Classification of

Matter & Separating

of Mixtures
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❑Differentiate between pure substance and
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mixture,
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_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _between
_❑Differentiate _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _homogeneous
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _mixtures
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_ _and
_ _ _ _ _ _heterogeneous
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _mixture,
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_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ separation
❑Describe _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _techniques
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _for
_ _ _ _mixtures
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_ _and
_ _ _ _ _ _compounds,
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and
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_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _simple
❑Apply _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ separation
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ techniques
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _such
_ _ _ _ _ _ _as
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_ _distillation,
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _chromatography,
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•_ A
_ _ combination
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of
_ _ _two
_ _ _ _or
_ _ _more
_ _ _ _ _ _substances
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _that
_ _ _ _ do
_ _ _ not
_ _ _ _ react
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chemically with each other and retain their distinct
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identities despite their being combined
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_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _HETEROGENEOUS
_ _ _ _ _ HOMOGENEOUS _______________________

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _MIXTURE
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _MIXTURE
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 HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE
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■ Made up of only one phase.
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■ The composition is the same throughout

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_ _ _ _the
_ _ _ mixture
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■ Can be separated only by physical

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_ _ _ _methods
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _such
_ _ _ _ _ as
_ _ _ evaporation
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _and
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filtration.
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■ Can be: SOLUTION OR COLLOIDS

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 HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE
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_ _ _ _ _ _ _SOLUTIONS
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _COLLOIDS
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_ •_ _ _Solute:
_ _ _ _ _ _ _substance _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _• _ _ Colloidal
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _that _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _dispersion.
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dissolved in the solution
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ •_ _ _Have
_ _ _ _ _particles
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _bigger
_ _ _ _ _ _ than
_ _ _ _ _those
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•_ _ _Solvent:
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _substance
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ that
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of
_ _ _solution
_ _ _ _ _ _ _but
_ _ _ smaller
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ than
_ _ _ _ _those
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dissolves a solute. of a suspension.
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 HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE
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▪ Is made up of more than one phases.
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▪ Composition is not uniform throughput

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_ _ _ _the
_ _ _ mixtures
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▪ It can only separated through physical

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_ _ _ _method
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▪ Can be: SUSPENSION

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matter with definite or fixed composition and distinct

_ _ _• _A_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
properties
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ELEMENTS COMPOUNDS
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 ELEMENTS
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•_ _ Simplest
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _form
_ _ _ _ _of_ _ matter.
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•_ _ A
_ _ substance
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ that
_ _ _ _ _composed
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _only
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_ _ one
_ _ _ _ _kind
_ _ _ _ of
_ _ _atom
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•_ _It_ _cannot
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ be
_ _ _ _decomposed
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ into
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_ _ simpler
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ substances
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ through
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ordinary chemical means.
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•_ _ Can
_ _ _ _ _be
_ _ _ classified
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ as:
_ _ _ _Metals,
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Nonmetals, and Metalloids.
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 ELEMENTS
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• Shiny and has certain luster
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• (Except Mercury)
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• Metals are solid at room temperature
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• Good conductors of heat and electricity Malleable
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• Ductile
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• malleable
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Ductile
 ELEMENTS
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_•_ Noble
_ _ _ _ _ _Gases
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_•_ Gas
_ _ _ _ or
_ _ _a_ brittle
_ _ _ _ _ _solid
_ _ _ _ _without
_ _ _ _ _ _ luster
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_•_They
_ _ _ _ _are
_ _ _ _poor
_ _ _ _conductors
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of
_ _ _heat
_ _ _ _and
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electricity
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• They are solids, liquids or gases at room
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temperature
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• They are transparent
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 ELEMENTS
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_•_ Has
_ _ _ _a
_ _properties
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ that
_ _ _ _ are
_ _ _ _intermediate
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between those of metals and non metals
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• Semi conductors
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• Typically dull, gray solids that can be
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hammered
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• They are non good conductors of the
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electricity at the room temperature
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 COMPOUNDS
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_•_ _It
_ _is
_ _an
_ _ _element
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ that
_ _ _ _react
_ _ _ _ _to
_ _ each
_ _ _ _ _ other
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_•_ _Substances
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _that
_ _ _ _is
_ _made
_ _ _ _ _ _up
_ _ of
_ _ _two
_ _ _ or
_ _ _more
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_ _ _elements
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _chemically
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _combined
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _in
_ _fix
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proportions by mass.
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• Can be classified as: Acids, Bases, and Salts.
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 COMPOUNDS
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_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ACIDS
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BASES
_ _• _ _Compound
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ that
_ _ _ _donates _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ •_ _ Compound
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _H+ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _that
_ _ _ _accepts
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ H+
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ions in an aqueous solution. ions in an aqueous solution.

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• It tastes sour. • It tastes bitter.

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_ _•_ _It_ _turns

_ _ _ _ _blue
_ _ _ _litmus
_ _ _ _ _ _paper
_ _ _ _ _ _to
• It turns red litmus paper to
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red. blue.
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 COMPOUNDS
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_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _SALTS
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_______________•
_ _ _Compound
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _that
_ _ _ _is
_ _formed
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_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ when
_ _ _ _ _ _acid
_ _ _ _and
_ _ _ _a_ base
_ _ _ _ _ react-
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neutralization.
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 COMPOUNDS
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 ▪ Separating solids from liquids.
▪ It requires a filtering medium like cheesecloth or filter
paper, which traps the insoluble substances while
allowing the liquid that contains the soluble substances
to pass through.
▪ Is a process used to separate the components
of mixture based on their varying eights.
▪ Heavy suspended particles are allowed to
settle at the bottom of the container.
▪ To poured out carefully a liquid, leaving
another liquid or solid behind.
▪ Takes advantage of differences in
density.
▪ Is the process of separating a soluble solid to a liquid
or solvent.
▪ In this process, the solution is subject to heat until the
liquid (solvent) evaporates and the solid will be left.
▪ Is the separation of mixtures through the continues
cycle of evaporation and condensation of the volatile
components of the mixture, which have different
boiling points..
▪ Is a simple but efficient used to separate and identify
the components of mixture.
▪ Separation takes place because the components of a
mixture have different affinities for the two phases, the
stationary phase and mobile phase.