CHAPTER I – INTRODUCTION

Problem Statement

The proposed research was situated at the vicinity of Barangay San Jose, Dulag,

Leyte. The residential building is located near a National Highway and a coastal area,

resulting in noise pollution that disturbs occupants, particularly throughout sleeping hours.

The residential building is located in an interior lot which leads to congestion since there are

no known setbacks between houses.

One common problem for this residential building is its roof. It leaks and stacks rain

water from its sides. Aside from its poor installation, the roof is in an inconvenient

orientation following the footprint of the building, which causes water to stay at the edge of

roof because it is parallel to the wall of the adjacent residential building.

Another problem is its poor planning. Spaces are congested and there are floor

elevations that are unnecessary and inappropriate to specific areas that causes discomfort for

the occupants. A solution to this is to add another storey because the rooms are too small for

the total number of occupants. Additionally, there are no available parking spaces outside

due to the lack of space.

In addition to this, the ceiling and the floor itself needs to be renovated and restored

due to poor installation and the already deteriorating materials that were used. The ceiling is

already damaged and the floor is usually moist because of the humid weather especially that

the building is near a coastal area.

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 Another problem is the buildings’ water system and proper sanitation. Due to an

inadequate budget, the owner cannot install an improved water system and up until now they

still use manual water pump. And for sanitation, the comfort room needs a solution for

clogging and sustainable effective water supply.

This building needs to create a sustainable and an environmentally friendly approach.

Considering also the beautification of the whole building by adding greenery and landscape

to help lessen the heat because the whole building, including its exterior open spaces, are

already cemented.

Objectives of the Study

This study aims to develop an adaptable and sustainable residence for the Silla Family in

Barangay San Jose Dulag, Leyte. The following are the data required in order to achieve the

desired design:

 Green Architecture

 Tropical design strategies

 Natural disaster adapting characteristics

 Modern minimalist approach

 Design considerations for coastal residences

 Appropriate plumbing features and fixtures

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Significance of the Study

This study aims to make a significant development in daily living of both the

occupant and their neighbors. This research can also be used as a guide for planning

considerations when designing a residential structure to have an impact for their community.

This may also help future owners and Architects to design a modern and tropical approach

considering some environmental factors, that will show harmony between human and nature.

Significance of the Project

Following the introduction and completion of this research, the Silla family would be

able to live safely and comfortably in their home. Resiliency for natural disasters and

sustainable living for the whole family.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

With the COVID-19 pandemic occurring during the study and project, the access to digital

knowledge provided by the internet are the only resources available to them. Within the boundaries of

the home, the project's reach is minimal. The study’s relevant factors will be based on the collected data

for the design development for the improvement of the existing residential property of the Silla’s

residence and gather data only within the scope of the existing house, its yard, and surroundings.

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 PART II – REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Urban Planning and Architecture Design for Sustainable Development - GREEN

ARCHITECTURE: A CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABILITY (UPADSD 14- 16 October

2015)

This research identifies sustainability concept as common interest of numerous

disciplines. The Concept of Green Architecture, that also known as "sustainable architecture"

or "green building," considering theory, science and style of buildings designed and

constructed in accordance with environmentally friendly principles. It strives to minimize the

number of resources consumed in the building's construction, use and operation, as well as

curtailing the harm done to the environment through the emission, pollution and waste of its

components.

The researcher seeks difficult and complex issues of sustainability which encompass

the scope of almost every aspect of human life. To design, construct, operate and maintain

buildings energy, water and new materials are utilized as well as amounts of waste causing

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negative effects to health and environment is generated. In order to limit these effects and

design environmentally sound and resource efficient buildings; "green building systems"

must be introduced, clarified, understood and practiced.

Green Building Materials - A Way Towards Sustainable Construction (Mokal, A., et al.,

2015)

The article has examined numerous green building materials along with its benefits,

functions, and characteristics. Through the usage of these materials, the article enforces

reduced environmental impact, cost efficiency, durability, and is eco-friendly. The green

building materials mentioned in the article uses less energy and materials, also improving

indoor air quality. Thus, providing health benefits for its residents.

The researcher seeks to be knowledgeable of green building materials to support the

study, making it eco-friendly, sustainable, and energy efficient, improving the project. The

article shows green building materials that would be applicable to the proposed project, as

well as its benefits, strength and its applicability, enhancing the health of its residents.

Research and Design of Green Tropical Architecture (J. Appl. Environ. Biol. Sci.,

1(11)492-499, 2011 © 2011)

This paper argues that climatic responsive design could directly be seen as significant

architectural language for defining local architecture by research and design. The tropical

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principle illustrated an accurate prediction of controlling, filtering and responding to outdoor

climate.

This paper explains the researcher’s view about traditional house to continuously

sustain the fundamental nature that is the language of climatic understanding into

contemporary solution. Also, in green architecture, design must be developed, justified

predicted and evaluated of design alternative with scientific reason.

Climate Change Adaptation Strategies in the Philippines - A Case Study Within the

Leyte Region (Zalameda, V., 2015)

The resilience, weaknesses, and capability of the Leyte region were examined in the

research paper. The study paper also includes climate adaptation methods as well as natural

disasters such as typhoons. It also includes disaster-prevention plans and disaster-reduction

strategies.

With the help of this study, the researcher will be able to determine and collect relevant data

for the study's advancement. This will aid the researcher in determining the feasibility of the

site, as well as whether or not the region is vulnerable to earthquakes, climatic changes, or is

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a resilient location. The researcher will then better prepare the project that has been

proposed.

Minimalism in Contemporary Architecture as One of the Most Usable Aesthetically-

Functional Patterns (UDC 7.038.42:72)

The aim of the research is focused on recognizing the reasons for accepting this

global phenomenon. The research results should show whether it is a temporary occurrence

or entirely new style in architecture. It all depends on what the analysis of the characteristics

of the given examples shows. From this premise, two hypotheses are formed: Minimalism in

architecture is the same as simplified architecture and minimalism is a style of architecture.

According to this, scientific methods are thus: analysis of minimalism features and their

impact in architecture, case study of representative examples from recent history and

synthesis of the results through classification of minimalistic idea types.

The researcher seeks influence contemporary life and defining relation of this

phenomenon to the reality. According to this task two hypothesis are formed at the start

“minimalism in architecture is the same as a simplified architecture” and “minimalism is a

style of architecture”. After analyzing influences and characteristics of minimalism in

contemporary space including certain examples from practice, and some case studies of the

architectural achievements based on minimalist ideas, research results are concluded and

defined according to previous hypothesis. The conclusion includes understanding of

minimalism as a way of thinking and a life style.

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An Overview of Passive Cooling Techniques in Buildings: Design Concepts and

Architectural Interventions (Department of Architecture, Aligarh Muslim University,

Aligarh-202002, India)

This paper reviews and critically analyzes various passive cooling techniques and

their role in providing thermal comfort and its significance in energy conservation. Passive

cooling systems use non-mechanical methods to maintain a comfortable indoor temperature

and are a key factor in mitigating the impact of buildings on the environment. Passive

cooling techniques can reduce the peak cooling load in buildings, thus reducing the size of

the air conditioning equipment and the period for which it is generally required.

With the help of this study, the researcher will be able to impart passive cooling

techniques reviewed and discussed with reference to their design implications and

architectural interventions. Aiming at better understanding micro-climates around buildings,

and to understand and describe comfort requirements under transient conditions during the

summer period. Also, of importance are improving quality aspects, developing advanced

passive and hybrid cooling systems, and finally, developing advanced materials for the

building envelope.

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 CHAPTER III - METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This study will focus mainly in renovating and developing a design for the

improvement of the Silla’s Family residential building into a better and sustainable well-

planned design. The research design to be used is a descriptive type research where the

researcher observes and reflects the characteristics of the existing house, geared towards

elucidating the current concerns of the occupants and modifying it to a well-planned and

constructed premise of the property.

Research Instruments and Data Collection Methods

The data will be collected through multiple research instruments and procedures to

ensure that all information needed will meet the research objectives, which will be based on

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the researcher's detailed information given the physical realities of the property, will demand

a more extensive analysis between the study of literature and direct observation.

Provided by research instruments such as the observation checklist, the reliability and

validity of Internet-based reference and printed materials which will be the research

instruments used in this study.

A literature search will be conducted to obtain information on Green Architecture,

tropical design strategies, natural catastrophe adaptation characteristics, the Modern

Minimalist approach, design concerns for coastal dwellings, and appropriate plumbing

features and fixtures. The observation will also collect data on the Silla family's house's

current Modern Minimalist characteristics, design concerns for coastal houses, appropriate

plumbing systems and fixtures by collecting data using observation checklists.

1. Green Architecture

2. Tropical design strategies

3. Natural disaster adapting characteristics

4. Modern minimalist approach

5. Design considerations for coastal residences

6. Appropriate plumbing features and fixtures

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