MICROBIAL GENETICS WORKSHEET 1: DNA STRUCTURE

NAME: JAY A 0 MALANA. OS bjoLDEH - 4R (MICADOIQLO6Y)

1. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS.

1. What do the letters DNA stand for?

Aaud DNA DeokyfodvcNtaua

aEribose Nnwdeit
2. Two scientists are
given credit for discovering the structure
of DNA. What is the name of those two scientists.

a. JAMESWATSdN
b.RANCIS CelC
3. DNA is a
polymer, which means that is made up of many
repeating single units (monomers). What are the monomers
called?

NVcLGOTIDES
4. The "backbone" of the DNA molecule is made
up of two
components, what are these?

SUGAR (OEOYR1O5E)_
d. PHAATE CROUP
5. There are four different variations of these monomers
(four dilferent bases), what are the names of
those bases?

a. AOENINE
b. TMINE
c. ANING

d.CATOSINE
6. These bases are of two different types of molecules: purines and pyrimides. Purines have
TWO ring(s) in their structure, and pyrimidines have. ONE -ring(s) in their
structure.

7. The two bases that are

purines are:

ADENINE
b. GVANINE
8. The two bases that are
pyrimidines are:
a. CTOS INE
INMINE
MICROBIAL GENETICS wORKSHEET 1: DNA STRUCTURE

ENINE and
ol
9. Chargoff's rule states that the DNA ofany species contains equal amounts
and also equal amounts of BUANING and CATVSINE
THHMING
ENING pairs with
10. Based on this information, scientist could predict that the base
the formation of
THYMINE and the base 6UANINE pairs with C1DSING_ i n
the DNA molecule.
to the other
strand of DNA is complementary
This is called complementary base pairs. Thus
one

strand (opposite/matching).

molecule.
11. The bases are paired by LDGTN bonds along the axis of the

exanmine
12. Wilkins and Franklin studied the structure of DNA using *N CRSJAWOGgAStéchnique to
was a
that the shape of the molecule
molecules, and helped Watson and Crick determined

13. Draw the basic structure of a nucleotide with its three parts.

O-P-0
ntrogtaovs base

OH
sugardeokyribee
Pho phak Grovp
14. Write the complementary sequence to following DNA strand:

A AT T CG C c G GT ATIAGACG TI
TTAA GG GeCATATCT 6CAA prtsphrle
15. Use the image at the right to complete the follow:

Circle a nucleotide.
Label the sugar and phosphate.
Label the bases that are not already labeled
MICROBIAL GENETICS WORKSHEET 1: DNA STRUCTURE

II.CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER.

1. Who discovered the acidic substance called "nuclein" in 18682?

7A.
Miescher
B. Chargaff
C. Watson and Crick

D.Franklin
E . Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty

2. The evolutionary function of genetic material is to:

A. replicate

B. express genes

C. mutate
D. all of the above

E. none of the above

3. Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty used in their experiments to show DNA

is the genetic material.
A. deoxyribonuclease

B. ribonuclease

C. protease
D. all of the above
E. none of the above

4. Hershey and Chase used to delermine that DNA is definitively the storage
material for genetic information.

A. isotopic phosphorous andsulfur

B. DNase, protease, and Rnase
C. normal and heat killed cells

D.
radiomicrographs
E. none of the above
MICROBIAL GENETICS WORKSHEET 1: DNA STRUCTURE

5. are different from RNA viruses because they do not have a protein coat.
I A.prions
B. phages
C.viroids
D. adenovirus

E. none of the above

6. Prions contain:

A.protein
B. DNA

C. RNA

D. viroids

E. phosphorous

7. Nucleotides are composed of

A. a pentose sugar

B. a phosphate groupP

C. a nitrogen-containing base

D . all ofthe above

E. none of the above

8. What is the major chemical diflference between DNA and RNA?

A.
the phosphate group
7 B. the pentose sugar

C. the nitrogen containing base

D. all of the above

E. none of the above

MICROBIAL GENETICS wORKSHEET 1: DNA STRUCTURE

9. Which base is not commonly found in DNA?

A. uracil
B. adenine

C. guanine

D. cytosine
E. thymine

10. Purines have and pyrimidines have,

A. single ring bases; double ring bases
B. double ring bases; three ring bases

C. three ring bases, single ring bases

7 D. double ring bases, single ringbases

E. none of the above

11. found that the concentration of thymine was equal to the concentration of
adenine in DNA.

A.Watson
B. Crick

C. Miescher

D. Franklin

EChargaff

12. Watson and Crick used to examine the structure of DNA.

A. nucleotide patterns

B. X-ray diffraction patterns

C. DNA sequences

D. Virus adaptations

E. none of the above

MICROBIAL GENETICS wORKSHEET 1: DNA STRUCTURE

13. The two strands of the DNA double helix are:

A. parallel

B. identical
C. complimentary

D.opposite
E. all of the above

14. The stability of the DNA double helix is the result of

A. hydrogenbonds
B. covalent bonds

C. ionic bonds
D. all of the above

E. none of the above