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Physics Department

Physics for Engineers

(Phys E1)

Laboratory Manual

Name: Randy Albaladejo Jr.

Program and Section: BSCE2-EC11
Instructor:Rhyxy Anthony Mamon
Physics Department
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Name: Randy Albaladejo Jr. Class Schedule: Saturday 1-4 PM
Program & Year: BSCE2-EC11 Instructor: Rhyxy Anthony Mamon
Density and Specific Gravity

Laboratory Exercise No. 7

Objectives:

- To determine the specific gravity and density of solid and liquid samples
- To measure the specific gravity of liquid specimen using hydrometer
Equipment/ Materials/ Tools:

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Method:
This experiment will observe density and specific gravity wherein the first part will have
three distinct classifications for the solid specimen to observed and analysed, it will be placed in
air and two types of liquid (water, brine and kerosene) all of these are weighed. The apparent
loss of weight are calculated. Specific gravity is obtained by dividing the weight in air by the loss
weight when the body is immersed in water, brine and kerosene. A hydrometer is used to
measure the specific gravity of the liquids.

Data and Results:

Table 7.1: Weight of the Solid Sample

 Solid  Weight  Weight  Weight  Weight 

Sample in Air in Water in Brine in Kerosene

Metal 4.28 kg.m/s2 3.79 kg.m/s2 3.75 kg.m/s2 3.89 kg.m/s2

Table 7.2: Loss of Weight of the Solid Sample

  Loss of Weight
Solid 
In Water In Brine In Kerosene
Sample

Metal 0.49kg.m/s2 0.53kg.m/s2 0.39kg.m/s2

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Table 7.3: Density and Specific Gravity

Sample Specific Gravity Density

Metal 8.73 8,730 kg/m3

Brine 1.08 1,080 kg/m3

Kerosene 0.80 800 kg/m3

Table 7.4: Determination of Specific Gravity by Hydrometer

Liquid Specific Specific Gravity  Percentage of

Sample Gravity  Difference
by Loss-of-Weight Method
by Hydrometer (LOWM)

Brine 1.04 1.08 3.77%

Kerosene 0.78 0.80 2.53%

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Computations:
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Observations:

The solid specimen was placed in two compositions in the experiment: one in air and
three types in liquid (water, brine, and kerosene), and the results showed that the object's mass
changed. Furthermore, the density of each composition on the object has an impact on how
much weight is reacted. The denser the sample, the higher the density, and the less dense, the
lower the density.

Analysis:

I discovered that the object's density is a critical factor in how each sample reacts to the
solid specimen. We were able to calculate how much weight may be lost by placing various
samples on them. As a result, an object that is denser than an equal volume of fluid will sink in
that fluid, and vice versa. Furthermore, specific gravity indicates how effectively the three
samples in a liquid can predict whether or not an object will float or sink. It is based on the ratio
of an object's density to the density of a substance sample.

Conclusions

In conclusion, density is the most important component in determining whether an object will
float or sink based on the volume of the substance sample provided, the solid specimen, and the
type of liquids present. We might determine the loss of weight and specific gravity based on the
change in mass, which informs us the ratio between the density of an object and that of a
substance sample. As a result of the experiment, water has the lowest density of all, followed by
brine, and finally kerosene, which has the highest density.