RECURSO DE CLASE

F-GP-12 V1
F.A: 31/01/2022

I. Información General
understand the operation and application of cladistics in the classification and Departamento
Objetivo grouping of living beings according to their evolutionary and morphological Ciencias y Proyectos
characteristics, etc. Ambientales
Grado Nineth (9) Nombre
II. Recurso

Cladistics (/kləˈdɪstɪks/; from Ancient Greek κλάδος (kládos) 'branch’) is an approach to biological classification in
which organisms are categorized in groups ("clades") based on hypotheses of most recent common ancestry. The
evidence for hypothesized relationships is typically shared derived characteristics (synapomorphies) that are not
present in more distant groups and ancestors.
1. By reference to the tree below, which of the following is an accurate statement of relationships? (explain your
answer).

a) A seal is more closely related to a horse than to a whale

b) A seal is more closely related to a whale than to a horse
c) A seal is equally related to a horse and a whale
d) A seal is related to a whale, but is not related to a horse
2. Which of the five marks in the tree below corresponds to the most recent common ancestor of a mushroom and a
sponge?
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F.A: 31/01/2022

Answer:

3. Application problem.
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4. By reference to the tree below, which of the following is an accurate statement of relationships?

a) A green alga is more closely related to a red alga than to a moss

b) A green alga is more closely related to a moss than to a red alga
c) A green alga is equally related to a red alga and a moss
d) A green alga is related to a red alga, but is not related to a moss
5. If you were to add a trout to the phylogeny shown below, where would its lineage attach to the rest of the tree?
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Answer:

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F.A: 31/01/2022

6. a.Which share a common ancestor?

b.Which are more/less closely related?

7. practice the dichotomous keys

Common Name Scientific Name Common Scientific Name

Name
1. dog 8. canary
2. shark 9. oyster
3. rose 10. mosquito
4. skunk 11. mushroom
5. turkey 12. cow
6. dolphin 13. pine tree
7. eagle 14. ivy
A. Find and match the scientific names of the organisms’ common names using the following key:

1. animal go to 2
not an animal go to 11
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2. has wings go to 3
no wings go to 6
3. has feathers go to 4
no feathers Ochloerotatus taeniorhynchus
4. flies high go to 5
does not fly high Meleagris gallopavo

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F-GP-12 V1
F.A: 31/01/2022

5. often yellow Serinus canaria

not yellow Haliaeetus leucocephalus
6. lives in water go to 9
lives on land go to 7
7. has fluffy fur go to 8
no fluffy fur Bos taurus
8. common pet Canis familiaris
not a common pet Mephitis mephitis
9. has fins go to 10
no fins Haematopus ostralegus
10. razor sharp teeth Carcharodon carcharias
pegged, pointy teeth Tursiops truncates
11. green go to 12
not green go to 13
12. grows tall Pinus ponderosa
does not grow tall Rhus toxicodendron
13. can be poisonous Boletus edulis
not poisonous Rosa sylvestris

B. Answer the following questions using the scientific names:

1. Which organisms have a pleasant odor?

2. Which organisms have an unpleasant odor?
3. Which organisms do you see during the holidays?

4. Which organisms possess valuable fashion items?

5. Which organisms are you likely to see on a farm?
6. Which organisms are you likely to see at Sea World?
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