Review Innovations CE Review November 2022 – Surveying 4

EARTHWORKS Problems for Practice:

Problem 1: 1. From station 10+100 with center height of 3.4m in
Compute the side slope and the base of the given cut has a ground line which makes uniform slope of -
cross-section that has an area of 31.7 m2. 4% to station 10+180 whose center height in fill is
1.2m. Assume both sections to be trapezoidal having
9.8 0 7.4 a width of roadway of 8.0 m and sideslope of 1:1 for
+2.4 +2.64 +1.2 both cut and fill. If the shrinkage factor is 1.3, compute
the difference in volume of cut and fill in cu m.
Problem 2:
Find the value of x if the width of the roadway for cut Situation 1: Given the following cross-section notes
is 6m and 4.8m in fill. Side slope is 1:1 for a road in cut:
Also, compute the area of cut and fill. 10.00 0 7.80
+2.50 +4.23 +1.40
X 0.60 0 5.46 2. What is the width of the roadway?
-2.64 0 +0.39 +2.46 3. What is the sideslope?
4. What is the area of the cross-section?
Problem 3:
The following data are cross-section notes of the Situation 2: It is required to determine the earthwork
ground which will be excavated for a roadway. volume on a portion of road construction grading
work based on the following cross-section notes:
Station 4+120 Station 7+460
8.00 0 9.20 +0.32 +0.60 +1.92 +1.52 1.32
+2.00 +3.2 +2.80 4.14 3.5 0 3.5 6.14

Station 4+160 Station 7+500

9.50 0 10.70 +2.7 +3.2 +1.6 +2.0 +2.4
+3.00 +2.6 +3.80 8.9 3.5 0 3.5 8.3
The base of road is 7.0 m and the sideslopes are 2:1.
The base road is 10 m and the sideslopes are 1.5:1 5. Determine the area of the first station.
a. Find the volume of excavation by end area method. 6. Find the area of the second station.
b. Compute the volume by prismoidal formula. 7. Compute the volume of excavation using end
c. Determine the prismoidal correction. area method.

Answers:
CUT AND FILL SECTIONS 1. 996.18 m3 5. 12.63 m2
Problem 4: 2. 10 m 6. 28.14 m2
Given the following cross sections 3. 2:1 7. 815.40 m3
Base for cut = 9m Sideslope = 1:1 4. 47.4 m2`
Base for fill = 8m Sideslope = 1.5:1
Station 3+000
5.48 0 5.0
+0.98 +3.05 +0.50

Station 3+060
6.76 0 4.63
-1.84 -1.22 -0.42

a. Compute the volume of cut using end area method.

b. Find the volume of fill using end area method.

Problem 5:
From Station 0+200 with center height of 1.4 m in fill,
the ground line makes a uniform slope of +5% to
station 0+260 whose center height is 2.8 m in cut.
Assuming both sections to be trapezoidal with a
roadway of 10m and sideslope of 2:1
a. Compute the grade of the finished roadway.
b. How far from station 0+200 will the filling extend?
c. What is the area of the section at station 0+250?
 Review Innovations CE Review November 2022 – Surveying 3

EARTHWORKS VOLUME BY END AREA METHOD

Level Cross Section It is assumed that the volume between successive cross
sections is the average of their areas multiplied by the
distance between them.

L
Ve = (A1 + A 2 )
2

VOLUME BY PRISMOIDAL FORMULA

L
Vp = (A1 + 4A m + A 2 )
6

Am is determined by averaging the corresponding linear

dimensions of the end sections and NOT by averaging
the end areas A1 and A2.

PRISMOIDAL CORRECTION
Three Level Cross Section

Cp =
L
(c1 − c2 )(d1 − d 2 )
12

V p = Ve − C p

Five Level Cross Section