Over a two-year period, researchers observed 58 classrooms across 22 school districts near Chicago to study instructional practices. The school districts represented high- and low-spending districts serving students from different socioeconomic backgrounds. In total, 23 classes were observed in the first year and 35 classes were observed in the second year, with a greater focus on data collection in the second year. The goal was to examine student engagement during instructional activities, particularly in eighth and ninth grade English classes, and draw conclusions about effective teaching practices.
Over a two-year period, researchers observed 58 classrooms across 22 school districts near Chicago to study instructional practices. The school districts represented high- and low-spending districts serving students from different socioeconomic backgrounds. In total, 23 classes were observed in the first year and 35 classes were observed in the second year, with a greater focus on data collection in the second year. The goal was to examine student engagement during instructional activities, particularly in eighth and ninth grade English classes, and draw conclusions about effective teaching practices.
Over a two-year period, researchers observed 58 classrooms across 22 school districts near Chicago to study instructional practices. The school districts represented high- and low-spending districts serving students from different socioeconomic backgrounds. In total, 23 classes were observed in the first year and 35 classes were observed in the second year, with a greater focus on data collection in the second year. The goal was to examine student engagement during instructional activities, particularly in eighth and ninth grade English classes, and draw conclusions about effective teaching practices.
Over a two-year period, researchers observed 58 classrooms across 22 school districts near Chicago to study instructional practices. The school districts represented high- and low-spending districts serving students from different socioeconomic backgrounds. In total, 23 classes were observed in the first year and 35 classes were observed in the second year, with a greater focus on data collection in the second year. The goal was to examine student engagement during instructional activities, particularly in eighth and ninth grade English classes, and draw conclusions about effective teaching practices.
Source Concepts to be lifted Part to include the picked concepts
1.https://l.facebook.com/ From one point of view, the From one point of view, the recitation is a l.php?u=https%3A%2F recitation is a recitation- recitation-period, a segment of the daily time %2Fscholar.google.com period, a segment of the schedule. In this sense it is an administrative %2Fscholar%3Fstart daily time schedule. In this unit, valuable in apportioning to each school %3D10%26q%3Drecitation sense it is an administrative subject its part of the time devoted to the %2520%26hl%3Den unit, valuable in curricu-lum. Thus, we speak of five %26as_sdt apportioning to each school recitations in arith-metic, three in music, or %3D0%252C5%26fbclid subject its part of the time two in drawing, having in mind merely the %3DIwAR2oL- devoted to the curricu-lum number of times the class meets for Y0Jp8afvjAccaWZDPkwdpo instruction in a particular school study. A DKXmEOkqdgS93oJZSr7lU recitation here means no more than a class. 4ezAv5rscg%23d period, a more or less arbitrary device for %3Dgs_qabs%26t controlling the teacher's and pupils' %3D1663893725385%26u distribution of energy among the various %3D%2523p subjects taught. %253DCsHu17sQsPsJ&h=A T2lqlzclTeLWoUP7Pr15FeK t6H5yEutsD_62SnNmMn9q K0yVVCAnlX26kq7ATglm vEUq29JSzwHIasrb21b_GL GYIpUGjdYjGQBNY- MdeVkpxAZrjeE_5ZSGJ- w2oIgBLJOpG2fFP8tUl2jW rXFog 2.https://l.facebook.com/ This research presents the This research presents the works related l.php?u=https%3A%2F works related with the with the human emotional affected by Quran %2Fscholar.google.com human emotional affected recitation. Recitation of the Holy Quran is %2Fscholar%3Fstart by Quran recitation. governed by a variety of rules called" %3D10%26q%3Drecitation Recitation of the Holy Tajweed rules". There are many factors that %2520%26hl%3Den Quran is governed by a affect the human emotion like heart rate %26as_sdt variety of rules called" variability and breathing behaviour, internal %3D0%252C5%26fbclid Tajweed rules". There are and external to the human body. Quran %3DIwAR0au_9WUlK9U4J many factors that affect the recitation produced a significant relaxation hDr__3N1jDbHpGFf0wgJkl human emotion like heart which may be due to that Quran has specific eAJ4LGd4SNf0qAnDIA2-Fg rate variability and effect on human heart which lead to effect %23d%3Dgs_qabs%26t breathing behaviour, some hormone .anchemical are responsible %3D1663893620332%26u internal and external to the for relaxation. %3D%2523p human body. %253DTaELpRh6FNEJ&h= AT2lqlzclTeLWoUP7Pr15Fe Kt6H5yEutsD_62SnNmMn9 qK0yVVCAnlX26kq7ATgl mvEUq29JSzwHIasrb21b_G LGYIpUGjdYjGQBNY- MdeVkpxAZrjeE_5ZSGJ- w2oIgBLJOpG2fFP8tUl2jW rXFog 3.https://l.facebook.com/ Recent studies have Recent studies have indicated that college l.php?u=https%3A%2F indicated that college undergraduates have retained little %2Fscholar.google.com undergraduates have understanding of the information in the %2Fscholar%3Fhl%3Den retained little understanding science courses they have taken when they %26as_sdt of the information in the graduate. Science is taught as detailed, %3D0%252C5%26q science courses they have factual content and most students are %3Drecitation%2520%26oq taken when they graduate. evaluated by their ability to recall and %3D%26fbclid Science is taught as summarize the information provided. As %3DIwAR03sQiXTQ1vQi5 detailed, factual content and such, students concentrate their studies on meXrKk6j5J4u24Q7NfjKP3 most students are evaluated terms and definitions, spending little time on zHXGbvOvKdYEl4suo0zlec by their ability to recall and application and analysis. To correct the %23d%3Dgs_qabs%26t summarize the information problem, instructors are encouraged to %3D1663893016950%26u provide formulate more questions around the mid %3D%2523p and upper levels ofBloom's taxonomy in the %253DhNhgWZojoHwJ&h= examinations they prepare. AT2lqlzclTeLWoUP7Pr15Fe Kt6H5yEutsD_62SnNmMn9 qK0yVVCAnlX26kq7ATgl mvEUq29JSzwHIasrb21b_G LGYIpUGjdYjGQBNY- MdeVkpxAZrjeE_5ZSGJ- w2oIgBLJOpG2fFP8tUl2jW rXFog 4.https://l.facebook.com/ Over a two-year period, we Over a two-year period, we have studied l.php?u=https%3A%2F have studied classrooms in classrooms in 22 school districts in the %2Fscholar.google.com 22 school districts in the greater Chicago region (including the City %2Fscholar%3Fhl%3Den greater Chicago region of Chicago). A total of 23 classes (13 in %26as_sdt (including the City of mathematics and 10 in social studies) were %3D0%252C5%26q Chicago). A total of 23 observed in year 1 (1978) and 35 classes (18 %3Drecitation%2520%26oq classes (13 in mathematics in mathematics and 17 in social studies) %3D%26fbclid and 10 in social studies) were observed in year 2 (1979). The school %3DIwAR0Wi1xCqXYor6A were observed in year 1 districts were selected to represent high-and u31sb0r5Rhj1Zz2YTT0lsv5 (1978) and 35 classes (18 in low-expenditure school systems which X-ZTHyFrOhJf2-g9l0xvo mathematics and 17 in served children of three levels of socio- %23d%3Dgs_qabs%26t social studies) were economic status. Thus we have observed %3D1663891236897%26u observed in year 2 (1979) schools attended by working-class children %3D%2523p%253DM7UJ- which are in the upper third of state-level 1XgCbEJ&h=AT2lqlzclTeL expenditures on schools and in the lower WoUP7Pr15FeKt6H5yEutsD third, etc. 2 For a number of purposes, the _62SnNmMn9qK0yVVCAnl first year's data collection served as a pilot X26kq7ATglmvEUq29JSzw study and, particularly with regard to HIasrb21b_GLGYIpUGjdYj classroom observations, it was less extensive GQBNY- than the second year's effort. MdeVkpxAZrjeE_5ZSGJ- w2oIgBLJOpG2fFP8tUl2jW rXFog 5.https://l.facebook.com/ This paper examines the The persistence of the recitation James l.php?u=https%3A%2F nature of student Hoetker, William P Ahlbrand Jr American %2Fscholar.google.com engagement in the educational research journal 6 (2), 145-167, %2Fscholar%3Fhl%3Den instructional activities of 1969 The classroom observational studies %26as_sdt eighth-and ninth-grade reviewed here are those concerned primarily %3D0%252C5%26q English classes and draws with describing instructional practices, as %3Drecitation%2520%26oq general conclusions opposed to describing the psychological %3D%26fbclid applicable to instruction at concomitants of different practices. Several %3DIwAR30WlePoPcdEW all levels. It focuses on the of the studies reviewed—favorably Vr2cjdGU40FK_nHIqVJRpg teacher's pivotal role, comparable to more recent research— S- showing that certain apparently had been allowed to fade from DnhQWzQFS5L3VPpmo5rJ discourse practices elicit the collective memory of the profession w%23d%3Dgs_qabs%26t substantive (rather than before the recent flurry of interest in %3D1663891171853%26u procedural) student observational research in the classroom, and %3D%2523p%253DP4D- engagement, with teachers we take pleasure in helping to resurrect COSt- taking students seriously, them. In 1966, the authors assisted Professor TgJ&h=AT2lqlzclTeLWoUP and acknowledging and Bryce Hudgins in the collection of data, 7Pr15FeKt6H5yEutsD_62Sn building on what they say. including tape recordings of lessons, in the NmMn9qK0yVVCAnlX26k classes of nine junior high school English q7ATglmvEUq29JSzwHIasr teachers (Hudgins and Ahlbrand, 1967; b21b_GLGYIpUGjdYjGQB Hoetker, 1967). Because of a special interest NY- of one of the authors in the work of Arno MdeVkpxAZrjeE_5ZSGJ- Bellack and his associates on the" rules of w2oIgBLJOpG2fFP8tUl2jW the classroom language game"(Bellack, et. rXFog al., 1966), forty-five hours of typescripts made from the tape recordings were coded according to selected parts of the category system devised by Bellack (Hoetker, 1967). The teachers in our sample, as may be seen from the comparisons summarized in Table 1, behaved very precisely according to Bellack's" rules/'and we raised three questions about this finding. First, why did the teachers behave as they did? Second, what were the effects of this sort of teaching upon the pupils? And, View at journals.sagepub.com Cited by 617 Related articles All 3 versions eric.ed.gov Student engagement: When recitation becomes conversation. Martin Nystrand, Adam Gamoran This paper examines the nature of student engagement in the instructional activities of eighth-and ninth-grade English classes and draws general conclusions applicable to instruction at all levels. It focuses on the teacher's pivotal role, showing that certain discourse practices elicit substantive (rather than procedural) student engagement, with teachers taking students seriously, and acknowledging and building on what they say. These practices involve:(1) asking authentic questions (which open the floor to what students have to say);(2) engaging in uptake (building on what students have sale.); and (3) high-level evaluation (which certifies new turns in the discussion occasioned by student answers). By contrast, the teacher-student interaction called" recitation"(in which the teacher asks a series of preplanned questions, initiates all the topics, and rarely interacts with the substance of students' answers except to evaluate them) is rarely more than procedurally engaging. Using examples from a study of eighth-and ninth-grade English, the paper examines substantively engaging instruction, showing how students become most profitably engaged and learn most in classrooms characterized by extensive interaction between students and teacher. The paper is divided into the following sections:" Procedural versus Substantive Engagement";" Quality of Instructional Discourse as an Indicator of Student Engagement"(an e... amination and discussion of three samples of c. Lassroom talk);" Implications for Writing";" Student Engagement and Literature Achievement"; and a conclusion. Twenty-four references are attached.(SR) 6.https://l.facebook.com/ Recitation of the Holy book Effect of Quran recitation on the level of l.php?u=https%3A%2F of Muslims, The Holy anxiety in athletics ME Mottaghi, R Esmaili, %2Fscholar.google.com Quran, is a regions duty and Z Rohani Quarterly of Quran & Medicine 1 %2Fscholar%3Fstart hence is done with utmost (1), 1-4, 2011 Aims: Anxiety is a kind of %3D20%26q%3Drecitation care such that no mistakes agitation and apprehension which is caused %2520%26hl%3Den are made while reading it. under the influence of the threat or danger %26as_sdt These mistakes may feeling in individuals. Anxiety in athletes %3D0%252C5%26fbclid include the wrong utterance can reduce the optimum performance. %3DIwAR05TUOMh1NnoX of words, misreading According to the Islamic religious doctrines, jyeySB_rYOE0lEUrQTYQa words, and punctuation and spiritual relationship with God comforts the wdZH3QVjqplaM04_HOTjx pronunciation mistakes. hearts and prevent from the anxiety. The aim VHI%23d%3Dgs_qabs%26t Believers of Islam are of this study was to investigate the effect of %3D1663895789828%26u spread all over the world hearing the Holy Quran lilt on the athlete's %3D%2523p and hence there also can be competitive anxiety. Methods: This research %253DlFDj0hCWv1IJ&h=A a difference in accent. To was a quasi-experimental (randomized T2lqlzclTeLWoUP7Pr15FeK avoid this, tajweed rules are cohort) study. Samples of the study were 80 t6H5yEutsD_62SnNmMn9q implemented to ensure that female … View at darulquran.co.uk [PDF] K0yVVCAnlX26kq7ATglm the utterance is done darulquran.co.uk Cited by 75 Related vEUq29JSzwHIasrb21b_GL according to some rules. articles All 3 versions lifesciencesite.com E- GYIpUGjdYjGQBNY- These rules ensure that hafiz: Intelligent system to help Muslims in MdeVkpxAZrjeE_5ZSGJ- there is no variance in the recitation and memorization of Quran Aslam w2oIgBLJOpG2fFP8tUl2jW recitation of the Holy book Muhammad, Zia ul Qayyum, Saad Tanveer, rXFog for different reciters. A Martinez-Enriquez, Afraz Z Syed Life Science Journal 9 (1), 534-541, 2012 Recitation of the Holy book of Muslims, The Holy Quran, is a regions duty and hence is done with utmost care such that no mistakes are made while reading it. These mistakes may include the wrong utterance of words, misreading words, and punctuation and pronunciation mistakes. Believers of Islam are spread all over the world and hence there also can be a difference in accent. To avoid this, tajweed rules are implemented to ensure that the utterance is done according to some rules. These rules ensure that there is no variance in the recitation of the Holy book for different reciters. For further improvements, the people are encouraged to memorize the whole book and the person who does that is called a Hafiz. Having known the whole book by heart down to every word with Tajweed rules he/she can a guide to correct other learners who intend to learn by listening to learners and correcting their recitation. But the availability of a Hafiz can be a problem where Islam is not a dominant religion. Furthermore the competency and level of expertise are of epic importance. To get around this problem we have designed and developed a system E-Hafiz. It is based on an idea that Tajweed rules are used to train learners how to recite Quran. To achieve this we used on Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) technique. We extract the features of recorded voices using MFCC and compared with experts’ voices stored in database. Any mismatch on word level is pointed out and ask the user to correct it. 7.https://l.facebook.com/ The classroom Effect of Recitation Method to the Students' l.php?u=https%3A%2F observational studies Interest and Learning Results Dwi Cahyadi %2Fscholar.google.com reviewed here are those Wibowo, Friana Friana, Emilia Dewiwati %2Fscholar%3Fhl%3Den concerned primarily with Pelipa Jurnal Studi Guru dan Pembelajaran 1 %26as_sdt describing instructional (1), 16-20, 2018 The purpose of this study is %3D0%252C5%26q practices, as opposed to to determine whether there is influence of %3Drecitation%2520method describing the learning methods of recitation on interests %26oq%3Drecitation psychological concomitants and student learning outcomes on equation %2520%26fbclid of different practices. of status of citizenship. The research method %3DIwAR30WlePoPcdEW Several of the studies used is quantitative method. The form of Vr2cjdGU40FK_nHIqVJRpg reviewed—favorably research is quasi experiment with non- S- comparable to more recent equivalent control group design. The DnhQWzQFS5L3VPpmo5rJ research—apparently had population in this study are 46 tenth grade w%23d%3Dgs_qabs%26t been allowed to fade from students of Multimedia A and B at SMK %3D1663896248366%26u the collective memory of Negeri 1 Kelam Permai in 2016/2017 %3D%2523p the profession before the academic year. Data collection tools are test %253D4vxlf9pFaqUJ&h=A recent flurry of interest in and questionnaire. Final measurements after T2lqlzclTeLWoUP7Pr15FeK observational research in treatment shows significant differences in t6H5yEutsD_62SnNmMn9q the classroom, and we take student learning outcomes on equality of K0yVVCAnlX26kq7ATglm pleasure in helping to citizenship between experimental class and vEUq29JSzwHIasrb21b_GL resurrect them. In 1966, the control class, based on hypothesis test using GYIpUGjdYjGQBNY- authors assisted Professor T test (t count˃ t table is 5.71˃ 2.02). MdeVkpxAZrjeE_5ZSGJ- Bryce Hudgins in the MANOVA test shows that F count˃ F table w2oIgBLJOpG2fFP8tUl2jW collection of data, including that is 27.00˃ 19.00 which mean there is rXFog tape recordings of lessons, significant influence of student's interest and in the classes of nine junior result of study using recitation method. It high school English can be concluded that the recitation method teachers (Hudgins and is effective in improving students' interest Ahlbrand, 1967; Hoetker, and learning outcomes on equality of 1967). citizenship. View at e-journal.my.id [PDF] e-journal.my.id Cited by 11 Related articles All 4 versions The persistence of the recitation James Hoetker, William P Ahlbrand Jr American educational research journal 6 (2), 145-167, 1969 The classroom observational studies reviewed here are those concerned primarily with describing instructional practices, as opposed to describing the psychological concomitants of different practices. Several of the studies reviewed—favorably comparable to more recent research—apparently had been allowed to fade from the collective memory of the profession before the recent flurry of interest in observational research in the classroom, and we take pleasure in helping to resurrect them. In 1966, the authors assisted Professor Bryce Hudgins in the collection of data, including tape recordings of lessons, in the classes of nine junior high school English teachers (Hudgins and Ahlbrand, 1967; Hoetker, 1967). Because of a special interest of one of the authors in the work of Arno Bellack and his associates on the" rules of the classroom language game"(Bellack, et. al., 1966), forty-five hours of typescripts made from the tape recordings were coded according to selected parts of the category system devised by Bellack (Hoetker, 1967). The teachers in our sample, as may be seen from the comparisons summarized in Table 1, behaved very precisely according to Bellack's" rules/'and we raised three questions about this finding. First, why did the teachers behave as they did? Second, what were the effects of this sort of teaching upon the pupils? 8.https://l.facebook.com/ The purpose of this The purpose of this research is to improve l.php?u=https%3A%2F research is to improve the the skill of the student start-up after the %2Fscholar.google.com skill of the student start-up following learning by using the recitation %2Fscholar%3Fhl%3Den after the following learning method in Elementary School. This research %26as_sdt by using the recitation was conducted at SDN Karang Asih 12 %3D0%252C5%26q method in Elementary District of North Cikarang Bekasi Regency. %3Drecitation%2520method School. This research was The subjects of this study are the students of %26oq%3Drecitation conducted at SDN Karang class II, amounting to 30 students. This %2520%26fbclid Asih 12 District of North research was conducted using the classroom %3DIwAR0jH4XZJK39w- Cikarang Bekasi Regency. action research method by Kemmis and Mc. 9bLJvb2uWMGfMkiQ2exVf The subjects of this study Taggart is done using the cycle method. The 2Z2pLLN1bcm8i9d8OzVQp are the students of class II, results showed that the percentage obtained WL0%23d%3Dgs_qabs%26t amounting to 30 students. from the pre-cycle students get a complete %3D1663896410652%26u This research was value of 50 that is equal to 50%, at the end %3D%2523p conducted using the of the cycle I the value of students who %253DCj7TfzmNTUEJ&h= classroom action research completed 20 students obtained at 67% and AT2lqlzclTeLWoUP7Pr15Fe method by Kemmis and at the end of the cycle II students complete Kt6H5yEutsD_62SnNmMn9 Mc. Taggart is done using 28 students 93%. The result of the initial qK0yVVCAnlX26kq7ATgl the cycle method writing skill in cycle II has exceeded the mvEUq29JSzwHIasrb21b_G target. Thus the implications of using this LGYIpUGjdYjGQBNY- recitation method can enable students in the MdeVkpxAZrjeE_5ZSGJ- initial writing skills in Indonesian language w2oIgBLJOpG2fFP8tUl2jW lessons as well as achieving the desired rXFog goals in the classroom. 9.https://l.facebook.com/ Purpose of the Thesis This The Unit Technique Versus the Recitation l.php?u=https%3A%2F study was initiated with the Technique in the Teaching of Chemistry %2Fscholar.google.com desire to determine whether James Clyde Chapel The University of %2Fscholar%3Fhl%3Den the unit technique in the Chicago, 1930 CHAPTER I %26as_sdt hands of a regular high INTRODUCTION Purpose of the Thesis %3D0%252C5%26q school teacher would This study was initiated with the desire to %3Drecitation produce better results than determine whether the unit technique in the %2520technique%26oq the conventional recitation hands of a regular high school teacher would %3Drecitation%26fbclid teohnique. The criticism produce better results than the conventional %3DIwAR2FkltN1C73tS6Y has often been made that recitation teohnique. The criticism has often 2T3vQ5bACTgKs5fNAzme many of the studies on the. been made that many of the studies on the. mNiRK4eUkDqqEIL2Msnhk results of methods in results of methods in teaching have been FI%23d%3Dgs_qabs%26t teaching have been conducted by experts in laboratory schools %3D1663897369294%26u conducted by experts in with selected pupils. The question has arisen %3D%2523p laboratory schools with whether some of the methods of-teaching %253DFtlh_68UXrcJ&h=A selected pupils. The which have proved so successful in the T2lqlzclTeLWoUP7Pr15FeK question has arisen whether laboratory schools would prove as t6H5yEutsD_62SnNmMn9q some of the methods of- successful in the'hands of an ordinary K0yVVCAnlX26kq7ATglm teaching which have proved teacher working under the conditions foUnd vEUq29JSzwHIasrb21b_GL so successful in the in the average high schpfel in regard to GYIpUGjdYjGQBNY- laboratory schools would course of study, class schedules, and MdeVkpxAZrjeE_5ZSGJ- prove as successful in equipment* Requirements of a teaching w2oIgBLJOpG2fFP8tUl2jW the'hands of an ordinary technique.-A good teaching technique rXFog teacher working under the provides for the development of the pupil as conditions foUnd in the well as the completion of the subject. This average high schpfel in study is made in order to determine whether regard to course of study, the unit technique offers an opportunity for class schedules, and the successful completion of the subject and equipment* at the same time offers splendid opportunity for the improvement of the pupils study habits, The older, and no doubt some of the younger teachers, feel that the reoitation technique offerB the best opportunity for obtaining teaohing results. This study proposes to submit the two techniques to a scientific comparative 10.https://l.facebook.com/ In this extraordinary work In this extraordinary work of scholarship, l.php?u=https%3A%2F of scholarship, Victor Mair Victor Mair traces the global development %2Fscholar.google.com traces the global over a thousand years of a genre of popular %2Fscholar%3Fhl%3Den development over a Buddhist folk literature from China known %26as_sdt thousand years of a genre as pien-wen, pointing out its origins in India %3D0%252C5%26q of popular Buddhist folk as a form of oral storytelling using painting %3Drecitation literature from China as an aid, and showing how that form has %2520performance%26oq known as pien-wen, influenced performance and literary %3Drecitation pointing out its origins in traditions in India, Indonesia, Japan, Central %2520%26fbclid India as a form of oral Asia, the near East, Italy, France, and %3DIwAR1lV9h3nbJrh3- storytelling using painting Germany. Professor Mair's research has YFc4Bp5NL1huj3KemdM3 as an aid, and showing how important implications for students and AstE_Zl32n0tgJkz_iUyKUM that form has influenced scholars of literature, folklore, painting, c%23d%3Dgs_qabs%26t performance and literary religion, history, art, and theater and the %3D1663897503739%26u traditions in India, performing arts, not to mention Chinese %3D%2523p Indonesia, Japan, Central popular culture and Indian civilization. %253D7Qb6Gce1cNEJ&h= Asia, the near East, Italy, AT2lqlzclTeLWoUP7Pr15Fe France, and Germany. Kt6H5yEutsD_62SnNmMn9 qK0yVVCAnlX26kq7ATgl mvEUq29JSzwHIasrb21b_G LGYIpUGjdYjGQBNY- MdeVkpxAZrjeE_5ZSGJ- w2oIgBLJOpG2fFP8tUl2jW rXFog