THE DEVELOPMENT OF

MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY
 THE EARLY BEGINNINGS
In the year 460 B.C. when the Greek,
physician Hippocrates aka the Father of
Medicine formulated the famous
Hippocratic Oath, the code of ethics
for practicing physicians
Hippocrates described four "humors"
or body fluids in man
Four Humors: Blood, Phlegm, Yellow Bile
and Black Bile
These four humors or body fluids were
felt to be the source of a person's
disposition and disease in ancient times
Urine was regarded as a composite of
these humors
Visual examination of urine at the
bedside could diagnose illness
Urinalysis has been passed down from
the ancient times and is regarded as
the oldest of laboratory procedures
today
Polyuria of diabetes was also noted in
ancient times as early as 600 B.C.
A Hindu physician recorded the sweet
taste of diabetic urine.
VIVIAN HERRICK
Traces the beginning of
medical technology back to
1500 BC when instestinal
parasites such as TAENIA and
ASCARIS were mentioned in
early writings
 EBERS PAPYRUS
 A book for treatment of diseases
contains description of the three
stages of hookworm infection and
the disease it could produce to
human.
RUTH WILLIAMS
Believes that medical technology
began from the MEDIEVAL PERIOD
(1096-1438) as supported by the fact
that urinalysis was a fad
Early Hindu doctors made the
“SCIENTIFIC OBSERVATION” that the
urine of certain individuals attract ants,
and that such urine has a sweetish
taste.
QUACKS, calling themselves doctors
reaped fortunes from diagnosing
diseases by the appearance of the
urine
ANNE FAGELSON (14th Century )
Believe that medical technology
began when a prominent Italian
physician at the University of
Bologna employed ALESSANDRA
GILIANI to perform different tasks in
the laboratory now under the
domain of the medical technology.
Unfortunately, this young lady died
from a laboratory acquired infection
ANTONIE VAN LEEUWENHOEK
(1632-1723)

Invented and Improved the

compound microscope
The first to describe red
blood cells, to see protozoa,
and to classify bacteria
according to shape
Invention of the microscope
led to the rapid progress of
microbiology and pathology
MALPHIGI ( 1628-1694)
Described as the “GREATEST” of the
early microscopist
His work on EMBRYOLOGY and
ANATOMY definitely marked him as
“THE FOUNDER OF PATHOLOGY”

RUDOLPH VIRCHOW (1847)

One of the youngest medical
specialists
Founded the ARCHIVES OF
PATHOLOGY in BERLIN
HERMANN FEHLING
 Performed the FIRST QUANTITATIVE
TEST in URINE SUGAR in 1848

MIDDLE OF 15th CENTURY

Aniline Dyes were used in staining
microorganisms
Bacterial staining and microscopic
study on bacteria were made
possible
 The History of Medical Technology in
the US
Emergence of clinical laboratories in
the US occurred in the late 19th
century due to advances in medical
sciences
DR. WILLIAM H. WELCH
Established another laboratory at the
Bellevue Hospital Medical College(1878)
Gave the first laboratory course in
pathology ever offered in an American
Medical School
Became the first professor of pathology
at John Hopkins University(1885)
FIRST CLINICAL LABORATORY

Opened in 1896 at JOHN HOPKINS

HOSPITAL by DR. WILLIAM OSLER

routine examinations were carried out,

special attention being given to the
search for malarial parasites in the
blood

A clinical laboratory was also opened

at the UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA in
1896 (WILLIAM PEPPER LABORATORY)
DR. JAMES C. TODD (1908)

wrote the book : A MANUAL

OF CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS
Retitled “ CLINICAL
DIAGNOSIS BY LABORATORY
METHODS” , in its 19th Edition
The book became the
standard reference for
laboratories
1900 CENSUS

100 technicians, all male were

employed in the UNITED STATES.

This increased to 3500 in 1920

In 1922, 3035 hospitals had

CLINICAL LABORATORIES
1915
 State legislature of Pennsylvania enacted a
law requiring all hospitals and institutions to
have an adequate laboratory and to
employ a full time laboratory technician
WORLD WAR 1
It was an impact factor in the growth of
clinical laboratory and produced a great
demand for technicians
Demand for technicians in clinical
laboratories continued, so practicing
physicians with knowledge on laboratory
works began to teach their assistants to do
some of the tests for them
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
 One of the First schools for training
laboratory workers was established
 A course bulletin titled : “COURSES IN
MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY FOR CLINICAL AND
LABORATORY TECHNICIANS” was issued in
1922
 They were the FIRST to offer a DEGREE LEVEL
PROGRAM in 1923

1931
DENVER SOCIETY OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGISTS
were organized

1936
AMERICAN BOARD OF PATHOLOGY established
WORLD WAR 2
Marked effects in laboratory
medicine
The use of blood increased and
the “closed system” of blood
collection was widely used.
Instrumentation advanced and
these instruments paved the
measurement of the intensity of
color produced.
Automated equipment appeared
and quality control programs
became common
 THE HISTORY OF MEDICAL
TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES
MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY PRACTICE WAS
INTRODUCED BY:
THE 26TH MEDICAL INFANTRY OF THE 6TH US
ARMY

First Clinical Laboratory in the Philippines

 QUIRICADA ST., Sta. CRUZ, MANILA
(PUBLIC HEALTH LABORATORY: a division of
the Manila Health Department)
The 6th US army left the
laboratory on June 1945
The laboratory was endorsed to
the National Department of
Health, but the department
didn’t seem to be interested in
pursuing the objectives of the
laboratory
The 2nd World War ended on
September 1945 and barely, a month
later
Laboratory was formerly reorganized
by Dr. Pio de Roda and assisted by Dr.
Mariano Icasiano who was then the
Manila City Health Officer
Laboratory was later named Manila
Public Health Laboratory
A training program for individuals aspiring
to become laboratory workers was
offered in 1947 by Dr. Pio de Roda in
collaboration with Dra. Prudencia Sta.
Ana
Trainees were mostly high school
graduates and paramedical graduates
Training proved to be ineffective
because the trainees were never
motivated and there was no program
that was supposed to last for a set
period of time and no certificates were
issued to the trainees
Dr. Pio de Roda instructed Dra. Sta. Ana
to prepare a formal syllabus of the
training program
In 1954, the training began using a
syllabus and it was to last 6 months. A
short while after Dr. Briones joined he
two.
The training program offered by Dr. Pio
de Roda did not last long because
during that same year, the formal
education of Medical Technology in
the Philippines began.
 THE BEGINNING OF MEDICAL
TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION IN THE
PHILIPPINES
The first 4 year BS degree course in Medical
Technology was offered by the Philippine
Union College (now Adventist University of
the Philippines) in 1954 through its sister
establishment, Manila Sanitarium
After 2 years, the said school graduated its
very first graduate, Dr. Jesse Umali who
became an Obstetrician-Gynecologist and
owner of Omega Laboratory located in Vito
Cruz,Manila
Dr. Antonio Gabriel and Dr. Gustavo
U. Reyes(S.Y. 1957-1958)
Faculty of Pharmacy of the University
of Santo Tomas
offered medical technology as an
elective to 4th and 5th year B.S.
Pharmacy students
Rev. Fr. Lorenzo Rodriguez
decided to offer Medical Technology
as a course.
June 17, 1957
Temporary permit was issued by the
Department of Education for 1st to 3rd
year students
June 1960
Permit for the internship program was
issued
June 14, 1961
Full recognition of the 4 year BS
Medical Technology course was given
In Centro Escolar University, Mrs.
Purificacion Sunico-Suaco undertook
feasibility study for the offering of
Medical Technology course.
Proposal was granted permission by
the University president back then,
Carmen de Luna.
In 1962, it produced its 1st batch of
graduates
 Far Easter University followed in establishing a
school for Medical Technology. It was
initiated by the late Dr. Horacio A. Ylagan
and Dr. Serafin J. Juliano.
 In 1961, the idea was brought to the Advisory
Council of the University, hence, by the
authority granted by the late Dr. Lauro H.
Panganiban, dean of the Institute of
Medicine and Dr. Jesus Nolasco, Secretary of
the Institute, the FEU School of Medical
Technology was finally opened in 1962 under
the joint auspices of the Institute of Medicine
(now known as Nicanor Reyes Medical
Foundation) and Institute of Arts and
Sciences
The Bureau of Education approved
the program in July 5, 1962
It produced its first graduates in 1963
 POST GRADUATE STUDIES
Offered to B.S. Medical Technology
graduates
MS in Medical Technology
UST Graduate School
Philippine Women’s University
MS in Public Health
University of the Philippines
The Philippine Association of Schools of
Medical Technology and Public Health
(PASMETH), Inc
PASMETH
 is the national organization of all
recognized schools and colleges
of Medical Technology and
Public Health in the Philippines.
 Established in 1970,PASMETH has
continually provided service to improve
the quality of education in the country in
the field of clinical laboratory science.
Purpose
PASMETH is the national organization
of all recognized schools of Medical
Technology in the Philippines.
It was formed in 1970 in the hopes of
maintaining the highest standards of
MedicalTechnology/Public Health educ
ation and to foster closer relations
among these schools.
On May 13, 1970, Director Narciso
Albarracin of the Department of
Education appointed Dr. Serafin
Juliano from the Far Eastern University
and Dr. Gustavo Reyes from the
University of Santo Tomas to organize
an association of Deans/Heads of
Schools of Medical Technology and
Hygiene.
The first organizational meeting was
held at the University of Santo Tomas
on June 22, 1970.
 The first sets of officers were:
President - Dr. Gustavo Reyes
Vice-President - Dr. Serafin Juliano
Secretary/Treasurer Dr. Velia Trinidad
Press Relations Officer - Dr. Faustino Sunico
 The first annual meeting was held at
the University of Santo Tomas on May 07, 1971.
The first set of officers was reelected for a
second term on April 30,1972.
 For the school year 1972-1973, the elected
officers were:
President - Dr. Gustavo Reyes
Vice-President - Dr. Claro Cabrera
Secretary/Treasurer - Dr. Elvira Silva
Press Relations Officer - Dr. Faustino Sunico
THE ROSTER OF PASMETH PRESIDENTS THROUGH THE
YEARS ARE AS FOLLOWS:
Dr. Gustavo Reyes (1970-1973)
Dr. Ibarra Panopio (1973-1974)
Dr. Angelita Adeva (1974-1977)
Dr. Elizabeth del Rio (1977-1980)
Dr. Gustavo Reyes (1980-1981)
Dr. Claro Cabrera (1981-1982)
Dr. Elizabeth del Rio (1982-1983)
Dr. Norma Lerma (1983-1984)
Dr. Vivencio Torres (1984-1985)
Prof. Nardito Moraleta (1985-1988)
Dean Norma Chang (1988-1995)
Prof. Rodolfo Rabor (1995-2000)
Dr. Nini Lim (2000-2002)
Dean Zenaida Cajucom (2002-2010)
Dr. Magdalena Natividad (2010-2012)
Dean Bernard Ebuen (2012 to present)
It was formally registered with the
Securities and Exchange Commission
on October 6, 1985 thru the
Committee on Legislation chaired by
Mr. Cirilo S. Cajucom with the help of
a legal counsel, Atty. Dexter Bihis.
PASMETH Accomplishments
1. Continuing professional education
program for MT faculty
2. Preparation of standard curriculum for
BSMT
3. Preparation of standard course syllabi
for professional subjects in MT
4. Scholarship grant for MT students
5. Community outreach projects
6. Recognition to graduates of BSMT
course (PASMETH Gold Medal for
Excellence Award)
7. Accreditation as CPE Provider for MT
 The Philippine Association of
Medical Technologists (PAMET)

PAMET is the national organization of all

registered MT in the Philippines.
It was originally organized on
September 15, 1963 by Mr. Crisanto G.
Almario at the Public Health Laboratory
in Sta. Cruz, Manila.
Mr. Crisanto G. Almario,
"THE FATHER OF PAMET"
It had its first convention and election
of officers on September 20, 1964 at
the Far Eastern University wherein Mr.
Charlemagne Tamondong became
the first President.
It was incorporated and registered at
the Securities mid Exchange
Commission on October 14, 1969 with
Reg. No. 39570, during the presidency
of Mr. Nardito D. Moraleta.
On June 21, 1969, R.A. 5527 also known
as the Philippine Medical Technology
Act was enacted into law.
On June 22, 1973, P.D.223 was approved
creating the Professional Regulation
Commission (PRC). PAMET was officially
recognized as the only Accredited
Professional Organization (APO) of
registered Medical Technologists in the
Philippines.
PAMET is a national body with forty-six
(46) chapters nationwide totaling to
more than twelve thousand (12,000)
members.
 PAMET is affiliated with other local professional
associations namely:
Council Of Professional Health Associations
(COPHA)
Philippine Federation of Professional
Associations (PFPA)
Council of Health Agencies (CHAP) and
Philippine Council for Quality Assurance in
Clinical Laboratories (PCQACL).
 Internationally, PAMET is affiliated with:
ASEAN Association of Clinical Laboratory
Sciences (AACLS),
Asia Association of Medical Laboratory
Scientists (AAMLS),
International Federation of Biomedical
Laboratory Scientists (IFBLS) and
Asia-Pacific Federation of Clinical
Biochemistry (APFCB)
 The Legacy of PAMET Presidents
Charlemagne T. Tamondong
"Emergence of the Profession"
(1963-1967)

Approval of House Bill No. 7682 on May

10, 1965
Nardito D. Moraleta
"Professional Recognition"
(1967-1970)

Father of the profession

Approval of RA 5527
Organized the 1st PAMET chapters
outside Manila (Cebu & Baguio)
Registration of PAMET with the IAMT
on May 28, 1970.
Organized the council of MT
Education in 1969
Felix E. Asprer
"Legislative Agenda"
(1970-1971 , 1973-1976)

Worked for the approval of PD498 on

June 28, 1974.
Accreditation of PAMET as a bonafide
organization with the PRC on May 24,
1975.
Organized more PAMET chapters.
Bernardo T. Tabaosares
"Celebration of the Practice"
(1971-1973)

Proclaimed the 3rd week of

September as the Philippine Medical
Technology week
Amendment of Teves Law
Angelina R. Jose
"Career Advocacy"
(1973)

Shortest time of office (8mos.)

Worked for the upgrading of Medical
Technology profession by raising the
professional number from 20 to 3.
Venerable C.V. Oca
"Educational Enhancement"
(1977-1981)

 Monthly seminars for the Continuing -

Professional Education of Medical
Technologists
 Monthly medical missions which offer
free lab services to the less fortunate
Filipino.
 Quiz show
Carmencita P. Acedera
"Image Building"
(1982-1991)

 Intensified civic development of PAMET thru

medical missions
 Active participation and involvement of the
whole PAMET members in all of its activities
 Improvement of the financial status of the
organization
 Closer coordination between PAMET and
PASMETH for the upliftment of the profession
 Publication of the official newspaper of
the association “Lab News” and the
“Philippine Journal of MT”
 Scholarship projects for the children of
qualified PAMET members.
 Placement programs for medical
technology graduates In clinical
laboratories, in medical companies, in
school and in drug companies.
 Proposal of new staffing pattern for
MedTechs, salary scheme, hazard pay,
change in the position of the board of
Medical Technology
Marilyn R. Atienza
"Proactivism"
(1992-1996)

Community service programs

Publication of the official journal and
membership of PAMET to the AAMLS
Inclusion of MedTechs to hazard pay
Norma N. Chang
"International Leadership"
(1997-2000)

Revision of Medical Technologist

Code of Ethics on May 7, 1997
Scholarship of deserving Medical
Technology students sponsored by
Safeguard.
Agnes B. Medenilla
“Organizational Dynamism”
(2001-2002, 2005-2006)

Amendments of RA 5527
House Bill 4742 (Board of MedTech)
Shirley F. Cruzada
"Interdisciplinary Networking"
(2003-2004)

MOA between DOH-NRL for Drug

Testing Training Workshop
Graduate scholarship project for
bonafide PAMET members.
Leila M. Florento
"Beyond Expectations“
Global Perspectives
(2007-2013)

Romeo Joseph J. Ignacio

"Soar Higher through V.O.I.C.E."
Visibility, Oneness, Integrity, Commitment
and Excellence
Golden Celebration
(2013 -2015 )
ROLANDO E. PUNO
Empowerment
2015-present
a. Rudolph Virchow k. Hermann Fehling
b. Malpighi l. Philippine Union College
c. William Hewson m. RA 5527
d. Frederick Dekker n. RA 7719
e. Jean Baptiste van Helmont o. RA 8504
f. Ruth Williams p. RA 4688
g. Ebers Papyrus q. Quiricada St., Sta. Cruz, Manila
h. Vivian Herrick r. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek
i. Urinalysis s. RA 9165
j. Hippocrates t. RA 9288