Gene theory Genes encode the programs that build organisms out of molecules.

Genes have two major functions: they provide a description of how proteins are built, and they regulate other genes to determine how much of any given protein will be synthesized at any one time. Genes are contained mostly within chromosomes (some also are found within mitochondria), and are encoded mostly by deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).During reproduction, the genes from the parent organism are passed down to the descendent; if the reproduction is sexual, the descendent receives one copy of every gene from each parent. Elements within the cell continually repair the genome, so that it remains stable. As a result, the descendent organism closely resembles the parent organisms. However, a small fraction of genes are copied with errors, and these allow diversity to develop within a population of organisms. The gene theory is one of the basic principles of biology. The main concept of this theory is that traits are passed from parents to offspring through gene transmission. Genes are located on chromosomes and consist of DNA. They are passed from parent to offspring through reproduction. Biogenesis theory

The theory of biogenesis states that living things can only arise from living things and cannot be spontaneously generated. Learn more about this popular microbiology theory to better understand what it means. Biogenesis is the process of life forms producing other life forms, e.g. a spider lays eggs, which develop into spiders. The term is also used for the assertion that living matter can only be generated by other living matter, in contrast to the hypotheses of biogenesis which hold that life can arise from non-life under suitable circumstances, although these circumstances still remain largely unknown. Until the 19th century, it was commonly believed that life frequently arose from non-life under certain circumstances, a process known as spontaneous generation. This belief was due to the common observation that maggots or mold appeared to arise spontaneously when organic matter was left exposed. It was later discovered that under all these circumstances commonly observed, life only arises from the replication of other living organisms. Biogenesis is also a scientific Law which has no contradictions -this means that evolutionary speculation about spontaneous generation of life from lifeless chemicals is impossible. Cell Theory Definition: The Cell Theory is one of the basic principles of biology. Credit for the formulation of this theory is given to german scientists Theodor Schwann, Matthias Schleiden, and Rudolph Virchow. The Cell Theory states: All living organisms are composed of cells. They may be unicellular or multicellular. The cell is the basic unit of life. Cells arise from pre-existing cells. The modern version of the Cell Theory includes the ideas that: Energy flow occurs within cells. Heredity information (DNA) is passed on from cell to cell. All cells have the same basic chemical composition.