DESIGNING INSTRUCTIONAL

MATERIAL AND VISUAL

AIDS

OVERVIEW OF
INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL
WHAT ARE INSTRUCTIONAL
MATERIAL?

Devices that helps learners to comprehend

information
Forms of communication of information
Documents that support teaching and learning
EXAMPLE OF INSTRUCTIONAL
MATERIAL

Attendance sheets Charts/Flip Chart

Handouts Posters
Presentations Instructional guides
Media/Technology (e.g. Checklists
videos, podcasts, computer, Case studies
software tools) Assessment Rubrics
Simulations Quizzes
Job Aids Post-tests
Graphic Organizers
 1 Example
Using Existing Material
Use part of a video that involves
Copy a sticky Copy a sticky
demonstration
note, then of a process or note, then
write yoursuch as computer/software
procedure, write your
It is important to first look thoughts.
skills.
thoughts.

for existing materials,

which can be used or
adapted to fit the needs of
a specific training course. 2 Example

Use a graphic organizer but modify it to

fit the contents of your training course.
GUIDING PRINCIPLES IN MAKING
INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

the instructional materials should reinforce and supplement

the teacher's teaching effort
instructional materials should be appropriate for the physical
considerations and the learning environment
the message imparted by instructional materials must be
accurate, valid, authoritative, up-to-date, state-of-the-art,
appropriate, unbiased, and free of any unintended messages
 THE THREE MAJOR COMPONENTS OF INSTRUCTIONAL
MATERIALS
DELIVERY SYSTEM
The delivery system includes
both the software and the
hardware used in presenting
information.
For instance
the educator giving a lecture
might choose to embellish the
information being presented
by using a delivery system,
such as the combination of
PowerPoint slides (software)
and a computer (hardware).
CONTENT
The content (intended
message) is independent
of the delivery system and
is the actual information
being communicated to
the learner, which might
focus on any topic relevant
to the teaching learning
experience.
PRESENTATION
how information is presented
—is the most important
component for selecting or
developing instructional
materials. However, a
consideration of this aspect of
the media is frequently
ignored. Weston and
Cranston describe the form of
the message as occurring
along a continuum from
concrete (real objects) to
abstract (symbols).
HOW TO DESIGN
INSTRUCTIONAL
MATERIALS?
Remember the process 'ADDIE'
 1 Analyse

2 Design

ADDIE 3 Develop

4 Implement

5 Evaluate
 reference

https://www.slideshare.net/Cardet1/mod6-ppt1-060609ty-2
https://nursekey.com/instructional-materials/
https://educationaltechnology.net/the-addie-model-instructional-
design/