SYMMETRICAL COMPONENTS EXERCISE SOLUTION

Problem 1:

Va = 67 V @ 0 degrees Ia = 1 A @ -10 degrees

Vb = 67 V @ -120 degrees Ib = 1 A @ -130 degrees
Vc = 67 V @ +120 degrees Ic = 1 A @ +110 degrees

Using the symmetrical components equations, manually calculate the positive, negative, and
zero-sequence components that you expect the relay to see for this balanced three-phase
condition. Draw a phasor diagram representing both the phase and sequence components for
the voltages and currents.

1
Va 0 = (67 @ 0 + 67 @ 240 + 67 @ 120) = 0 @ 0
3

Vc Ic
1
Va1 = (67 @ 0 + 1 @ 120 * 67 @ 240 + 1 @ 240 * 67 @ 120)
3
1
Va1 = (67 @ 0 + 67 @ 0 + 67 @ 0) = 67 @ 0 Va
3

Va 2 =
1
(67 @ 0 + 1 @ 240 * 67 @ 240 + 1 @ 120 * 67 @ 120)
Ia
3
1 Ib
Va 2 = (67 @ 0 + 67 @ 120 + 67 @ 240) = 0 @ 0
3 Vb

1
Ia 0 = (1 @ 350 + 1 @ 230 + 1 @ 110) = 0 @ 350
3

1
Ia1 = (1 @ 350 + 1 @ 120 *1 @ 230 + 1 @ 240 *1 @ 110)
3 Va1
1
Ia1 = (1 @ 350 + 1 @ 350 + 1 @ 350) = 1 @ 350
3 Ia1
1
Ia 2 = (1 @ 350 + 1 @ 240 *1 @ 230 + 1 @ 120 *1 @ 110)
3
1
Ia 2 = (1 @ 350 + 1 @ 110 + 1 @ 230) = 0 @ 350
3

Symmetrical Components Solution_r3 Page 1 of 3

Problem 2:

Va = 67 V @ 0 degrees Ia = 1 A @ -10 degrees

Vb = 67 V @ -120 degrees Ib = 1 A @ +110 degrees
Vc = 67 V @ +120 degrees Ic = 1 A @ -130 degrees

Using the symmetrical components equations, manually calculate the positive, negative, and
zero-sequence components that you expect a relay to see for this balanced three-phase
condition. Draw a phasor diagram representing both the phase and sequence components.

1
Va 0 = (67 @ 0 + 67 @ 240 + 67 @ 120) = 0 @ 0
3
Vc Ib
1
Va1 = (67 @ 0 + 1 @ 120 * 67 @ 240 + 1 @ 240 * 67 @ 120)
3
1 Va
Va1 = (67 @ 0 + 67 @ 0 + 67 @ 0) = 67 @ 0
3
Ia
1
Va 2 = (67 @ 0 + 1 @ 240 * 67 @ 240 + 1 @ 120 * 67 @ 120)
3 Ic
1 Vb
Va 2 = (67 @ 0 + 67 @ 120 + 67 @ 240) = 0 @ 0
3

1
Ia 0 = (1 @ 350 + 1 @ 230 + 1 @ 110) = 0 @ 350
3

1 Va2
Ia1 = (1 @ 350 + 1 @ 120 *1 @ 110 + 1 @ 240 *1 @ 230)
3
1 Ia2
Ia1 = (1 @ 350 + 1 @ 2300 + 1 @ 110) = 0 @ 350
3

1
Ia 2 = (1 @ 350 + 1 @ 240 *1 @ 110 + 1 @ 120 *1 @ 230)
3
1
Ia 2 = (1 @ 350 + 1 @ 350 + 1 @ 350) = 1 @ 350
3

Symmetrical Components Solution_r3 Page 2 of 3

 Problem 3:

Using the symmetrical components equations, manually calculate the positive, negative, and
zero-sequence components that you expect a relay to see for this unbalanced condition. Draw
a phasor diagram representing both the phase and sequence components.

Va = 55.7 V @ 13 degrees Ia = 8.6 A @ +5 degrees

Vb = 44.9 V @ -89 degrees Ib = 7.7 A @ -165 degrees
Vc = 63.2 V @ +149 degrees Ic = 1.7 A @ +142 degrees

1
=
Va 0 (55.7 @13 + 44.9@ − 89 + 63.2@149)
= .3@12.0
3

1
=Va1 (55.7 @13 + 1@120* 44.9@ − 89 + 1@ 240*63.2@149)
3 Vc Ic
1
Va=1 (57.7 @13 + 44.9@ 31 + 63.2@ 29)= 54.1@ 24.1 Va
3
Ia
1 Ib
Va 2 = (55.7 @13 + 1@ 240 * 44.9 @ − 89 + 1@120 * 63.2 @149)
3
1
Va 2 = (55.7 @13 + 44.9 @151 + 63.2 @ 269) = 10.7 @ − 64.3
3
Vb
1
Ia 0 = (8.6 @ 5 + 7.7 @ − 165 + 1.7 @142) = 0.1@ − 136.9
3

1
Ia1 = (8.6 @ 5 + 1@120 * 7.7 @ − 165 + 1@ 240 *1.7 @142)
3 Va1
Ia2
1
Ia1 = (8.6 @ 5 + 7.7 @ − 45 + 1.7 @ 22) = 5.4 @ − 14.6
3
Ia1
1
Ia 2 = (8.6 @ 5 + 1@ 240 * 7.7 @ − 165 + 1@120 *1.7 @142) Va2
3
1
Ia 2 = (8.6 @ 5 + 7.7 @ 75 + 1.7 @ 262) = 4.1@ 32.2
3

Symmetrical Components Solution_r3 Page 3 of 3