See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

net/publication/315416390

Overview of Medicine- Its Importance and Impact

Article · November 2016

DOI: 10.18831/djmed.org/2016011001

CITATIONS READS

8 28,917

1 author:

B. More
Replacin Pvt Ltd
16 PUBLICATIONS   45 CITATIONS   

SEE PROFILE

All content following this page was uploaded by B. More on 09 August 2017.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

 DJ International Journal of Medical Research, Vol. 1(1) 2016, pp. 1-8

REVIEW ARTICLE
Overview of Medicine- Its Importance and Impact
*
Balaji More1
1
Vice President –Medical Raptakos, Brett and Co.Ltd, Mumbai, India.
Received- 24 July 2016, Revised- 1 September 2016, Accepted- 11 October 2016, Published- 19 November 2016

ABSTRACT
In the modern world, living beings are suffering from various kinds of diseases due to their
lifestyle habits. Today, medicine is the first aid preferred for every disease. The usage of medicine is
being practiced from prehistoric times to the present. It is an ancient thought of development in the
medical world. This article reviews the evolution of medicine and their development. Human beings
believed that medicines have the capacity to regulate diseases and it devotes to health and well-being
of patients. This article focuses on the importance of medicine, the science of healing using medicine
and its impact. The analysis is carried out in both the traditional and modern medicinal way of
treatment. The medical field is constantly making tremendous changes in the progress of medicines,
thereby curing many dangerous diseases and save the lives of many human beings. This analysis,
conclude with suggesting the requirements for further development in medical treatment for some
existing incurable diseases.
Keywords: Traditional medicine, Medical treatment, Modern medicine, Incurable diseases, Healing
method.

1. INTRODUCTION surgical intervention. [2] Medicine includes

In the 21st century, people are totally
depended on medicine for various kinds of
lifestyle diseases. There are different kinds of
medical field such as Allopathy, Ayurveda and
Homeopathy currently in form all over the
world. People depend on those medical fields,
according to their beliefs. Medicine is not a
pure science, but is a science of probability.
The progress of medicine mainly focuses on
the science of healing and the development of
science in the medical field. Its history is from
prehistoric times to at present. According to [1]
medicines are described as the science of
healing, which contains the treatment and
prevention of disease, the practice of the
diagnosis and the promotion of health. It is
also referred to plant substances, drugs,
medications which are used to cure many
diseases and to promote health. Medical
dictionary defined the medicine as a drug, art
of preventing diseases. It is also defined as the
study and treatment of general diseases or
those which are affecting the body, particularly
those which are not generally needed for
*Corresponding author. Tel.: +918452959225
Email address: drbdmore@gmail.com (B.More)
Double blind peer review under responsibility of DJ Publications
http://dx.doi.org/10.18831/djmed.org/2016011001
2456-5709 © 2016 DJ Publications by Dedicated Juncture Researcher’s Association. This is an open access
article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
various kinds of health care practices which
are evolved to preserve and restore the health
by the treatment and prevention of diseases.All
human cultures have a medical belief that
offers explanations for illness, birth and death.
All over the history, diseases are being
recognized to witchcraft, experts and will
power of the god. [3] Early records on
medicine have been discovered from ancient
Greek medicine and Roman medicine,
Ayurveda medicine, Babylonian medicine,
Classical medicine and ancient Egyptian
medicine. Medicine includes various types of
health practices evolved to maintain and
restore health. It is obtained from natural
sources or synthetic chemicals. [4] states that,
medicines can be classified as traditional
medicine and modern medicine. Traditional
medicines are purely based on a natural way of
treatment for all illness. These medicines are
derived from plants and animals, besides that
they are not usually processed. Modern
medicines are being spread on biomedical
science, genetics and medical technology,
1
 B.More./DJ International Journal of Medical Research, Vol. 1(1), 2016 pp. 1-8
which are used to diagnose, treat and prevent
injury and illness. One of the main medical
processes in modern medicines is surgery.
There are many new biological treatments
being developed by using medicine and opened
a new career for both women and men as
nurses/compounders and physicians. These
advances along with the growth in chemistry,
genetics and lab technology led to modern
medicine. [5].
2. EVOLUTION OF MEDICINE
[6] discussed about the prehistoric
medicine, which refers to the medicine used by
the living beings before they were able to read
and write. It covers the vast period that varies
according to their cultures and region. The
prehistoric people have used medicinal herbs
and it is also called anthropologists. The herbs
and substance derived from natural sources are
used as prehistoric medicine. Nomadic tribes
have had access to a wider range of materials.
Some of the prehistoric medicinal methods are
as follows[7].
 Yarrow is the scientific name of
Achillea Millefolium and this can be
also called as an astringent. This
medicine is used for the treatment of
contraction of tissues and help to
reduce bleeding. It also promotes
sweating and a mild aroma. It may be
used for wounds, abrasions and cuts.
 Mallow is one of the prehistoric
medicines, which is prepared as a
herbal infusion for its colon cleansing
properties.
 Rosemary is a fragrant evergreen
medicine native of Mediterranean. It
has been used in ancient times for its
medicinal properties. It contains a
good source of iron, calcium and
vitamin B6. The ancient people
prepared it as a dried powdered
extract. Traditionally, this medicine
has been used to serve and alleviate
muscle pain, promote hair growth,
improving digestion, fight against
radical damage in the brain, etc. But
now this medicine is exclusively used
for cancer disease in the Ayurveda
treatment.
 The BirchPolypore is an ancient
medicine and this is commonly seen in
European countries. This plant can
induce diarrhoea when ingested into
2
the body. This plant is used in laxative
medicine.
The women in the prehistoric period
have collected and administrated herbal
remedies and they were in charge of treating
sickness and keeping their families healthy.
The ancient people were not educated, but they
had very good knowledge about the benefits
and harms of several medicines and used those
herb medicines for various diseases. All the
ancient medicines are still being continuing
and used for various illnesses.
[8] explains that the root of modern
medicine is from ancient Greece. Greeks
believed that treatment is a god of healing. If a
person has suffered from illness, they offer
them to god during ancient times. They had
believed that god would visit them in their
sleep and give a healing method. At the same
time Greeks developed a medical school in the
country. Then, Greek doctors developed a
rational theory of disease and sought cures.
Ancient Greek people believed in herbal
remedies. After that, the doctors of Greece
found that the human body is made up of
elements. Basically, living beings are balanced
and health, if they become unbalanced they
become ill.
[9] states that, Hippocrates is the
founder of western medicine and also
considered as the greatest physician of ancient
times. He used his medical practice for
observation and also for the study of the
human body. He found that illness has a
physical and a rational explanation. He
prepared a document depicting several diseases
and disorders. He followed a natural way of
treatment which contained natural medicines
only. Today, most of the doctors are following
his treatment mode by means of the available
documents. Aristotle and Plato are the Greek
doctors who started research in finding an
internal part of the human body in a systematic
way. [10] Doctors follow the Hippocratic book
and carry out their treatment to find the
diseases and cure it. They have preferred only
the natural mode of treatment. They become
experts in herbalists and prescribed their
patients only natural remedies and made a
good result in the medical field. Finally, they
were convinced that the best way of healing is
by using the natural method. But this method
takes more time to cure diseases and also death
rate was high in case of diseases such as
cancer, brain tumour, etc. Due to several
 B.More./DJ International Journal of Medical Research, Vol. 1(1), 2016 pp. 1-8
reasons, the medical researchers have made
some changes in the medical field, thereby
using some kind of chemical drug sediments
instead of natural method. A new era started by
this in the field of medical history.
[11] In the 19th century, many
hospitals were established. At first a chemical
mustard gas has found and it reduced white
blood cells. Then insulin was found, which is
used for the treatment of diabetes allowing
diabetic patients to survive after diagnosis. In
the same period penicillin was produced
massively. Antibiotics were also provided to
the patients, during that period. The first polio
medicine was licensed in the 19th century and
this act was enacted by congress. This polio
medicine has been given to the children since
1990 resulting in their protection from various
diseases. In this century the laser treatment has
established and is used in eye disorder. The
first test tube baby was born in 1978 and this
has made a remarkable achievement in the
medical field. The medicine called Prozac was
also developed in the 19th century and it
helped the treatment of various kinds of mental
illness. In this century the overall cancer death
rate has begun to fall due to the arrival of
cancer medicines and advance treatments. A
new generation of anti-psychotic drugs are
introduced. These drugs prove more effective
in treating mental disorders and have very few
side effects.
[12] In the 20th century, FDA
developed the first drug medicine to target a
specific gene mutation. Later a complete
human genome was published. In 2006, a
vaccine was developed to prevent cervical
cancer owing to human papillomavirus. This
medicine made huge advances in the 20th
century. Besides that, surgical methods gained
prominence. The most difficult surgery is
expected to be on the brain and the heart. Both
of these are being slowly developed in this
century. The treatment for infertility also
enhanced in the late 20th century. In this
century, the medical fields continue to be
developed and establish many advanced
methods of medical treatment for various
diseases. These advanced treatments are based
on the history of medicine.
3. IMPORTANCE OF MEDICINE
[13] The existence of human life and
the diseases striking go hand in hand and it has
remained so from the beginning of the world.
3
At first the natural way of treatment was the
most preferable one by people, but in rare
cases the natural way of treatment delivers
favourable changes in body and also promotes
health although most of the cases, natural way
of treatment doesn’t help. As a result, human
life was very short-lived. [14] states that the
present stages of medicine is entirely different,
but it follows the same ancient concept with
some chemical advantages. These medicinal
ways relate the most common curable diseases.
These medicinal ways of treatment doesn’t
have much regimen and it is a well-established
standard of leading life in a certain manner.
Therefore, these medical aliments don’t make
any trouble to human beings. These
achievements are a boon of medical science.
Medicine is not only mean tablets but also is
knowledge in health science. Its sole aim is to
prevent and alleviate the ill effect of a disease.
[15] Every day, millions of people are
using medicines for curing diabetes, blood
pressure, body pain and fever. Today there is
medicine for every disease. People are getting
better life through the medical treatment. The
study of medicine is the study of theory of
living beings, healthy life through the tablets,
syrups, exercises and other identical means.
The medicine has tendency to identify the
diseases causing agents and also has the curing
capacity. Thus, it is possible to provide a
complete immunity from uncontrollable factors
of environment. The significance of studying
medicine and pursing more improvement is
quite important. The efforts in medical fields
are focusing on the best treatment way of
curing diseases and add to the healthy lifestyle
of a living being. The modern way of medical
research attempts is mainly focused to nullify
the side effect of medical drugs and making
everyone lives even more secure[16].
4. MEDICINE IN VARIOUS FIELDS
[17] Due to sickness, diseases and
illness, people wouldn’t have been so
privileged. The diseases can be treated by
using various kinds of treatment options
available. Selecting the best treatment option
for a specific disease could be really confusing
due to the merits and demerits of the existing
treatment methodologies such as
Allopathy, Homeopathy, Ayurveda and
Siddha. Some of these methodologies are
reviewed as follows.
 B.More./DJ International Journal of Medical Research, Vol. 1(1), 2016 pp. 1-8
4.1. Allopathy Medicine
[18] describes that, the word allopathy
is derived from the Greek word which states
that “other than disease”. This treatment
methodology follows the western therapeutic
framework and it spread all over the world. It
is fundamentally a drug oriented methodology
and lies upon three techniques such as
hypothesis, experimentation and the outcome
of the experiment. [19] The allopathic doctors
are only concentrating on the symptoms of a
disease and don’t concentrate on the causes of
those symptoms. They provide pills containing
drugs for each disease, made only to cure the
disease and not cure the root causes of disease.
The effectiveness of allopathic medicines is
very helpful during an emergency and save
many peoples’ life all around the world.
[20] highlighted that, the main
demerits of allopathy medicines are inherent
side effects. The medicines which are used in
the allopathic treatment is aimed to cure only
the particular disease, and at the same time
gives birth to another disease in the body. For
example, people are using allopathic medicine
including paracetamol pill to cure fever. This
medicine eventhough cure the fever, causes
some allergic reaction in face, lips, tongue or
throat and harmful effects such as jaundice,
stomach pain (period pain) and affect liver.
4.2.Homeopathy medicine
According to [21], homeopathy is the
name of the medical field which is derived
from a Greek word. In science its meaning is
“Like Disease”. The homeopathy treatment
mode is a way of substances that identifies the
symptoms of a disease and have a curative
effect on a sick person, when the medicine is
given in very dilute quantities. The
homeopathic treatment has been established in
the 18th century and has proven to be effective,
curative and safe. It holds the natural response
system of the body by attacking the root causes
of diseases and also encourages the symptoms
of healing. Hence this method of treatment has
the power to completely cure an illness.
[22] The homeopathic medicines are
non-toxic and don’t have any deities. This
medicine can enhance the immunity power of
the body. It uses very small doses of medicine
that stimulate the immune system of the body
which helps in healing the diseases of the
patients naturally. The treatment is based on to
cure disease as per their individual needs. The
4
homeopathic doctor concentrates on to cure the
patient’s disease not only physically, but also
mentally and emotionally. The homeopathic
treatment is very effective in many medical
conditions such as headache, infections,
allergies, cold, flu, heart disease, diabetes,
nervous and respiratory disorder etc. [23]
states that homeopathic is typically called as a
nontoxic natural way and it uses very small
quantities of medicine which contains a
curative form of side effect. The homeopathic
treatment gives importance to yoga and
meditation. It makes a good treatment option
for children. The main disadvantages of using
this medicine are, it would take some time to
cure the diseases and also it doesn’t always
help during emergency conditions.
4.3. Ayurveda medicine
[24] discussed about the overview of
Ayurveda medicine. The term Ayurveda is
derived from Sanskrit word and it means
science or knowledge. According to science, it
means “The knowledge of Life”. Ayurvedic
way of treatment is a science of natural healing
because it uses purely natural medicines such
as herbs, vegetables and flowers. It follows
that the five elements such as water, earth, air,
space and fire form the human body.
Ayurveda believed that body, mind and spirit
are connected to each other. This treatment
mainly dealt with the root cause of all diseases
and gives permanent cure. Besides that, it also
provides permanent immunity power to the
body. [25] When compared to the homeopathic
medicine, it has very good power to cure
diseases such as cancer, diabetics, etc., through
purely natural way and it is proven. This
medicine is the mother of all the medication
and each type of medication is derived from
this Ayurveda medicinal science.
[26] states that, most of the people
believed that Ayurvedic medicine doesn’t have
any side effect, but it is wrong. It has some
side effect, if the patient do not properly follow
the methodology. The patient’s body response
on Ayurveda medicine may depend on several
factors containing a selection of drug, age and
chronicity. The main limits are it would take a
long time to cure, which is depending on the
imbalance power of the patient. [27] explains
that, all the medicine method such as allopathy
medicine, homeopathy medicine
and ayurveda medicine have their own
advantages and disadvantages and the choice
 B.More./DJ International Journal of Medical Research, Vol. 1(1), 2016 pp. 1-8
depend on the disease, cause of
illness, possible ways of treatment, etc. It is
important to know that one form of medication
method may be effective for a particular
person for a particular disease at a particular
time, but couldn’t use all the medicinal way at
the same time.
4.4. Siddha medicine
[28] states that, siddha medicine is
very unique in southern India. This medicine is
purely made from nature. It is an evolution of
the yogic science. Siddha medicine is very
different from ayurvedic medicine. This
medicine is very much closer to the body’s
energy system. Siddha medicine is not oriented
to the diseases, but it is oriented to the health.
Siddha medicine is not available in a wide
range because it doesn’t enter the treatment of
every disease. It is mainly focused on
strengthening the inner parts of the body and
activating the body in a certain way. Due to
this reason, the siddha medicine is not very
popular as much as ayurvedic medicine.
5. OVERVIEW OF TRADITIONAL AND
MODERN MEDICINE
[29] states that the traditional medicine
systems have a much longer history than the
modern medicine and they are a significant
part of the recorded history. The traditional
medicine is also called folk medicine that
explains the medicinal knowledge systems,
which has developed over generations. It is the
knowledge of skills and practices that are used
for treatment of illness physically and mentally
and motivate the health of the patients. The
traditional medicines are being followed by
various medicinal methodologies such as
ancient Iranian medicine, traditional Chinese
medicine, Islamic medicine, Ayurveda
medicine, Siddha medicine and Unani. This
method use herbal medicine from the
vegetables, steam, leaf, roots and flowers of
plants for all disease treatment and this
medical treatment cure root causes of the
diseases, but takes long time. Traditional
medicinal plants are mostly collected from
natural vegetation. [30] Some of the medical
plants contain alkaloids that can be toxic to the
liver. The study of traditional medicine covers
herbalism, ethnobotany, medical anthropology
and ethnomedicine. The traditional medicines
also employ home remedies and cure some
diseases in our home itself without consulting
5
any doctor. Nowadays all the diseases have
home remedies which are available in the
internet. The traditional medicine was
developed during the ancient period.
[31] reported about the modern
medicinal treatment that includes many fields
of science and practice. Nowadays, modern
medicines are advanced in detecting and
treating several dangerous diseases such as
cancer, brain tumor, etc. Modern medicines
find their application in treating many
accidental cases and protect many person lives.
The modern medical treatments are
medications, clinical practice, healthcare
science, surgery and medical devices. Modern
scientific medicine is extremely developed all
over the world. It is an artificial mode of
medicine usually named as allopathy medicine
[32]. The modern medicine contains drug pills
and it focusses only on curing the diseases.
The chemical substances are used for treatment
and prevention of disease. In the modern
world, people first prefer modern medicine for
each and every disease. The modern medicines
are best for treating the patients in dangerous
situations and also for giving first aid. This
medicine has been spread all over the world.
Currently there are more than thousands of
allopathy hospitals running all over the world.
The medical scientific courses are being
developed around the world. The medicine for
many diseases discovered by medical
scientists, thereby saves a large number of
people from dangerous diseases and [33].
[34] The main difference between the
modern and traditional medicine is the way of
observation of all diseases. Modern medicine
easily cures the diseases, but it doesn’t prevent
the root of causing diseases. It also has the side
effect which establishes more diseases in the
living being’s body. Modern medicine is
effective during the critical condition such as
accidents, minor attacks and other accidental
cases. The traditional medicine also contains
some side effects and it takes long time to cure
the diseases, but it destroys the root of causing
diseases. The traditional medicines are not
always helpful in the case of dangerous
diseases. [35] Both medicines have some
merits and demerits. It all depends on the
scientific, medical knowledge and believe of
the people. Everyone is focused on wellness of
overall health and successful elimination of
diseases from the human body.
 B.More./DJ International Journal of Medical Research, Vol. 1(1), 2016 pp. 1-8

6. CONCLUSION 795,
In this review article, it is concluded http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1500
that the usage of medicine is to cure diseases 523.
and relieve from pain. Traditional medicine [6] Erwin H.Ackerknecht and Lisa
and modern medicine are the two types of Haushofer, A Short History of
medicinal ways of treatment followed by the Medicine, Johns Hopkins University
people, which are analysed in this paper. Both press, Maryland, 2016, pp. 1-160.
types of medicine have undesirable side [7] Robert L.Perlman, Evolution and
effects. The ultimate goal of all medicines Medicine, Perspectives in Biology and
could help patients to live long, functional and Medicine, Vol. 56, No. 2, 2013, pp.
satisfactory, pain relief and symptoms free life. 167-183.
The medicine could be taken with the correct [8] Robert Perlman, Evolution and
amount and use right medicine for all diseases Medicine, Oxford University Press,
in order to avoid drug abusing side effect. The UK, 2013, pp. 1-159.
entire medical field can adopt the principles of [9] J.O.Stanley, Presidential Inauguration
evidence based medicine and so it may be Speech: The Evolution of Medicine,
possible to minimize the side effect and also Missouri Medicine, 2015, Vol. 112,
maximize the benefits of scientific research for No. 3, 228-239.
patient care. Moreover, further development [10] Erin Sullivan, Culture, Literature, and
can be taken in the entire medical field to the History of Medicine, Medical
improve the treatment method and also carry History, Vol. 55, No. 4, 2011, pp.
out some scientific medical research for 541–548.
medicine and treatment of some incurable [11] Simon Chaplin, Why Creating a
diseases. In future, the medical field may Digital Library for the History of
achieve a further standard level in the Medicine is Harder than You’d Think,
treatment method and might be paid with the Medical History, Vol. 60, No. 1, 2016,
well-being of everyone’s life. pp. 126–129.
[12] R.M.Nesse, The Importance of
REFERENCES Evolution for Medicine. Evolutionary
[1] Benjamin Goldberg, Evan R.Ragland Medicine, Oxford University Press,
and Peter Distelzweig, Introduction, New York, 2008, pp. 416-432.
Early Modern Medicine and Natural [13] Sanjeev Krishna, Leyla Bustamante,
Philosophy, Vol. 14, 2016, pp 1-15, Richard K.Haynes and Henry
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017- M.Staines, Artemisinins: their growing
7353-9_1. importance in medicine, Trends in
[2] Barry Halliwell, John M.C.Gutteridge, Pharmacological Sciences, Vol. 29,
Free Radicals in Biology and No. 10, 2008, pp. 520–527.
Medicine, Oxford University Press, [14] Asu Erden, Focus: Personalized
UK, 2015, pp. 1-823. Medicine, Yale Journal of Biology and
[3] Simon J.Williams and Michael, Medicine, Vol. 88, No. 4, 2015.
Modern Medicine: Lay Perspectives [15] Robert F.Kushner and Jeffrey
and Experiences, Routledge Talyor I.Mechanick, The Importance of
and Francis Group, London, 2013, pp. Healthy Living and Defining Lifestyle
2-265. Medicine, Lifestyle Medicine, 2016,
[4] Gillian R.Bentley, Applying pp. 9-15,
Evolutionary Thinking in http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-
Medicine: An Introduction, 24687-1_2.
Evolutionary Thinking in Medicine, [16] David L.Armstrong, An Outline of
2016, pp 1-16, Sociology as Applied to Medicine,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319- Wright, London, 2015, pp. 1-136.
29716-3_1. [17] Alessandro Buriani, Maria L.Garcia-
[5] Francis S.Collins and Harold Varmus, Bermejo, EnricaBosisio, QiheXu,
A New Initiative on Precision Huige Li and Xuebin Dong, Omic
Medicine, The New England Journal Techniques in Systems Biology
of Medicine, Vol. 372, 2015, pp. 793- Approaches to Traditional Chinese

6
 B.More./DJ International Journal of Medical Research, Vol. 1(1), 2016 pp. 1-8

Medicine Research: Present and Journal of Engineering Chemistry and

Future, Journal of Fuel, Vol. 1, No. 3, 2016, pp. 8-16,
Ethnopharmacology, Vol. 140, No. 3, http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.18831/djchem.
2012, pp. 535–544, org/2016031002.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2012.01 [26] Parasuraman Subramani, Thing Gan
.055. Siaw, Dhanaraj Sokkalingam
[18] Marc S.Micozzi, Fundamentals of Arumugam, Polyherbal Formulation:
Complementary and Alternative Concept of Ayurveda, Vol. 8, No. 16,
Medicine, Elsevier Saunders, UK, 2014, pp. 73-80.
2015, pp. 3-682. [27] Yogini S.Jaiswal and Leonard
[19] Suchita R.Gawde, Yashashri C.Shetty L.Williams, A Glimpse of Ayurveda –
and Dattatray B.Pawar, Knowledge, The Forgotten History and Principles
Attitude, and Practices toward of Indian Traditional Medicine,
Ayurvedic Medicine Use among Journal of Traditional and
Allopathic Resident Doctors: A Cross- Complementary Medicine, 2016,
Sectional Study at a Tertiary Care http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.
Hospital in India, Perspectives in 02.002
Clinical Research, Vol. 4, No. 3, 2013, [28] Thomas M.Walter, S.Merish and
pp. 175–180, M.Tamizhamuthu, Review of
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2229- Alternanthera Sessilis with Reference
3485.115380. to Traditional Siddha Medicine,
[20] Allan Young, The Anthropologies of International Journal of
Illness and Sickness, Annual Review Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical
of Anthropology, Vol. 11, 1982, pp. Research, Vol. 6, No. 2, 2014, pp. 249-
257-285. 254.
[21] E.Rossi, M.Picchi, Marialessandra Pan [29] Godfrey B.Tangwa, Traditional
ozzo, M.Di Stefano and S.Baccetti, Medicine, Living Reference Work
Integration of Homeopathy and Entry-Encyclopedia of Global
Complementary Medicine in the Bioethics, 2015, pp. 1-8.
Public Health System in [30] Ikram, Raja Rina Raja, Mohd Khanapi
Italy: National Regulation and Abd Ghani and Noraswaliza Abdullah,
Regional Experiences, Journal of An Analysis of Application of Health
Medicine and the Person, Vol. Informatics in Traditional Medicine: A
13, No. 1, 2015, pp. 45-54. Review of four Traditional Medicine
[22] Glenn J.Whelan, Homeopathy in the Systems, International Journal of
Treatment of Allergic Diseases, Medical Informatics, Vol. 84, No. 11,
Encyclopedia of Medical Immunology, 2015, pp. 988-996.
2014, pp. 360-365, [31] H.Yuan, Q.Ma, L.Ye, G.Piao, The
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614- Traditional Medicine and Modern
9194-1_251. Medicine from Natural
[23] Maria Sagi, The New Homeopathy: A Products. Molecules, Vol. 21,
New Paradigm in Information 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molec
Medicine, World Futures: The Journal ules21050559.
of New Paradigm Research, Vol. [32] Sina Houshmand, Saeid Gholami, Ali
72, No. 1-2, 2016, pp. 53-68, Salavati and Abass Alavi, The Role of
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02604027.20 Positron Emission Tomography-
16.1143292. Computed Tomography/Magnetic
[24] Sharma, Chakrapany, Antibiotic Resonance Imaging in Modern
Resistant Organism: An Emerging Medicine, Frontiers in Biomedical
Public Health Problem and Role of Technologies, Vol. 1, No. 3, 2014.
Ayurveda (An Overview), [33] Yvan Touitou, Erhard Haus, Biologic
International Journal of Ayurveda and Rhythms in Clinical and Laboratory
Pharma Research, Vol. 2, No. 1, 2015. Medicine, Springer-Verlag, New York,
[25] J.Abitha, Role of Antioxidants, Anti- 212, pp. 1-713.
Carcinogens and Anti-Mutagens, DJ

7
 B.More./DJ International Journal of Medical Research, Vol. 1(1), 2016 pp. 1-8

[34] Fazlin Mohd Fauzi, Alexios

Koutsoukas, Robert Lowe, Kalpana
Joshi, Tai-Ping Fan, Robert
C.Glen and Andreas Bender, Linking
Ayurveda and Western Medicine by
Integrative Analysis, Journal of
Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine,
No. 4, Vol. 2, 2013, pp. 117–119,
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-
9476.113882.
[35] Merrijoy Kelner, Beverly Wellman,
Complementary and Alternative
Medicine: Challenge and Change,
Routledge Taylor and Francis Group,
2014, pp. 25-255.

View publication stats