Jamie P.

Federizo October 23,2020

BSCE I GA Professor Pacita S. Origenes
The Hundred Years' War

1328 Charles IV of France died, leaving no male heir to
the throne. His sister, Isabella of France, felt the
French throne should go to her son, Edward III of
England, but the citizens and nobility, however, argued
that Philip VI, Charles's first cousin, should claim the
throne.
Edward and Isabella accepted Philip's reign, but
tensions increased and the major disagreement that
led to the start of the Hundred Years' War occurred
when Philip declared that Edward had effectively
forfeited Aquitaine. In response, Edward renewed
his claim to the throne of France.
Throughout the Hundred Years'
War, each side saw victories and
setbacks, though the Battles of
Crecy, Poitiers, and Agincourt were
all considered victories for England.
The Treaty of Bretigny (later ratified as
the Treaty of Calais) was intended to
create peace, as Edward III renounced his
claim to the throne of France in return
for the restoration of Aquitaine under his
reign, but conflict persisted nonetheless.

Shortly after the treaty was
signed, Edward made his son
Edward of Woodstock (referred
to as the Black Prince) the Duke
of Aquitaine.
During the next 55 years, localized
fighting and political disagreements
between the two countries continued,
the Treaty oy Troyes was an agreement
that King Henry V of England and his
heirs would inherit the French crown
upon the death of King Charles VI of
France.
The "peace" thought to be brought by
the Treaty was short lived, as Henry V
died within the next 2 years, and his heir
was not even 9 months old. Nevertheless,
the baby, Henry VI, was crowned king of
both England and France. This was not
accepted by French nobility, and so
continued the Hundred Years' War.
It was in the midst of this fighting that
the famed Joan of Arc rose to notoriety.
The teenager claimed to have seen
visions of saints who told her support
France in the fight against England.
Eventually she was sentenced to death.
About twenty years after the death of
Joan of Arc, the final battle of the
Hundred Years' War, the Battle of
Castillon, took place in Gascony. This
battle was considered the first major
victory for France. And the start of the
fall of England in its reign over French
territories.