ST. GABRIEL THE ARCHANGEL HIGH SCHOOL, INC.

San Gabriel, La Union

“A Seed by Love for All, Dedication to the Community and Commitment to the Child’’
SCHOOL ID: 400121 SCHOOL ESC ID:0100071

Name: ______________________________________ QUARTER 1

Section: _______________________ MATHEMATICS 7
Week 7 & 8

Content Standards: The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of sets and the real number
system.
Performance Standards: The learner in able to formulate challenging situations involving sets and real
numbers and solve these in a variety of strategies.
Learning Competencies: The learner
i. Plots irrational numbers (up to square roots)on a number line;
ii. Illustrates the different subsets of real numbers;
iii. Arranges real numbers in increasing or decreasing order and on a number line;
iv. Writes numbers in scientific notation and vice versa; and
v. Represents real – life situations and solves problems involving real numbers.

Lesson 11: Set of Real Numbers

Man’s first encounter with numbers has something to do with counting. At that time, “number”
meant something we could count, like toys, candies, fingers, and a lot more.

Subsets of Real Numbers

Set of Counting Numbers or Natural Numbers
Set of Numbers Description
The set of the counting or natural numbers is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and so on. It
does not include 0.
Counting or Natural Numbers N= { 1, 2 ,3 ,… }
*The 3 dots at the end of the list indicate that the list continues without
end.
The set of natural numbers and the number 0.
Whole Numbers
W ={ 0 , 1, 2 ,3 ,… }
The set of natural numbers including their negatives and zero.
Integers
Z={ … ,−3 ,−2 ,−1 , 0 , 1, 2 ,3 ,… }
The set of integers and the set of positive and negative fractions.

Rational Numbers { 1 1 1 1
Q= …− ,−3 ,− ,−2 ,− ,−1 , 0 ,1 , ,2 , , 3 , , …
2 2 2 2
1
2
1
2 }
{| p
Q= x x is the quotient of two integers , where q ≠ 0
q }
The set of non – terminating and non – repeating decimals.

{ }
x∨x is a number that cannot be expressed as a quotient of
Irrational Numbers Q=
'
p
two integers
q
Real Numbers Rational and irrational numbers.

The Real Number System

Devie Anne G. Biscarra | 09462058206 Page 1

Example 1: Put a check (/) mark under each subset of real numbers that applies for each given number.
Number Real Rational Irrational Integer Whole Natural
1. 65 / / / / /
2. −21 / / / /
2
3. 17 / /
5
4. √ 18 / /
5. 17.75 / /

Ordering Real Numbers

−3
Locate and plot 2, , √ 2 ,and 3 on the number line.
2

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
−3
The number 2 is positive, and so it is located 2 units to the right from 0. The number is
2
3
negative, and so it is located units to the left ofm0, that is, midway between – 1 and – 2. The irrational
2
number √ 2is located to the right of zero, and its distance from zero is equal to the length of the diagonal
of a square with side of length 1 unit, which is about midway between 1 and 2. Finally number 3 is
pocitive, and so it is located3 units to the right of 0.

Without using the number line, real numbers can also be arranged in ascending or descending
orders. All the numbers can be changed first to decimal forms before arranging them.

Consider the set below and arrange them in descending order (from highest to lowest).
4
5 {
,−0.84 , √ 25 ,− √6 ,3.27 , 18 }
0.8, -0.84, 5.0, -2.45, 3.27, 18

Therefore, the set of numbers in descending order is

{ 4
18 , √ 25 , 3.27 , ,−0.84 ,−√ 6
5 }
Example 2: Draw a number line and locate the given numbers.
1. √ 2 ,2. 2 ,∧−1.4
2. 3.9 , √ 9 ,−0.3
Solution:
1.
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5

2.

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
Example 3. Arrange in the order specified.

1. Descending {−√ 36 , 25 ,√ 3 ,−1.27 ,2.6 6}

2. Ascending {73 ,−3.16 ,√ 12 ,−√ 16 , 0.75 }
Solution:
1. In decimal form In descending order
{−6 , 0.4 ,1.73 ,−1.27 ,2.6 6 } { 2.6 6 , 1.73 , 0.4 ,−1.27 ,−6 }

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 2. In decimal form In descending order
{ 2.3 3 ,−3.16 , 3.46 ,−4 ,0.75 } {−4 ,−3.16 ,0.75 , 2.3 3 , 3.46 }

Lesson 12: Scientific Notation

Very large and very small numbers can be written conveniently using the scientific notation.
Main Point
A number is expressed in scientific notation when it is written in the form a ×10 n
Where 1 ≤ a<10(read as “a is greater than or equal to 1 but less than 10”) and n is an integer.

Consider the distance between the Sun and Earth which is about 150 000 000 km.
This distance can be changed into the scientific notation by following the steps shown below.

150 000 000 Given number

Move decimal point in the standard form so that the new number has
a value between 1 and 10.
8
1.5 ×10 Count the number of decimal places the decimal point is moved. This
is the exponent to which the base 10 is raised. If the decimal point is
moved to the left, the exponent is positive.

The diameter of a red blood cell is about 0.00075 cm. This can be written by following the steps
shown below.
0.00075 Given number
Move decimal point in the standard form so that the new number has
a value between 1 and 10.
−4
7.5 ×10 Count the number of decimal places the decimal point is moved. This
is the exponent to which the base 10 is raised. If the decimal point is
moved to the right, the exponent is negative.

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 On the other hand, if the numbers are expressed in scientific notation, we can write them in
decimal notation.
Take a look at the following numbers in scientific notations which are expressed in decimal
notation.

8.51 ×108 Given

Move the decimal point 8 places to the right since 8 > 0.

8.51 ×108 =851 000000

If the exponent of 10 is positive n, then move the decimal point n places to the right.
−5
6.65 ×10 Given
Move the decimal point 5 places to the left since – 5 < 0.

−5
6.65 ×10 =665 000

If the exponent of 10 is negative n, then move the decimal point n places to the left.

Example 4: Write each number in scientific notation.

1. 10 000 000 000 000 4. 0.00009
2. 530 000 5. 0.000524
3. 125 400 000

Solution:
1. 1.0 ×1013 1013since decimal point is moved 13 places to the left and 1 ≤1.0<10
2. 5.3 ×105 105since decimal point is moved 5 places to the left and 1 ≤5.3<10
3. 1.254 ×10 8 108 since decimal point is moved 8 places to the left and 1 ≤1.254 <10
4. 9 ×10−5 10−5 since decimal point is moved 5 places to the right and 1 ≤9< 10
5. 5.24 ×10−4 10−4since decimal point is moved 4 places to the right and 1 ≤5.24 <10

Checked by:
Prepared by: FELICIANA K. JACALNE
DEVIE ANNE G. BISCARRA OIC Principal
Subject Teacher

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Name:______________________________________
_ Week 7 & 8 Activity Score:________________
Section:________________________

A. Identify the set to which the given number belongs. Check ( ) the appropriate column below.

Given Real Rational Irrational Integers Whole Natural

1. −√ 13

2. 0.51912
−4
3.
7
4. −10

5. √ 122

B. Arrange the following real numbers in (a) descending order and (b) ascending order.
Descending Ascending

1.) 3.5 ,−5 ,−√ 3

3
2.) 0 , 0.25 ,−
4
3.) 40 ,3.14 ,−√ 4
3
4.) 2 ,−40.5 ,−3 ,− √5 , √ 10
4
1 9
5.) √ 5 ,2.25 ,−2 , ,−0.75
4 7

C. Write the following numbers in scientific notation and vice versa. Write your answer on the blank.

1.) 0.000000000 235 ______________________________________

2.) 987 654 000 000 000 ______________________________________

3.) 6.17 ×10 9 ______________________________________

4.) 1.332× 10−3 ______________________________________

5.) 53 000 000 000 ______________________________________

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