Both have the same idea that
there is no self.
Roddick Rory Batiforra
BIT-CT I-B2
Assignment 1.1: Compare and Contrast
PHILOSOPHER
1.Paul Churchland vs. St.
Augustine
2.Socrates vs. Maurice Merleau-
Ponty
3.Rene Descartes vs. David
Hume
4.David Hume vs. John Locke
5. David Hume vs. Gilbert Ryle
the Philosophers
SIMILARITIES
They both believe that the self is made up of the
mind and the body, and that the two are
separate.
They both believe that the self is made up of
both body and soul.
Both had the idea of “I doubt therefore I am,”
because Hume agreed with Descartes’ idea that
they should evaluate not just their own
perception but also that of others.
They each have a concept that knowledge is
acquired by the senses, and self-perception is
the result of other people’s perceptions.
Both have the same idea that there is no self.
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DIFFERENCES
Paul Churchland believes that self is the brain, whereas St.
Augustine believes that self is an immortal soul that exists over
time.
They differ from Maurice Merleau-concept Ponty’s in that he
believes there’s also a mind. The body, soul, and mind are all
merged into one, unlike Socrates’ assertion that the body and soul
are separate entities.
They disagree regarding the concept of self because for Descartes,
it should be the mind, not the body or the soul, and for David
Hume, the body is nothing more than a machine that is associated
with the mind it’s a unified amalgamation of everything a person’s
experience
They disagree on David’s concept. Hume idea of self is that there
is no such thing as a self; it is a collection of different perceptions
from you and other people; he considers not only other people’s
perceptions but also his own; whereas John Locke’s idea is that it
is only other people’s perceptions; if what other people say about
him is all that matters.
They differ in their reasons for why there is there is no self: David

6.Socrates vs. Plato
7.Descartes vs. Plato Descartes agreed to Plato as a great thinker, we
that exists over time. And they both felt that the
8.Plato vs. St. Augustine
physical body was both superior to and distinct
9.St. Agustine vs. Socrates
10. Immanuel Kant vs. John
Locke
convenient name for us to refer to one’s behavior. It’s just the way
They both believe that the self is made up of
body and soul. The self is more than simply a
physical body; it is also the psyche.
Both believed that human beings’ ability to
reason is what makes us human. Since
have an extraordinary instrument to achieve
truth and knowledge
Both believe that the self is an immortal soul
made up of two parts: body, and soul, which should be duplicated.
from its resident, the immortal soul.
Both believe that the body is the source of the
problem, and both believe that the self is an
immortal soul that exists over time.
Both believed in empiricism and felt that
freedom was necessary for human rationality.
Hume believes there’s no self because self is just a label, a
convenient name for us to refer to one’s behavior while Gilbert
Ryle believes there’s no self because self is just a label, a
people act.
They differ in their understanding of the soul, because for
Socrates, the soul is simply a soul, whereas for Plato, the soul
consists of three elements: appetitive, rational, and spirited. And
justice only works if all three components are in sync with one
another. Plato also believes that the soul is superior to the body.
They differ in Descartes’ idea because, unlike Plato, Descartes
aimed to understand the nature of our reasoning process and its
relationship to the human ego, rather than merely employing
reason to try to answer problems
They vary in St. Augustine’s belief that the body and soul are
separated or bifurcated, whereas Plato believes that the self is
They vary in St. Augustine’s belief that the body and soul are
separated or bifurcated, because Socrates believes that the self is
made up of two bodies and souls, and that it is duplicated.
They disagree on Kant’s concept. Locke, on the other hand,
believed in empiricism with reason and believed in both
rationalism and empiricism.