INSTITUT PENDIDIKAN GURU KAMPUS KOTA BHARU

PROGRAM PERSEDIAAN IJAZAH SARJANA MUDA PERGURUAN

DENGAN KEPUJIAN
Semester _2_ Tahun _1_

MTES1114
BASIC GEOMETRY

TASK 3:
WRITING

NAME
MUHAMMAD DZULRAZIQ BIN MOHD DZAFRI

MATRIX CARD NUMBER

P2108128

IDENTIFICATION CARD NUMBER

020417060091

GROUP/CLASS
MATHEMATICS 1

NAME OF LECTURER
DR HAJI ALIAS BIN HUSSAIN

DATE OF SUBMISSION
12 APRIL 2022
 INSTITUT PENDIDIKAN GURU KAMPUS KOTA BHARU
BORANG MAKLUM BALAS KERJA KURSUS (PROJEK/AMALI)

Nama:MUHAMMAD DZULRAZIQ BIN MOHD Angka Giliran Pelajar : 2021082310256

DZAFRI
Tajuk Tugasan: WRITING
Pensyarah : DR HAJI ALIAS BIN HUSSAIN Subjek/ Kursus : BASIC GEOMETRY
Tarikh Hantar: 12/04/2022 Tarikh Diterima :

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( MUHAMMAD DZULRAZIQ BIN MOHD DZAFRI )

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 PENGHARGAAN

Bismillahirahmanirahim. Alhamdulillah, bersyukur ke hadrat Ilahi dengan

limpah rahmat serta nikmat masa, nyawa, tenaga yang dianugerahkan kepada saya
dapat juga saya menyiapkan tugasan ini dengan jayanya. Pada mulanya, saya
menghadapi sedikit kerumitan dalam proses menyiapkan tugasan ini. Alhamdulillah
berkat pertolongan pihak-pihak berikut membolehkan saya menyiapkan tugasan yang
diamanahkan pada tempoh yang ditetapkan.

Pertamanya, saya ingin mendedikasikan sekalung penghargaan ini kepada

pensyarah tercinta saya, Dr Haji Alias bin Hussain kerana dengan tunjuk ajar serta
bimbingan daripadanya telah membuka ruang untuk saya menyiapkan tugasan ini
dengan jayanya.

Saya juga ingin mengucapkan terima kasih yang tidak terhingga kepada ibu
bapa dan rakan-rakan saya yang memberi pemudahcara kepada saya untuk
menyiapkan tugasan ini. Mereka telah memberikan saya segala kemudahan dan
sokongan moral yang tidak terhingga sehingga saya berjaya menyiapkan tugasan ini.

Akhirnya, saya mengucapkan terima kasih kepada mereka yang terlibat secara
langsung atau tidak langsung dalam usaha menyiapkan tugasan ini. Terima kasih.
INTRODUCTION

Conic sections, also known as cone sections, are the curves created by cutting
a cone with a plane. A cone, according to our knowledge, usually has two identical
conical shapes that are known as nappes. As a result, depending on the angle of the
cut between the plane and the cone and its nappe, we can get a variety of shapes.
The following forms are obtained by cutting a cone with a plane at dissimilar angles
which are circle, parabola, ellipse, and hyperbola.

Firstly, ellipse is a conic section that is created when a plane intersects with
the cone at an angle. Second, the circle is a special kind of ellipse where the cutting
plane is parallel to the base of the cone. Meanwhile, a hyperbola is created when the
interesting plane is parallel to the axis of the cone and intersect with both the nappes
of the double cone. When the intersecting plane cuts at an angle to the surface of the
cone, we obtain a last conic section named parabola. Although, all the sections of a
cone or conic sections have dissimilar shapes, but they do have several
characteristics.
CONCEPT OF HYPERBOLA AND PARABOLA, CONIC SKETCHING AND CONIC
EQUATION

Menaechmus of Turkey and his friend Plato, who studied ellipses, parabolas,
and hyperbolas in roughly 276-194 BC, found the conic section (Marinus, 2017). He
had discovered the answer by employing parabolic and hyperbolic qualities to
separate portions of lines X and Y, resulting in the ratio a: x=x : y=2a. After that, the
concept of conic sections was developed year by year, and various conic section
formulas were created. To begin, one of the conic section formulas is the parabola
formula, which is as follows:

x2 = 4ay

-The way to find that formula is

-Consider the point on P on the parabola with coordinates (x,y). The distance of this
point P from the Directrix is equal to the distance of this point F from the focus F,
according to the definition of a parabola. In this case we will use the perpendicular
distance PB to calculate a point B on the directrix.
-We have PF=PB (because e=PF/PB=1) according to this definition of the eccentricity
of the parabola.

-The focus’s coordinates are F(a,0), and we may calculate its distance from P using
the coordinate distance formula (x,y)

𝑃𝐹 = √(𝑋 − 𝑎)2 + (𝑦 − 0)2

=√(𝑥 − 𝑎)2 + 𝑦 2

-The directrix’s equation is x+a=0, and we calculate PB using the perpendicular

distance formula

𝑥+𝑎
𝑃𝐵 =
√12+02

=√(𝑥 + 𝑎)2

-We must use PF=PB to derive the parabola equation

√(𝑥 − 𝑎)2 + 𝑦 2 = √(𝑥 + 𝑎)2

-By squatting both sides of the equation,

(𝑥 − 𝑎 ) 2 + 𝑦 2 = (𝑥 + 𝑎 ) 2

𝑥 2 + 𝑎2 − 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑦 2 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑎2 + 2𝑎𝑥

𝑦 2 − 2𝑎𝑥 = 2𝑎𝑥

𝑦 2 = 4𝑎𝑥

-We have now correctly deduced the typical parabola equation

-Similarly, the equations of parabolas can be deduced as:

(b): y2 = – 4ax,
(c): x2 = 4ay,
(d): x2 = – 4ay.
-The standard equations of Parabolas are the four equations listed above.
 𝑥2 𝑦2
-Now we move to the concept of Hyperbola, the formula of Hyperbola is 2
− =1
𝑎 𝑏2

-The way to find it is by considering a point P on the Hyperbola, and the difference of
its distance from the two foci F,F’ is 2a.
PF’-PF=2A

-P’s coordinates are (x,y), and the foci are F(c,0) and F’, respectively (-c,0)

√(𝑥 − 𝑐)2 + 𝑦 2 − √(𝑥 − 𝑐)2 + 𝑦 2 = 2𝑎

√(𝑥 − 𝑐)2 + 𝑦 2 = 2𝑎 + √(𝑥 − 𝑐) 2 + 𝑦 2

-To address the problem further, we must square both sides.

(𝑥 + 𝑐)2 + 𝑦 2 = 4𝑎2 + (𝑥 − 𝑐)2 + 𝑦 2 + 4𝑎√(𝑥 − 𝑐)2 + 𝑦 2

𝑥 2 + 𝑐 2 + 2𝑐𝑥 + 𝑦 2 = 4𝑎2 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑐 2 − 2𝑐𝑥 + 𝑦 2 + 4𝑎√(𝑥 − 𝑐)2 + 𝑦 2

4𝑐𝑥 − 4𝑎2 = 4𝑎√(𝑥 − 𝑐)2 + 𝑦 2

𝑐𝑥 − 𝑎2 = 𝑎√(𝑥 − 𝑐)2 + 𝑦 2
-Squaring on both sides and simplifying, we get
𝑥2 𝑦2
2
− =1
𝑎 𝑐 2−𝑎 2

-We also have 𝑐 2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 , which we can use in the equation above.

𝑥2 𝑦2
2
− =1
𝑎 𝑏2

-As a result, the Hyperbola’s standard equation is obtained.

STATEMENT OF THE DAILY LIFE PROBLEM FOR INVESTIGATION

This is problem solving parabola in daily life and the question is:

-The cable of suspension bridge hangs in the shape of parabola. The towers

supporting the cable are 500ft apart and 200ft high. If the cable, at its lowest, is

40ft above the bridge at its midpoint, how high is the cable 100ft away

(horizontally) from either of the tower?

ELOBARATION OF THE PROBLEM AND ALSO THE COMBINATION OF

CONCEPTS APPLIED IN SOLVING PROCEDURE

The solution for this question

STEP 1

-We need to draw the graph of this question based on the information to identify
the variables
-Based on the graph, we can see the vertex is located at (0,40) with h=0,
k=40

-We know that the towers are 500 feet apart so since from one tower to the
other tower that is 500 feet apart meaning from the vertex to the tower is
250 feet away

-We know also that the height of the tower is 200 feet high.

-So, we get the coordinates on the parabola which is P (250,200)

-The question is we need to find the value of y which is the height

meanwhile the value of x is the cable length 100 feet away from the right
tower (250-100=150), So P(150,y)

STEP 2

-Because the vertex is not at the origin, we use the equation of the parabola

which is (𝑥 − ℎ)2 = 4𝑃 (𝑦 − 𝑘)

-We have the vertex at 𝑣 (ℎ, 𝑘) = 𝑣 (0,40)

-So, we insert the value of h and k in that equation

(𝑥 − 0) 2 = 4𝑃 (𝑦 − 40)

𝑥 2 = 4𝑃 (𝑦 − 40)

-A point on the parabola is P(x,y)=P(250,200). Substituting these values on the

equation of the parabola, we have just now

𝑥 2 = 4𝑃 (𝑦 − 40)

2502 = 4𝑝(200 − 40)

62500 = 4𝑃 (160)

62500 = 640𝑝

3125
𝑝= =97.66
32
STEP 3

-Hence, we substitute the value of P in the equation, and it will be

𝑥 2 = 4𝑃 (𝑦 − 40)

𝑥 2 = 4(97.66)(𝑦 − 40)

𝑥 2 = 390.63(𝑦 − 40)

-To solve for y in the coordinate P(x,y)=P(150,y), we add the value of x in the
equation

𝑥 2 = 390.63(𝑦 − 40)

(150) 2 = 390.63(𝑦 − 40)

1502
= 𝑦 − 40
390.63

57.60 = 𝑦 − 40

57.60 + 40 = 𝑦

𝑦 = 97.6

-Lastly, the cable is 97.6 feet high 100 feet away from either tower
 CONCLUSION FOR THE APPLICATION OF CONIC CONCEPT IN REAL LIFE

As deduction, planes cut through a cone are known as conic or conical forms.
Different conics are obtained depending on the angle of intersection. Conics include
the parabola, ellipse, and hyperbola. A circle is a unique conic. Conical shapes are
two-dimensional and are represented on the x and y axes. They are beneficially use
in our daily life. For example, application of parabola in real life is a high-flying ball
follows a parabolic path and a roller coaster follows the rise and fall of sea’s parabolic
course. Other than that, the application of hyperbola in real life is formed by the sides
of a guitar and the Dulles Airport features a hyperbolic parabolic shape. It has a
hyperbola on one side and a parabola on the other. Lastly, other application of conic
concept in real life is an elliptical water surface can be seen when a tumbler of water
is tilted and the electrons in an atom follow an elliptical orbit around the nucleus.

REFERENCES

Applications of Conics in Real Life | Conic Sections. (2020, October 27). Cuemath.

Retrieved April 15, 2022, from https://www.cuemath.com/learn/mathematics/conics-

in-real-life/

Hyperbola - Equation, Properties, Examples | Hyperbola Formula. (n.d.). Cuemath.

Retrieved April 15, 2022, from https://www.cuemath.com/geometry/hyperbola/

Marinus, C. (n.d.). Menaechmus | Greek mathematician | Britannica. Encyclopedia

Britannica. Retrieved April 15, 2022, from

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Menaechmus

1. The cable of a suspension bridge hangs in the s. (n.d.). Gauthmath. Retrieved April 15,

2022, from https://www.gauthmath.com/solution/1-The-cable-of-a-suspension-

bridge-hangs-in-the-shape-of-a-parabola-The-towers-s-1710758671765525

Parabola - Equation, Properties, Examples | Parabola Formula. (n.d.). Cuemath. Retrieved

April 15, 2022, from https://www.cuemath.com/geometry/parabola/