Engineering R&D

    DST, IITD and Thermax


    Thank You

    Confidential. Thermax Ltd.

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