F – 17

Practical Research 2
Quarter 2 – Week 4
Research Instrument, Validity and Reliability

Roliza Gwen A. Magnawa Grade 12 STEM-A

What’s New?
Activity 1. Let’s Talk
1. It is necessary to use the right tools for a particular task because there will be an
error or problem when we use the wrong tool for a particular task.
2. There will be a misunderstanding between the researcher and the respondents and
error to gather good data for the study.
Activity 2. Let’s Read
1. The facilitators of the program should have prepared a criterion for judging and
rating sheets for the judges.
2. The result of the investigation was helpful to determine the problems of the teacher
in charge of the program or the facilitators. And will them identify what was their
problems.
3. Before gathering data for the study, the researcher first prepares for the
instruments needed for the study for the data gathering and to be able to come up
with a valid result.

What’s More
Activity 1: Qualify and Rate the Instrument

Sample Instrument
Purpose of the Research Instrument: to determine the effectiveness of learning modalities during the
pandemic
Numbers of Items: 15
Criteria for Evaluation of Instrument Scale Used: Likert Scale

Rating Justification
Concise 3 The questions were too long
and hard to understand. It
should be easier to understand
for a good response from the
respondents.
Sequential 5 The questionnaires were
arranged well.
Valid and Reliable 4 it was valid and reliable to get
accurate information for the
study.
Easily Tabulated 5 It was easily tabulated, and the
research question were already
formed before the were able to
making the research
instruments.
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Activity 2. Search and Evaluate the Instruments.

Example 1 Example 2
Title of the Research Study Impact of Social Media on Social Media Addiction and
Academics: A Quantitative Youths
Study

Type of Research Instrument Test Questionnaire and Online survey

Way of developing the
Instrument
Scale Used
How the validity if the instrument
was established?
How the reliability of the
instrument was established
Source
interviews
the researcher made his own
instrument that corresponds to
the variable and scope of his
current study.
Likert Scale
by using the content validity
and was checked by an expert
Equivalent forms reliability
M. Ahmed, M. Dar, R. M. Tahir
and F. Masood, "Impact of
social media on academic: A
quantitative study," 2018
International Conference on
Computing, Mathematics and
Engineering Technologies
(iCoMET), 2018, pp. 1-5, doi:
10.1109/ICOMET.2018.8346373
. SpmGoUdQ
the researcher made his own
instrument that corresponds to
the variable and scope of his
current study.
Likert Scale
Concurrent Validity
Internal consistency reliability
https://www.researchgate.net/
publication/
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RING_COVID-
19_IN_DHAKA_BANGLADESH?
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LCCmos3O2q9vDWmFNlmeXuM
0bylgVQcCvh8pgYpBUQeus5VmD

Activity 3. Let’s go online

Multiple Choice True or False

1. D 1. A
2. A 2. B
3. A 3. B
4. B 4. A
5. C 5. A
6. D 6. A
7. B 7. B
8. C 8. B
9. D 9. A
10. A 10. A
11. D
12. B
13. C
14. D
15. A
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What I have Learned

1. Why is it important to have a good research instrument?

 Because it provides certain qualities for the study like validity and reliability to get accurate
and appropriate information for the study
2. Differentiate validity and reliability. Explain how the complement each other to make a good
research instruments.
 Validity is considered valid if it measures what is supposed to measure. While reliability
refers to the consistency of the measures or results of the instruments. This two
compliment to each where it is used as a concept to evaluate the quality of research. A
research instruments should be valid to identify it reliability and validity is always reliable. It
is important to get more appropriate and accurate information.

What I Can Do

The goal of your research instrument/s
Parts of your instrument/s.
Number of items per sub – factor: total items
Scale to be used
How will it be validated?
How will the reliability be established?
To determine whether social media has a positive
or negative impact to the home-based learners.
And to collect the needed data to come with a
conclusion for the study. And to determine how
often they phone when doing their modules and
how effective social media when answering their
modules.
Name of respondents:
Age:
Do you have smartphone? ⃝ yes ⃝ no
Research Questions: in a tubular way
5
Likert scale
It will be validated by using content validity and
asking teachers if it is already reliable.
Using the test-retest raliabilty.

Additional Activity:

Title of the Study: Effectiveness Social Media on Home-based Learners in the Midst of the Pandemic

Research Questions:

 How often they use their gadgets?

 How effective social media to home-based learners?
 Does it have a good impact or negative impact to student?
 Does it affect their grades?
 It is helpful in some aspects in learning.
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Research Instruments:

Effectiveness Social Media on Home-based Learners in the Midst of the Pandemic

Name of Respondents:

Age:

Grade Level & section:

Do you have smartphone? ⃝ yes ⃝ no

Direction: Mark check on how you agree to the items given.

Strongly Agree Disagree Strongly

Agree Disagree
1. There will be more distraction in
social media when learning at home.

2. It leads to procrastination of the

learners.
3. It helps students learning at home,
it assist student learn at home in the
midst of the pandemic.

4. Able to communicate to their

teachers through social media.
5. Social media is effective and helpful
in some aspects.
Total:

Thank you for your cooperation!