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    yvette
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    Cell type is useful for classifying organisms as either simple or complex. Prokaryotic cells are the simplest type of cell - they lack organelles and a nucleus, have circular DNA floating in the cytoplasm, and are generally smaller than eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are more complex - they have membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria and a nucleus, linear DNA surrounded by a nuclear membrane, and can be multicellular. While both cell types share some similarities like membranes and DNA, cell structure distinguishes prokaryotes as simpler and eukaryotes as more advanced.

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    3. Cell Types

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    Cell type is useful for classifying organisms as either simple or complex. Prokaryotic cells are the simplest type of cell - they lack organelles and a nucleus, have circular DNA floating in the cytoplasm, and are generally smaller than eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are more complex - they have membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria and a nucleus, linear DNA surrounded by a nuclear membrane, and can be multicellular. While both cell types share some similarities like membranes and DNA, cell structure distinguishes prokaryotes as simpler and eukaryotes as more advanced.

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    25 views16 pages

    Cell Types

    Uploaded by

    yvette
    Cell type is useful for classifying organisms as either simple or complex. Prokaryotic cells are the simplest type of cell - they lack organelles and a nucleus, have circular DNA floating in the cytoplasm, and are generally smaller than eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are more complex - they have membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria and a nucleus, linear DNA surrounded by a nuclear membrane, and can be multicellular. While both cell types share some similarities like membranes and DNA, cell structure distinguishes prokaryotes as simpler and eukaryotes as more advanced.

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    of 16

    Cell Type

    What would happen


    if all organisms
    remained simple or
    complex?

    What is your
    basis for
    classifying the
    organisms as
    simple or
    complex?
    Essential Question:
    How useful is the cell type in
    classifying organisms?
    Cellular Membrane/Plasma
    Membrane
    Fundamental
    Cell Structural Cytoplasm
    Parts
    Genetic material (Nucleus,
    DNA)
    before
    Nut or nucleus

    true
    Nut or nucleus
    Prokaryotic Cells
    • Prokaryotes are the simplest type of cell.
    • Prokaryotes unicellular organisms that are found in all
    environments.
    • Prokaryotes do not have a nuclear membrane . Their circular
    shaped genetic material dispersed throughout cytoplasm.
    • Prokaryotes do not have membrane-bound organelles .
    • Prokaryotes have a simple internal structure.
    • Prokaryotes are smaller in size when compared to Eukaryotes.
    Shapes of Prokaryotes
    • Cocci =
    spherical
    (round)
    • Bacillus =
    (rod shaped)
    • Spirilla =
    helical
    (spiral)
    Prokaryotic Cells
    Eukaryotic Cells
    • Eukaryotes are generally more advanced than prokaryotes
    • Nuclear membrane surrounds linear genetic material (DNA)
    • Unlike prokaryotes, eukaryotes have several different parts
    • Eukaryote’s organelles have coverings known as membranes
    • Eukaryotes have a complex internal structure
    • Eukaryotes are larger than prokaryotes in size
    Eukaryotic
    Mitochondria
    Cells
    Nucleus
    Cytoplasm

    Golgi Complex Endoplasmic


    Reticulum

    Cell
    Membrane
    Review:
    Prokaryotic Cells Eukaryotic Cells
    • Organelles Membrane • Organelle Membrane
    • Organelles lack a membrane • Organelles covered by a membrane
    • Covering of Genetic Material • Covering of Genetic Material
    • Genetic material floats in the cytoplasm • Membrane covered Genetic material
    (DNA and RNA)
    Prokaryotic Cells Eukaryotic Cells
    • Orientation of DNA • Orientation of DNA
    • Circular DNA • Linear DNA
    • Number of Cells • Number of Cells
    • Unicellular • May be multicellular or unicellular
    • Cell Size • Cell Size
    • Cells are smaller in size • Cells are larger in size
    • Number of Example of Organisms • Number of Example of Organisms
    • Has larger number of organisms • Has smaller number of organisms
    How do the similarities line up?

    • Both types of cells have cell


    membranes (outer covering of the
    cell)
    • Both types of cells have ribosomes
    • Both types of cells have DNA
    • Both types of cells have a liquid
    environment known as the
    cytoplasm

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