Jirachaya Janprom 63170840041

Independent Sample T-Test & Paired Sample T-Test

Problem I
In the present year, two departments (A & B) of the firm are surveyed of opinion in
the new working performance assessment. The opinion is surveyed by a questionnaire with 5-
Likert scale as 1=Strongly Disagree and 5=Strongly Agree. Do these two department have a
difference opinion? The output from SPSS should be displayed.  
A 3.5 4.78 3.21 3.50 4.6 4.00 3.65 2.00 3.67
5 5
B 5.0 2.31 4.56 3.50 3.0 4.00 3.56 2.19 2.56
0 0

Question I : Assumed to analyze by Parametric statistic. 

1. Statistics Technique : Independent Sample T-Test
2. Hypothesis Testing :
When μ1 is the mean of the working performance assessment of departments A
μ2 is the mean of the working performance assessment of departments B

H0 : μ1 = μ2
H1 : μ1 ≠ μ2

3. Results :

Group Statistics
Std. Std. Error
SaleT N Mean Deviation Mean
Opinion Department A 9 3.6678 .81743 .27248
Department B 9 3.4089 .98858 .32953

From the table, mean of the working performance assessment in Department A and B
are 3.67 (SD = 0.82) and 3.40 (SD = 0.99) respectively.

By Levene’s Test, P-value = 0.341 that is greater than 0.001 so that H0 is accepted.
The variance of two data sets is equal statistically (P > 0.001).
 Jirachaya Janprom 63170840041

With the case of Equal variance assumed, P-value = 0.553 that is greater than 0.001
so that H0 is accepted. The mean of the working performance assessment of departments A
and B is not statically different (P > 0.001). These two department have not a difference
opinion.

Question II : Assumed to analyze by Non-Parametric statistic. 

1. Statistics Technique : Man Whitney U Test
2. Hypothesis Testing :
When M1 is the median of the working performance assessment of departments A
M2 is the median of the working performance assessment of departments B

H0 : M1 = M2
H1 : M1 ≠ M2

3. Results :

Test Statisticsa
Opinion
Mann-Whitney U 33.000
Wilcoxon W 78.000
Z -.663
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .507
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed
.546b
Sig.)]
a. Grouping Variable: DeOpinion
b. Not corrected for ties.

From Man-Whitney U Test, P-value of Exact Sig = 0.546 that is greater than 0.001 so
that H0 is accepted. The median of the working performance assessment of departments A
and B is not statically different (P > 0.001). These two department have not a difference
opinion.

Question III : What type of statistic should be used for this problem and why?

Tests of Normality
Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk
Statist
DeOpinion ic df Sig. Statistic df Sig.
Opinion Department A .196 9 .200* .917 9 .368
Department B .138 9 .200 *
.948 9 .668
*. This is a lower bound of the true significance.
 Jirachaya Janprom 63170840041

a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

From Test of Normality of Shapiro-Wilk, Department A and B, P-value = 0.368 and

0.668 that greater than 0.001 so that H0 is accepted. That is the data revealing statistically
significant of a normal distribution (P>0.001).
So that Parametric Statistic is proper to be used and it is a normal distribution.

1. Statistics Technique : Independent Sample T-Test

2. Hypothesis Testing :
When μ1 is the mean of the working performance assessment of departments A
μ2 is the mean of the working performance assessment of departments B

H0 : μ1 = μ2
H1 : μ1 ≠ μ2

3. Results :

Group Statistics
Std. Std. Error
SaleT N Mean Deviation Mean
Opini Department
9 3.6678 .81743 .27248
on A
Department
9 3.4089 .98858 .32953
B

From the table, mean of the working performance assessment in Department A and B
are 3.67 (SD = 0.82) and 3.40 (SD = 0.99) respectively.

By Levene’s Test, P-value = 0.341 that is greater than 0.001 so that H0 is accepted.
The variance of two data sets is equal statistically (P > 0.001).
With the case of Equal variance assumed, P-value = 0.553 that is greater than 0.001
so that H0 is accepted. The mean of the working performance assessment of departments A
and B is not statically different (P > 0.001). These two department have not a difference
opinion.
 Jirachaya Janprom 63170840041

Problem II
In the present year, a departments of the firm are surveyed of opinion in the old and
new working performance assessment. The opinion is surveyed by a questionnaire with 5-
Likert scale as 1=Strongly Disagree and 5=Strongly Agree. Does the new working
performance assessment provide a better opinion? The output from SPSS should be
displayed.  
Old 3.55 4.7 3.21 3.50 4.6 4.00 3.65 2.0 3.67
8 5 0
New 5.00 2.3 4.56 3.50 3.0 4.00 3.56 2.1 2.56
1 0 9

Question I : Assumed to analyze by Parametric statistic. 

1. Statistics Technique : Paired Sample T-Test
2. Hypothesis Testing :
When μd is the mean difference of 2 data sets is opinion in working performance

H0 : μd = 0
H1 : μd > 0

3. Results :

Paired Samples Statistics

Std. Std. Error
Mean N Deviation Mean
Pair 1 Old 3.6678 9 .81743 .27248
New 3.4089 9 .98858 .32953

Paired Samples Correlations

N Correlation Sig.
Pair 1 Old & New 9 -.020 .959

The mean of opinion in working performance of old and new is at 3.668 (SD = 0.272)
and 3.409 (SD = 0.330) respectively. The correlation of old and new opinion in working
performance is related statistically significance in low level (r = -0.020, P > 0.001)
 Jirachaya Janprom 63170840041

From Paired Sample Test, 1-tailed hypothesis, P-value = 0.565/2 = 0.283 that is
greater than 0.001 so that H0 is accepted. The old and new opinion in working performance is
equal statistically significant (P>0.001). The new working performance assessment provides
a no better opinion.

Question II : Assumed to analyze by Non-Parametric statistic. 

1. Statistics Technique : Wilcoxon Sign Ranks Test
2. Hypothesis Testing :
When Md is the mean difference of the old and new opinion in working performance

H0 : Md = 0
H1 : Md > 0

3. Results :

Test Statisticsa
New - Old
Z -.507b
Asymp. Sig. (2-
.612
tailed)
a. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test
b. Based on positive ranks.

From Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test, 1-tailed hypothesis, P-value = 0.612/2 = 0.306
that is greater than 0.001 so that H0 is accepted. The old and new opinion in working
performance is equal statistically significant (P > 0.001). The new working performance
assessment provides a no better opinion.

Question III : What type of statistic should be used for this problem and why?

Tests of Normality
Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk
Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig.
Difference .219 9 .200* .937 9 .552
*. This is a lower bound of the true significance.
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

From Test of Normality of Shapiro-Wilk, P-value = 0.552 that greater than 0.001 so
that H0 is accepted. That is the data revealing statistically significant of a normal distribution
(P > 0.001).

1. Statistics Technique : Paired Sample T-Test

2. Hypothesis Testing :
 Jirachaya Janprom 63170840041

When μd is the mean difference of 2 data sets is opinion in working performance

H0 : μd = 0
H1 : μd > 0

3. Results :

Paired Samples Statistics

Std. Std. Error
Mean N Deviation Mean
Pair 1 Old 3.6678 9 .81743 .27248
New 3.4089 9 .98858 .32953

Paired Samples Correlations

N Correlation Sig.
Pair 1 Old &
9 -.020 .959
New

The mean of opinion in working performance of old and new is at 3.668 (SD = 0.272)
and 3.409 (SD = 0.330) respectively. The correlation of old and new opinion in working
performance is related statistically significance in low level (r = -0.020, P > 0.001).