Hello!

My name is
am/is/are

Affirmative Negative Question

am
I am (I´m) I (i´m not or he isn´t) am I?
not
(he´s not or he isn´t)
He (he´s) He he?
(she´s not or she isn´t)
She is (she´s) She is not is she?
(it´s not or it isn´t)
It (it´s) It it?

We (we´re) We (we´re not or we aren´t) we?

are
You are (you´re) You (you´re not or you aren´t) are you?
not
They (they´re) They (they´re not or they aren´t) they?

Short answers
I am I I´m
he he he´s
she is she she´s
Yes, is No, it it´s not
we we we´re
you are you you´re
they they they´re

Present continuous
I am (not) Examples:
he I´m working
she is (not) She´s wearing a hat
is -ing They´re playing baseball
we He´s not watching TV
you are (not)
they

Present continuous questions Study the word order

am I is/are + subject + -ing
he Where is he working today?
doing?
is she is Ben working today?
working?
is are they going?
going?
we Where are those people going?
staying?
are you
they
I do/work/like, etc. (simple present)
I
we
read like Work live Watch Do Have
you
they
he
she reads Likes works Lives watches does has
is

Don´t (simple present negative)

Affirmative Negative
I work I
we like we don´t
you do you (do not) work
they have they like
works do
he he doesn´t
likes have
she she (does
does
it it not)
has

Do you…? (simple present questions)

do/does + subject + base form
Do you play the guitar?
Do your friends live near here?

Does Chris work on Sundays?

Does it rain? a lot here?
Where do your parents live?
How often do you wash your hair?
What does This word mean?
How much does it cost To fly to Puerto Rico?

Short answers
I/we/you/they do
Yes,
he/she/it does

I have… and I´ve got…

I I (I´ve got)
we we (we´ve got)
you
have or you
have got (you´ve got)
they they (they´ve got)
he he (he´s got
she has or she has got (she´s got)
it it (it´s got)
 Do you have? / have you got? (questions)
I I
we we I I
don´t haven´t we we
you you Do Have
they have they got you you
he he they have or they got
she doesn´t she hasn´t he he
it it Does she has she
it it

Was/were

Affirmative Negative Question

I I I?
he he Was not he?
was Was
she she (wasn´t) she?
it it it?
we we Were not we?
you were you Were you?
(weren´t)
they they they?

Short answers
I I
he he
was wasn´t
she she
Yes, it No, it
we we
you were you weren´t
they they

Simple past
I, You,
He, She,
watched
It, We,
They

I didn´t… Did you? (simple past negative and question)

Base form Affirmative Negative Question
play I played I play I play?
start we started we start we start?
watch you watched you watch you watch?
Did not
have they had they have Did they have?
(didn´t)
see he saw he see he see?
do she did she do she do?
go it went it go it go?
Study the word order in questions

did + subject + base form

Did your sister call you?

What did you do Last night?

How did the accident happen?
Where did your parents go on vacation?

Short answers
I, You, He, I, You, He,
Yes, She, It, did No, She, It, We, didn´t
We, They They

I was doing (past continuous)

Was/were + ing
Affirmative Negative Question
I I I
he doing he doing he doing?
was was was
she watching she watching she watching?
it playing it playing it playing?
we swimming we swimming we swimming?
you were living you were living were you living?
they they they

I used to…
be
I, You, He, work
She, It, We, used to have
They play
etc.

o The negative form is I didn´t used to…

I didn´t use to like tomatoes, but I like them now.

o The question is did you use to…?

Where did you use to live before you came here?

I´m going to…
Question
I am am I
he, she, it is
do buy…?
is he, she, it
(not) going to drink going to eat…?
we, you, we, you,
are watch are wear…?
they they

Will
I, You,
be I, you, be?
He,
will (´ll) eat he, she, eat?
She, Will
will not (won´t) come, it, we, come?
It, We,
etc. they etc.
They

Might= it is possible that I will Must= when we believe that something is true
be be
I, You, He, I, You, He,
go know
She, It, We, might (not) She, It, We, must (not)
play have
They They
come, etc. live, etc.

Can and Could Should

I, You, do
Can play
I, You, do? You should do something= it is a good
He,
He, She, play? thing to do; it is the right thing to do.
She, Can´t see Can
It, We, see?
It, We, (cannot) come,
They come?, etc do
They etc I, You, He,
Should stop
She, It, We, go
Shouldn´t
They
For the past (yesterday/last week/ etc.) we use watch, etc.
could/couldn´t:
1. When I was young, I could run very fast.
We use Can you…? Could you…? When we ask people to
do things:
1. Can you open the door, please?
2. Could you wait a minute, please?
We use Can I have…? or Could I have…? to ask for
something:
1. Can I have a glass of water?
2. Could I have a coffee?
 Greetings
-Hello!/Hi! ¡Hola!
-Good morning! ¡Buenos días!
-Good afternoon! ¡Buenas tardes!
-Good evening! ¡Buenas noches!
 Bye
-See you! ¡Nos vemos!
-Have a good day/night! ¡Que tengas
un buen día/ noche!
 Borrow something
-Can I borrow a/an ___? ¿Puedo tomar
prestado un(a) ___?
-Sure. Here you go. Claro. Aquí lo
tienes.
 Achoo!
-Bless you! ¡Salud!
 Gratitude and response
-Thank you!/Thanks ¡Gracias!
-You´re welcome. De nada.
 New words
-How do you say this word? ¿Cómo
se dice esta palabra?
-What does this mean? ¿Qué
significa esto?
 Clarification
-How do you spell __? ¿Cómo se
deletrea __?
-Can you repeat that, please?
¿Puede repetir eso, por favor?
-Can you explain that again, please?
¿Puede explicar eso de nuevo, por
favor?
 Understanding
-I´m sorry, I don´t understand. Lo siento
no entiendo.
-I understand. Entiendo.
-I don´t know, I´m sorry. No sé, lo siento.
 Asking questions
-Do we copy? ¿Copiamos?
 Finish
-I/We have finish. Ya termine/ Ya
terminamos.
 Leave the classroom
-May I go to the restroom? ¿Puedo ir
al baño?
-May I go to drink water? ¿Puedo ir a
tomar agua?
-May I go out? ¿Puedo salir?
-May I be excused? ¿Puedo retirarme?
 Enter the classroom
-May I come in? ¿Puedo pasar?
 Teacher says…
-Any question? ¿Alguna pregunta?
-Do you understand? ¿Comprenden?
-I need to see… Necesito ver…
-Quickly! ¡Rápido!
-Are you ready? ¿Están listos?
-Pay attention! ¡Presten atención!
-Write. Escriban.
-Read. Lean
-Watch/Look at. Miren.
-Repeat. Repitan.
-Take out… Saquen…
-Have a seat. Tomen asiento.
-Raise your hand. Levanta la mano.
Numbers
1 One 11 Eleven 21 Twenty-one 31 Thirty-one 41 Forty-one 51 Fifty-one 61 Sixty-one
2 Two 12 Twelve 22 Twenty-two 32 Thirty-two 42 Forty-two 52 Fifty-two 62 Sixty-two
3 Three 13 Thirteen 23 Twenty-three 33 Thirty-three 43 Forty-three 53 Fifty-three 63 Sixty-three
4 Four 14 Fourteen 24 Twenty-four 34 Thirty-four 44 Forty-four 54 Fifty-four 64 Sixty-four
5 Five 15 Fiftteen 25 Twenty-five 35 Thirty-five 45 Forty-five 55 Fifty-five 65 Sixty-five
6 Six 16 Sixteen 26 Twenty-six 36 Thirty-six 46 Forty-six 56 Fifty-six 66 Sixty-six
7 Seven 17 Seventeen 27 Twenty-seven 37 Thirty-seven 47 Forty-seven 57 Fifty-seven 67 Sixty-seven
8 Eight 18 Eighteen 28 Twenty-eight 38 Thirty-eight 48 Forty-eight 58 Fifty-eight 68 Sixty-eight
9 Nine 19 Nineteen 29 Twenty-nine 39 Thirty-nine 49 Forty-nine 59 Fifty-nine 69 Sixty-nine
10 Ten 20 Twenty 30 Thirty 40 Forty 50 Fifty 60 Sixty 70 Seventy

71 Seventy-one 81 Eighty-one 91 Ninety-one 200 Two hundred 100,000 One hundred thousand
72 Seventy-two 82 Eighty-two 92 Ninety-two 300 Three hundred 1,000,000 One million
73 Seventy-three 83 Eighty-three 93 Ninety-three 400 Four hundred 10,000,000 Ten million
74 Seventy-four 84 Eighty-four 94 Ninety-four 500 Five hundred
75 Seventy-five 85 Eighty-five 95 Ninety-five 600 SIx hundred
76 Seventy-six 86 Eighty-six 96 Ninety-six 700 Seven hundred
77 Seventy-seven 87 Eighty-seven 97 Ninety-seven 800 Eight hundred
78 Seventy-eight 88 Eighty-eight 98 Ninety-eight 900 Nine hundred
79 Seventy-nine 89 Eighty-nine 99 Ninety-nine 1000 One thousand
80 Eighty 90 Ninety 100 One hundred 10,000 Ten thousand

Colors Clothes
Blue azul Purple morado Coat abrigo Dress vestido
Brown marrón Sky blue azul cielo Shoes zapatos Hat sombrero
Black negro Light blue celeste Shirt camisa Gloves guantes
Green verde Navy blue azul marino Tie corbata Sweater suéter
Grey gris Turquoise turquesa Belt cinturón Jeans
Orange anaranjado Violet violeta Jacket chamarra Boots botas
Pink rosa Dark oscuro Pants Pajamas
Red rojo Lilac lila Suit traje Cap gorra
Silvery plateado Tan café claro Raincoat impermeable T-shirt camiseta; playera
White blanco Transparent transparente Blouse blusa Shorts
Yellow amarillo Clear, light claro Scarf bufanda Socks calcetines
Gold dorado Multicolored multicolor Skirt falda Sneakers tenis
(High) Heels tacones Swinmsuits traje de baño

The weather
The sun- el sol The lightning strike- el relámpago The humidity- la humedad Windy- ventoso
The clouds- las nubes The lightning bolt- el rayo The temperature- La temperatura Icy- gélido
The fog- la niebla The wind- el viento The forecast- el pronóstico Freezing- helado
The mist- la neblina The breeze- la brisa Sunny- soleado
The rain- la lluvia The hail- el granizo Clear skies- despejado Days of the week
The drizzle- la llovizna The ice- el hielo Hot- caluroso
The storm- la tormenta The snow- la nieve Cool- fresco Monday- lunes
The tornado- el tornado The heat- el calor Cloudy- nublado Tuesday- martes
The thunder- el trueno The cold- el frío Rainy- lluvioso Wednesday-
miércoles
Thursday- jueves
Friday- viernes
Saturday- sábado
Times of the day Sunday- domingo

At dawn- en la At sunrise- al In the morning- por la At noon- al medio día In the afternoon- por
madrugada amanecer mañana (12h) la tarde

In the evening- por la At sunset- al At dusk- al At night- en la noche At midnight- a

tarde-noche atardecer anochecer medianoche
Family members
Grandparents- abuelos
Parents- padres
Children (kids)- hijos
Grandfather (grandpa)- abuelo
Grandmother (grandma)- abuela
Father (dad)- padre
Mother (mom)- madre
Husband- esposo
Wife- esposa
Son- hijo Daughter- hija
Godmother- madrina
Godchildren- ahijados
Brother- hermano Sister- hermana
Siblings- hermanos
Uncle- tío Aunt- tía
Nephew- sobrino Niece- sobrina
Grandson- nieto Granddaughter- nieta
Cousin- primo, prima
Mother-in-law- suegra
Father-in-law- suegro
Parents-in-law- suegros
Brother-in-law- cuñado
Godfather- padrino
Sister-in-law- cuñada
Son-in-law- yerno
Daughter-in-law- nuera
Half brother- medio hermano
Half sister- media hermana
Stepmother- madrastra
Stepfather- padrastro
Stepsister- hermanastra
Stepbrother- hermanastro
Boyfriend- novio Fiancé- prometido
Girlfriend- novia Fiancée- prometida

Parts of the body

Body- cuerpo Hand- mano
Head- cabeza Feet- pies Foot- pie
Shoulders- hombros Fingers- dedos
Back- espalda Toes- dedos del pie
Arm- brazo Knee- rodilla
Leg- pierna Ankle- tobillo
Wrist- muñeca Stomach, belly- estomago

Face- cara, rostro Eyelashes- pestañas

Eyes- ojos Nose- nariz
Eyebrow- ceja Mouth- boca
Forehead- frente Lips- Labios
Ears- orejas Chin- mentón
Cheek- mejilla Jaw- mandíbula
Neck- cuello Hair- cabello
Teeth- dientes Tooth- diente Tongue- lengua
Throat- garganta Brain- cerebro

INFINITIVO PASADO SIMPLE PARTICIPIO ESPAÑOL

PASADO
Arise Arose Arisen Surgir, Levantarse
Awake Awoke Awoken Despertarse
Be/ am, are, is Was / Were Been Ser / Estar
Beat Beat Beaten Golpear
Become Became Become Llegar a Ser
Begin Began Begun Empezar
Bet Bet Bet Apostar
Bite Bit Bitten Morder
Bleed Bled Bled Sangrar
Blow Blew Blown Soplar
Break Broke Broken Romper
Bring Brought Brought Traer Llevar
Build Built Built Edificar, construir
Burn Burnt / Burned Burnt / Burned Quemar
Buy Bought Bought Comprar
Catch Caught Caught Coger
Come Came Come Venir
Cut Cut Cut Cortar
Choose Chose Chosen Elegir
Dig Dug Dug Cavar
Do (Does) Did Done Hacer
Draw Drew Drawn Dibujar
Dream Dreamt /Dreamed Dreamt /Dreamed Soñar
Drink Drank Drunk Beber
Drive Drove Driven Conducir
Eat Ate Eaten Comer
Fall Fell Fallen Caer
Feed Fed Fed Alimentar
Feel Felt Felt Sentir
Fight Fought Fought Luchar
Find Found Found Encontrar
Fly Flew Flown Volar
Forbid Forbade Forbidden Prohibir
Forget Forgot Forgotten Olvidar
Forgive Forgave Forgiven Perdonar
Freeze Froze Frozen Helar
Get Got Got / Gotten Obtener
Give Gave Given Dar
Go (Goes) Went Gone Ir
Grow Grew Grown Crecer
Hang Hung Hung Colgar
Have Had Had Haber o Tener
Hear Heard Heard Oir
Hide Hid Hidden Ocultar
Hit Hit Hit Golpear
Hold Held Held Agarrar Celebrar
Hurt Hurt Hurt Herir
Keep Kept Kept Conservar
Know Knew Known Saber Conocer
Kneel Knelt Knelt Arrodillarse
Learn Learnt / Learned Learnt / Learned Aprender
Leave Left Left Dejar
Lend Lent Lent Prestar
Let Let Let Permitir
Lie Lay Lain Echarse, acostarse
Light Lit Lit Encender
Lose Lost Lost Perder
Make Made Made Hacer
Mean Meant Meant Significar
Meet Met Met Encontrar
Mistake Mistook Mistaken Equivocar
Overcome Overcame Overcome Vencer
Pay Paid Paid Pagar
Put Put Put Poner
Read Read Read Leer
Ride Rode Ridden Montar
Ring Rang Rung Llamar
Rise Rose Risen Levantarse
Run Ran Run Correr
Say Said Said Decir
See Saw Seen Ver
Seek Sought Sought Buscar
Sell Sold Sold Vender
Send Sent Sent Enviar
Set Set Set Poner(se)
Sew Sewed Sewed / Sewn Coser
Shake Shook Shaken Sacudir
 Shine Shone Shone Brillar
Shoot Shot Shot Disparar
Show Showed Shown Mostrar
Shut Shut Shut Cerrar
Sing Sang Sung Cantar
Sink Sank Sunk Hundir
Sit Sat Sat Sentarse
Sleep Slept Slept Dormir
Slide Slid Slid Resbalar
Smell Smelt Smelt Oler
Sow Sowed Sowed / Sown Sembrar
Speak Spoke Spoken Hablar
Spell Spelt Spelt Deletrear
Spend Spent Spent Gastar
Spill Spilt / Spilled Spilt / Spilled Derramar
Spoil Spoilt / Spoiled Spoilt / Spoiled Estropear
Spread Spread Spread Extender
Stand Stood Stood Estar en pie
Steal Stole Stolen Robar
Swear Swore Sworn Jurar
Sweat Sweat Sweat Sudar
Sweep Swept Swept Barrer
Swim Swam Swum Nadar
Swing Swung Swung Columpiarse
Take Took Taken Coger
Teach Taught Taught Enseñar
Tear Tore Torn Rasgar
Tell Told Told Decir
Think Thought Thought Pensar
Throw Threw Thrown Arrojar Tirar
Understand Understood Understood Entender
Wake Woke Woken Despertarse
Wear Wore Worn Llevar puesto
Win Won Won Ganar
Write Wrote Written Escribir

Past
Base Form Simple Past Participle Spanish

/id/ sound
Accept Accepted /Id/ Accepted /Id/ Aceptar
Date Dated /Id/ Dated /Id/ Citar
End Ended /Id/ Ended /Id/ Terminar
Expect Expected /Id/ Expected /Id/ Esperar
Need Needed /Id/ Needed /Id/ Necesitar
Point Pointed /Id/ Pointed /Id/ Señalar
Repeat Repeated /Id/ Repeated /Id/ Repetir
Start Started /Id/ Started /Id/ Empezar
Visit Visited /Id/ Visited /Id/ Visitar
Wait Waited /Id/ Waited /Id/ Esperar
Want Wanted /Id/ Wanted /Id/ Querer

/t/ sound
Ask Asked /t/ Asked /t/ Preguntar
Cook Cooked /t/ Cooked /t/ Cocinar
Dance Danced /t/ Danced /t/ Bailar
Dress Dressed /t/ Dressed /t/ Vestir
Erase Erased /t/ Erased /t/ Borrar
Finish Finished /t/ Finished /t/ Terminar
Help Helped /t/ Helped /t/ Ayudar
Jump Jumped /t/ Jumped /t/ Brincar / Saltar
Like Liked /t/ Liked /t/ Gustar
Look Looked /t/ Looked /t/ Mirar
Miss Missed /t/ Missed /t/ Extrañar
Practice Practiced /t/ Practiced /t/ Practicar
Push Pushed /t/ Pushed /t/ Empujar
Shop Shopped /t/ Shopped /t/ Comprar
Smoke Smoked /t/ Smoked /t/ Fumar
Stop Stopped /t/ Stopped /t/ Detener
Talk Talked /t/ Talked /t/ Hablar
Use Used /t/ Used /t/ Usar
Walk Walked /t/ Walked /t/ Caminar
Wash Washed /t/ Washed /t/ Lavar
Wish Wished /t/ Wished /t/ Desear
Work Worked /t/ Worked /t/ Trabajar
/d/ sound
Answer Answered /d/ Answered /d/ Responder
Arrive Arrived /d/ Arrived /d/ Llegar / Arribar
Belong Belonged /d/ Belonged /d/ Pertenecer
Change Changed /d/ Changed /d/ Cambiar
Clean Cleaned /d/ Cleaned /d/ Limpiar
Climb Climbed /d/ Climbed /d/ Escalar
Close Closed /d/ Closed /d/ Cerrar
Deliver Delivered/d/ Delivered/d/ Entregar
Enjoy Enjoyed /d/ Enjoyed /d/ Disfrutar
Fill Filled /d/ Filled /d/ Llenar
Follow Followed/d/ Followed/d/ Seguir
Hurry Hurried /d/ Hurried /d/ Apurar / Darse prisa
Learn Learned /d/ Learned /d/ Aprender
Listen Listened /d/ Listened /d/ Escuchar
Live Lived /d/ Lived /d/ Vivir
Love Loved /d/ Loved /d/ Amar
Name Named /d/ Named /d/ Nombrar
Open Opened /d/ Opened /d/ Abrir
Order Ordered /d/ Ordered /d/ Ordenar
Plan Planed /d/ Planed /d/ Planear
Play Played /d/ Played /d/ Jugar
Rain Rained /d/ Rained /d/ Llover
Remember Remembered /d/ Remembered /d/ Recordar
Show Showed /d/ Showed /d/ Mostrar
Stay Stayed /d/ Stayed /d/ Permanecer
Study Studied /d/ Studied /d/ Estudiar
Travel Traveled /d/ Traveled /d/ Viajar
Try Tried /d/ Tried /d/ Intentar /Tratar
Turn Turned /d/ Turned /d/ Voltear / Dar vuelta