HUM100

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An overall examination
reviewer beneficial to the Senior High
School students
I. INTEGRATIVE ART AS
of San Pedro College APPLIED TO PHILIPPINE
CONTEMPORARY ART
This reviewer serves as the compilation of
all the lessons discussed by different
Art
teachers of the same subject, it also
➔ originated from the following words:
includes examples and short activities to
● Latin word “ars” = skill
sharpen one’s knowledge about the topic.
● Greek word “techne” =
technology
If there are topics included that are not
➔ skill acquired by experience, study, or
discussed, please clarify with your subject
observation
teachers.
➔ production of aesthetic objects in the
use of skill & creative imagination
OUTLINE ➔ simplified definition: skill enhanced
I. Integrative Art as Applied to Philippine by technology
Contemporary Art
A. Integrative Arts
B. The Elements and Principles
A. INTEGRATIVE ARTS
of Arts ➔ refers to interdisciplinary art, art
C. Art Forms in the Philippines research, development, production,
presentation, or artistic creation of
II. Classifications of Various Art Forms in work that fully uses two or more art
the Philippines disciplines to create a work for a
A. Performing Arts in the specific audience
Philippines
B. Visual Arts in the Philippines MAJOR FORMS OF ART
● Visual Arts
III. Contemporary Art Forms in the - an expression of artistic ideas
Philippines through images, structures,
A. Painting and tactile work
B. Sculpting - some visual artworks are
C. Architecture integrated (combine several
D. Music mediums to create a new and
E. Dance unique artwork
F. Literature - Examples:
○ Painting
IV. Contemporary Arts’ Subject vs Theme ○ Sculpture
A. Subject ○ Architecture
B. Theme ○ Photography
○ Face Painting
V. National Artists in the Philippines ○ Powerpoint
A. Understanding the National presentations
Artist Award ● Literary Arts
B. GAMABA: Gawad sa - commonly known as
Manlilikha ng Bayan literature

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- expression of ideas through B. THE ELEMENTS AND

writing PRINCIPLES OF ARTS
- has 3 divisions:
○ Poetry
ELEMENTS OF ART
- one of the oldest
forms of writing ● Space
- uses imaginative & - emptiness which may either be
figurative language positive space or negative space
- made up of stanzas, ○ Positive space
lines & verses - the figure seen
- some are strict with inside the space
rhymes and syllabic ○ Negative space
counts - the figure seen
- usually, the outside the space
meaning is hidden
○ Prose
- uses straightforward
language
- conversational in
nature
- written in complete
and grammatical
narratives
- made up of
sentences and
paragraphs ● Line
○ Drama - series of points that come in two
- a text is written to characteristics: form & direction
be performed on ○ Form: curved, broken, dotted
stage ○ Direction: vertical, horizontal,
- referred to as plays curved

● Performing Arts
- an expression of an artistic
idea through:
○ Written lyrics
○ Text
○ Dramatization
○ Multimedia production
- combination of different art
like:
○ Literary art = material
or piece to perform
○ Visual arts = stage ● Shape/Form
design ○ Shape
- an embodiment of everything - two dimensional figures with
height and width

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- formed by connecting both

ends of a line
- can be: Geometric, Organic,
or Abstract
○ Forms
- three dimensional figures
- has the same dimensions as
a shape except with added
volume
● Color
- it is associated with the
natural phenomenon in our ● Rhythm
environment - repetition of certain elements
○ Light - specific natural to produce a pattern
phenomenon which ● Balance
enables us to - maintaining the elements
appreciate colors between left and right
○ Without light, there - aspects of the imagery should
would be no color. be evenly distributed
● Value - Has 3 kinds:
- property of a color which ○ Symmetrical Balance
pertains to its lightness or - what’s seen on one
darkness side is identical to
● Texture the other side
- tactile or illusory surface of the
piece

PRINCIPLES OF ART
● Scale/Proportion
- elements that create unity ○ Asymmetrical Balance
within a design - not all factors are
● Harmony the same
- unity of the artwork, in
reference to the arrangement
of its parts
- unity with respect to the
arrangement of the piece ○ Radial Balance
● Variety - structured in a spiral
- using several design elements form
which ensures the audience’s - gives the illusion of
attention a circular movement
● Movement
- guides the audience’s eyes on
where to look
- gives the viewers an illusion
of moving through our eyes

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● Emphasis ○ Other practical needs for

- an area in the design that may daily survival
appear different in size,
texture, shape, or color to
attract the viewer’s attention
- can be any of the following:
○ Emphasis on text

● Spanish Colonial Period

- introduced formal paintings,
○ Emphasis on subject
sculpture and architecture
influenced by Byzantine,
Gothic, Baroque and Rococo
art style
- Christianity became the faith
to believe in
- most art is religious (catholic
based)
- art forms focused more on:
○ Architecture
(churches)
○ Clothing
○ Religious materials
C. ART FORMS IN THE ○ Poems & stories that
PHILIPPINES cry about oppression
● Pre-colonial Period - two of the most famous works
- ethnic & tribal products were in line with oppression:
prominent ○ Noli Me Tangere
- ancestors praise nature and ○ El Filibusterismo
their gods (Anitos, Bathala, &
Diwatas)
- sculpture, paintings, and
pottery were the widely known
forms of visual arts
- art forms that existed are
more on:
○ Turning gold into
jewelries
○ Making clothing
○ Native things found in
their locality

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● American & Japanese Colonial

Period
○ American
- the English Alphabet
became prosperous
- one of its rich gifts is
education
- art forms that were
prominent focused on
their everyday lives
II. CLASSIFICATIONS OF
VARIOUS ART FORMS IN
THE PHILIPPINES

A. PERFORMING ARTS IN THE

PHILIPPINES

○ Japanese KINDS OF PERFORMING ARTS

- the maltreatment of the
Japanese colonizers had
people learn how to do
drama and plays
- women were forced to
act on stage for the
entertainment of men
● The Birth of Contemporary Arts
- talks about 1986 until the
present day (1986 - current)
- people learned to express
themselves freely
- flooding of many art forms,
primarily on one’s feelings
- richest time of arts
1. Auditory
- also called as Music
- art of sound that expresses
ideas and emotions in the
significant form through the
different elements:
● Rhythm
- movement, fluctuation, or
variation marked by the
regular recurrence or natural
flow of related elements
- consistent pattern of identical
sound/s
● Pitch
- highness or lowness of
sound
○ Solfege Syllables (do,
re, mi, etc.)
- helps to identify
the pitch of a song
● Melody
- rhythmic succession of single
tones organized as an
aesthetic whole
- can be usually heard through
humming & imitating the

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song if you don’t know its - enables the performers

lyrics to perform in an
○ Musical notation organized manner
- process of ● Time and Space
representing a - Answers the questions:
system or set of ○ Where will you be
marks, figures or performing?
characters used in ○ How long will the
music performance take?
- written for easier - other elements must all
chances of making come together to
music out of it complement the
- usually serves as a available and selected
guide for an time and space
orchestra
○ Staff 3. Dramatic
- 4 spaces & 5 lines - also known as Theatre
- where musical notes - a form of narrative performed
are placed on stage in front of an
● Harmony audience
- combination of simultaneous
musical notes in a chord Elements of Theatre:
- unity of the musical elements ● Stage Direction
that would suit each other - instructions indicating
and makes the sound better movement, blockings or
● Timbre positions in the
- perceived sound quality of a performance
musical tone which sets it - how the director
apart from other tones instructs the artist
- uniqueness of the sound ● Narratology
which helps you identify it - narrative structure of the
piece
2. Kinesthetic - flow of the story in
- also known as Dance which the artists follow
- an art that deals with the body ● Scenic Design
in movement - background or scene to
complement the
Elements of Dance: performances
● Human Body - puts the audience in the
- the center of the moment where you
performance activity want them
- the main medium in
performing arts B. VISUAL ARTS IN THE
- Without this, there PHILIPPINES
would be no dance
➔ Divided into 3 types according to
● Arrangement of Patterns
materials & approaches/techniques:
- movements and steps

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1. TWO-DIMENSIONAL EXPRESSION - usually starts with a pattern;

- mainly flat then the colored glass pieces
- made up of length and width are cut & assembled to form
the image
● Alla Prima ● Tapestry
- one layer painting technique - textile art woven on a vertical
completed in one sitting loom to come up with an
- done while paint is still wet artwork
- referred to as “wet-on-wet - uses colorful threads
painting” ● Drawing
● Encaustic - using a writing material (pen,
- also known as hot wax pencil, marker, etc.) to make a
painting two dimensional canvas, such
- adding beeswax and using it as paper, to form an image
to paint ● Photography
○ Beeswax - creating images with light
- candle-like - becoming more popular
substance which nowadays with the use of
can melt using heat cameras or mobile phones
- gives the artist the
power to come up 2. THREE-DIMENSIONAL EXPRESSION
with textures in - consists of: length, width, & volume
his/her artwork
● Tempera ● Molding
- adding pigment to water - shaping liquid or pliable raw
soluble binder medium such material using a rigid frame
as egg yolk called a mold or matrix
● Fresco (pattern or model of the final
- mural painting technique object)
- involves painting over fresh ● Carving
plaster walls - scraping off parts of a material
● Watercolor (often wood)
- pigments are suspended in a - a deductive method
water-based solution ● Etching
● Oil on canvas - using a strong acid on a
- adding pigments to drying oil surface to create a design
for binder - has the same concept of
- mixing pigments with an oil tattoo (but not the actual
substance & applying it on a process itself)
canvas ● Installing
● Mosaic - a site-specific artwork
- small pieces are assembled designed to transform
together such as glass, stone, - includes space in its message
seeds, etc. to form an image - placing an artwork in a
● Stained glass specific space
- an artwork is made of colored
glass

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3. MULTI-DIMENSIONAL EXPRESSION
- dimensions: length, width, mass, time
& space
- mostly talks about construction and
big productions

● Lashed Construction
- arrangement of rope, wire or
webbing with a linking device
used to secure and fasten two
or more items together

● Cantilever
- a beam or a plate, anchored
at one end to a support from
which it protrudes
○ Protruding element
- usually horizontal
- depends on the
beam to hold it in
place
○ Beam/plate
- usually vertical
- supports the
protruding element
● Truss Construction
- made up of trusses; an
assembly of beams
- helps a house maintain a
strong foundation

● Arches
- a vertical curved structure
that spans an elevated space
● Post & Lintel Construction and may or may not support
- strong horizontal elements are the weight above it
held up by strong vertical
elements with large spaces
between them

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MEDIUMS OR MEDIA OF SCULPTURE

1. Stone

2. Granite

III. CONTEMPORARY ARTS

IN THE PHILIPPINES

A. PAINTING
➔ the act of applying pigments to a
surface in order to present a picture of
the subject 3. Marble

ELEMENTS OF PAINTING
1. Pigments
- coloring substances
- what painters call or refer to
color
2. Vehicle / Mixing Medium
3. Method / Way of Presenting Art
- Painting gives the artist the
4. Jade
freedom to express their art in
any method they want.
4. Surface
- where you paint on
- can be: wood, concrete, cloth,
canvas, or cardboard

B. SCULPTING
➔ came from the word: sculpere or “to
carve” 5. Ivory
➔ aesthetic/beautiful art defined by the
technique of modelling
◆ Modelling
- shaping of a single block or
mass of material into 3D
➔ combines carving & modelling

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6. Metal 11. Lead

7. Bronze 12. Plaster

8. Brass 13. Clay

9. Copper
14. Glass

15. Wood
10. Gold & Silver

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CONTEMPORARY ELEMENTS OF DANCE

C. ARCHITECTURE 1. Dancer
➔ art and science of designing and - performer of the action
erecting buildings, bridges, and other 2. Choreography
structures to satisfy individual and - overall design of the dance
communal needs - its steps, costumes, designs,
➔ The design depends on the needs of concept, etc.
man, like the weather or any calamity 3. Design
which may come the consumer’s way. - planned organization / pattern
of movements in time & space
STRUCTURAL MATERIALS / QUALITIES IN 4. Subject
ARCHITECTURE - message of the dance
1. Structure 5. Movements
- depends on the reaction of - steps, gestures, and facial
different seasons or needs expression
- framework of a design 6. Technique
2. Texture - style or way of executing
- how rough or smooth the surface movements
is (illusory surface) 7. Properties (props)
3. Aspect 8. Costumes
- particular colors and outside skin - attire
after tooling or designing 9. Set Design
- what architects call/refer to color - setting and the background
10. Other theatrical elements
- lighting effects, visual effects,
D. MUSIC and sound effects
➔ a collection of coordinated sound/s
➔ made of sounds, vibrations, and silent
moments F. LITERATURE
➔ doesn’t always have to be pleasant or ➔ art made in written form for expression
pretty. ➔ also known as Literary Arts
➔ can be used to convey a whole range ➔ Has 3 divisions:
of experiences, environments, and ● Poetry
emotions. ● Prose
● Making music ● Drama
- process of putting sounds
and tones in an order, IV. CONTEMPORARY ARTS’
combining to create a
unified composition
SUBJECT VS THEME

E. DANCE A. SUBJECT
➔ movement of the body in a rhythmic ➔ matter to be described or to be
way, usually to music and within a portrayed by the artist
given space, for expressing an idea or ➔ may refer to any person, object, scene
emotion, releasing energy, or simply or event.
taking delight in the movement itself ➔ focus of the artwork

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➔ representational look, may be in any
form, of an artwork
➔ we often identify a work by its subject:
● Example: a landscape
painting, a sculpture of a
young woman, a lithograph of
a cat
➔ What do we smell, see, hear, taste or
touch in an artwork?
➔ anything that is obvious for all of us
B. THEME
➔ Broad idea or a message conveyed
by a work
➔ Themes in art are often messages
about life, society or human nature
➔ Usually implied rather than explicitly
stated
➔ Not the same as the subject of a work
● For example: the subject of
the movie Star Wars is a battle
between the Galactic Empire
and the Rebel Alliance
● Whereas the themes might be
moral ambiguity or the conflict
between technology and
nature
➔ An artwork from any given time period
is often defined and categorized by
similar themes found during that time
➔ Themes sometimes depend on the
historical context or the viewer’s
background
V. NATIONAL ARTISTS IN
THE PHILIPPINES
A. UNDERSTANDING THE
NATIONAL ARTIST AWARD
National Artists in the Philippines
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● Established in 1972 under
Presidential Decree No. 1001 by
President Ferdinand Marcos
National Artist Awards (NAA)
● Remains to be the highest
award-giving body in the Philippine
art scene
● The award is conferred every every
three (3) years through a rigorous
deliberation and selection process
jointly facilitated by two (2) major
cultural offices:
○ National Commission for
Culture and the Arts (NCCA)
○ Cultural Center of the
Philippines.
● The establishment has institutionalized
awards in the areas of:
○ Architecture
○ Design and allied arts
○ Film and broadcast arts
○ Visual arts
○ Literature
○ Dance
○ Music
○ Theater
QUALIFICATIONS
1. Living artists who have been Filipino
citizens for the last ten (10) years
prior to nomination as well as those
who have died after the establishment
of the award in 1972 but were Filipino
citizens at the time of their death;
2. Artists who have helped build a
Filipino sense of nationhood
through the content and form of their
works;
3. Artists who have distinguished
themselves by pioneering in a mode
of creative expression or style,
making an impact on succeeding
generations of artists;
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4. Artists who have created a significant
body of works and/or have
consistently displayed excellence in
the practice of their art form, enriching
artistic expression or style; and
5. Artists who enjoy broad acceptance
through prestigious national and/or
international recognition, awards in
prestigious national and/or
international events, critical acclaim
and/or reviews of their works, and/or
respect and esteem from peers
within an artistic discipline.
SELECTION
1. Nominations are then submitted to the
National Artist Secretariat that is
created by the National Artist Award
Committee; experts from the different
art fields then sit on a First
Deliberation to prepare the short list
of nominees.
2. A Second Deliberation, which is a
joint meeting of the Commissioners of
the NCCA and the Board of Trustees
of the CCP, decides on the final
nominees.
3. The list is then forwarded to the
President of the Philippines, who, by
Presidential Proclamation, proclaims
the final nominees as members of the
Order of National Artists.
HONORS & PRIVILEGES
1. The rank and title of National Artist,
as proclaimed by the President of the
Republic of the Philippines.
2. The insignia of a National Artist and a
citation.
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3. A lifetime emolument and physical
benefits such as:
a. A cash award of ₱100,000.00
(for living awardees) or
₱75,000.00 (for posthumous
awardees to the legal heir/s)
net of taxes;
b. A life insurance coverage,
monthly life pension, medical
and hospitalization benefits;
c. A state funeral and burial at
the Libingan ng mga Bayani;
d. A place of honor and
recognition at cultural events.
VI. GAMABA: GAWAD SA
MANLILIKHA NG BAYAN
Also known as the National Living Treasures
Award
● Institutionalized through Republic Act
No. 7355 in April of 1992.
● The NCCA, through the Gawad sa
Manlilikha ng Bayan Committee and
an Ad Hoc Panel of Experts, conducts
the search for the finest traditional
artists of the land
○ adopts a program that will
ensure the transfer of their
skills to others
○ undertakes measures to
promote a genuine
appreciation of and instill pride
among our people about the
genius of the Manlilikha ng
Bayan
● As envisioned under R.A. 7355,
“Manlilikha ng Bayan” shall mean:
○ a citizen engaged in any
traditional art;
○ uniquely a Filipino whose
distinctive skills have reached
such a high level of
technical and artistic
excellence and;
○ have been passed on to and
widely practiced by the
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present generation in his/her
community with the same
degree of technical and artistic
competence
QUALIFICATIONS
To become a “Manlilikha ng Bayan”, the
candidate must possess the qualifications:
1. He/she is an inhabitant of an
indigenous/traditional cultural
community anywhere in the
Philippines that has preserved
indigenous customs, beliefs, rituals
and traditions and/or has syncretized
whatever external elements that have
influenced it.
2. He/she must have engaged in a folk
art tradition that has been in
existence and documented for at least
fifty (50) years.
3. He/she must have consistently
performed or produced over a
significant period, works of superior
and distinctive quality.
4. He/she must possess a mastery of
tools and materials needed by the
art, and must have an established
reputation in the art as master and
maker of works of extraordinary
technical quality.
5. He/she must have passed on and/or
will pass on to other members of the
community their skills in the folk art for
which the community is traditionally
known.
CONSIDERATIONS
A traditional artist who possesses all the
qualities of a Manlilikha ng Bayan candidate,
but due to age or infirmity has left him/her
incapable of teaching further his/her craft, may
still be recognized if:
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1. He/she has created a significant
body of works and/or has
consistently displayed excellence in
the practice of his/her art, thus
achieving important contributions for
its development.
2. He/she has been instrumental in the
revitalization of his/her community’s
artistic tradition.
3. He/she has passed on to the other
members of the community skills in
the folk art for which the community is
traditionally known.
4. His/her community has recognized
him/her as master and teacher of
his/her craft.
HONORS & PRIVILEGES
1. A Manlilikha ng Bayan awardee
receives a specially designed gold
medallion, an initial grant of P100,000
and P10,000 monthly stipend for life;
2. In consonance with the provision of
Republic Act No. 7355, which states
that “the monetary grant may be
increased whenever circumstances
so warrant,” the NCCA board
approved an additional monthly
personal allowance of P14,000 for the
awardees; and
3. A maximum cumulative amount of
P750,000 medical and
hospitalization benefits annually
similar to that received by the National
Artists and funeral assistance/tribute fit
for a National Living Treasure
GAMABA RECIPIENTS
● Ginaw Bilog : January 3, 1953 - June
3, 2002
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● Samaon Sulaiman : March 3, 1953 -

May 21, 2011

● Masino Intaray : April 10, 1943 -

November 30, 2013
Abbie Laurene D. Zapanta
● Lang Dulay : August 3, 1928 - April Subject Leader
30, 2015

● Salinta Monon : December 12, 1920 - Khirby Howell B. Sensano

June 4, 2009 Member

● Federico Caballero : December 25,

1938

● Alonzo Saclag : August 14, 1942 Catherine Brill R. Samonte

Member
● Uwang Ahadas : February 15, 1945
Approved by:
● Darhata Sawabi : March 12, 2005
(SGD.)
● Haja Amina Appi : June 25, 1925 - Allene Sayas-Tan
April 2, 2013
HUM100 Teacher
● Eduardo Mutuc : October 12, 1949

● Teofilo Garcia : March 27, 1941 Anafe Sagne

HUM100 Teacher
● Magdalena Gamayo : August 13,
1924
Jan Emerson Latiada
● Estelita Bantilan : October 17, 1940
HUM100 Teacher
● Ambalang Ausalin : March 4, 1943

● Yabing Masalon Dulo : August 8,

1914

VII. VALIDATED
Prepared by:

Princess Kyle F. Anicoy

Language Representative

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on its contents. If ever you feel that what is written was not discussed, please do clarify with your
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