Student Name Student ID

Shamma saber H00370759

LAB-10
Introduction:
The reflection coefficient of a lossless coaxial cable with a specified impedance value was the
subject of this lab. To develop the code and depict the output value and graph, we utilized
MATLAB program. The reflection coefficient is a measurement of how much of a wave is
reflected by a transmission medium impedance discontinuity. It's the ratio of the reflected
wave's amplitude to the source wave's amplitude, both given as phase shift.

QUESTION:
A lossless coaxial cable having characteristic impedance zo =50 Ω is terminated by a load with
impedance zl= 25 +j25 Ω
(a) What is the voltage reflection coefficient at the load?
(b) Plot the input impedance for transmission line lengths from 0 to 0.45λ. Please plot as a
single curve in the complex plane, with the horizontal axis as the real component and the
vertical axis as the imaginary component. Indicate at each end of the curve the associated
lengths.
(c) For what lengths is the input impedance completely real-valued, and what is the impedance
at these lengths?

Code:
clc;
clear all;
close all;
zl=25+25i;
zo=25;
lemda=1;
%Reflection coefficient
T_1=(zl-zo)/(zl+zo);
a=real(T_1);
b=imag(T_1)*180/pi;
fprintf('Refection coefficient = %f + %f i\n', a, b);
l=0:0.1:2;
z_i=zo*(zl+zo*tanh(2*pi*l))./(zo+zl*tanh(2*pi*l));
figure;
plot(imag(z_i), real(z_i), '-*');
xlabel('Real Zi');
ylabel('Imaginary Zi');
grid on
fprintf('Since Z1 is complex hence Zin is also always complex\n ');
Results:

Refection coefficient = 0.200000 + 22.918312 i

Since Z1 is complex hence Zin is also always complex

Discussion:
Coaxial cable is a type of transmission line, used to carry high-frequency electrical signals with

low losses. It is used in such applications as telephone trunk lines, broadband

internet networking cables, high-speed computer data busses, cable television signals, and

connecting radio transmitters and receivers to their antennas. It differs from other shielded

cables because the dimensions of the cable and connectors are controlled to give a precise,

constant conductor spacing, which is needed for it to function efficiently as a transmission line.
The reflection coefficient is determined by the load impedance at the end of the transmission

line, as well as the characteristic impedance of the line. The characteristic impedance (Z0) of a

transmission line is the resistance it would exhibit if it were infinite in length. This is entirely

different from leakage resistance of the dielectric separating the two conductors, and the

metallic resistance of the wires themselves.

Input impedance is an important aspect of understanding transmission line connections

between different components in electronics. Input impedance is primarily used in RF design,

but it can be used to develop transfer functions in high-speed design, which then can be used

to predict impulse responses using causal models.

Conclusion:
To summarize, all the goals have been accomplished. We learned how to use the reflection

coefficient code to solve the problems. With the help of MATLAB, we were able to properly

answer the supplied questions. Furthermore, because it is utilized in so many different

applications, MATLAB is one of the greatest ways to address problems. As a result, it's critical

to learn and grasp how to apply the appropriate functions, and it's pleasant to expand our

knowledge when dealing with this type of subject to help us grow our skill in the future.