SEMINAR LINGUISTIC

(COMPOUND SENTENCES)

BY :
NURUL INAYAH BASARUN
06211711028

ENGLISH LITERATURE DEPARTEMENT

FACULTY OF CULTURAL SCIENCE
KHAIRUN UNIVERSITY
TERNATE
2020
 Chapter I
Introduction

1.2 Background
Linguistics is the study of language - how it is put together and how it functions. Various
building blocks of different types and sizes are combined to make up a language. Sounds are
brought together and sometimes when this happens, they change their form and do interesting
things. Words are arranged in a certain order, and sometimes the beginnings and endings of the
words are changed to adjust the meaning. Then the meaning itself can be affected by the
arrangement of words and by the knowledge of the speaker about what the hearer will
understand. Linguistics is the study of all of this. There are various branches of linguistics which
are given their own name, some of which are described below. Linguists are people who study
linguistics.

Syntax is the study of how phrases, clauses and sentences are constructed and combined
in particular languages. Writing a grammar requires defining the rules that govern the structure
of the sentences of the language. Such rules involve both the order of words, and the form of
words in their various possible positions. There are common patterns among even unrelated
languages, and many linguists believe this is the result of general principles which apply to most,
if not all, languages. For example, languages where the direct object generally follows the verb
have a lot of things in common, in contrast to the things in common held by languages in which
the direct object generally precedes the verb.

English parts of speech often follow ordering patterns in sentences and clauses, such as
compound sentences are joined by conjunctions (and, but, or) or that multiple adjectives
modifying the same noun follow a particular order according to their class (such as number-size-
color, as in "six small green chairs").

1.1 Statement of problems

1. What is compound sentences ?

2. What are three types of compounds sentences ?

 Chapter II
Discussion

2.1 Compound sentences

A compound sentence is a sentence with at least two independent clauses and no

dependent clauses.What’s an independent clause? It’s a phrase that can stand alone as a sentence.
“I slept late” is an independent clause. So are “The sun is shining” and “Ella got a new dog.”
Each has a subject and a verb and makes sense on its own. Examples of dependent clauses,
which can’t be complete sentences on their own include: “whenever I go to the lake,” “how she
got lost,” and “what makes him happy.” They don’t make sense on their own.

A compound sentence must contain at least two independent clauses. Here’s an example:
“I practiced piano every day, yet I never got very good at it.” The two independent clauses are “I
practiced piano every day” and “I never got very good at it.” They are joined by a comma and
the coordinating conjunction “yet.” Both clauses have a subject and verb and make sense on their
own, and since there are no dependent clauses, we know this is a compound sentence.

If a sentence contains only one independent clause, then it is a simple sentence, not a
compound sentence. A sentence with three or more independent clauses (and no dependent
clauses) is still a compound sentence, but once you begin adding in dependent clauses, it
becomes a compound-complex sentence, which we discuss later on. Here is what a compound
sentence example looks like diagrammed. 

2.2 Types of compound sentences

A、Coordinating Conjunction and a Comma

The most common way independent clauses in a compound sentence are linked is with
acoordinating conjunction and a comma. There are seven coordinating conjunctions: for, and,
nor but, or, yet, so. (The acronym FANBOYS is often used to help remember them.) When you
use one of these conjunctions to link the clauses, you must include a comma immediately before
the conjunction.
Eg: I ran the entire way there, but I still missed the bus.

B、Semicolon

Semicolons join two independent clauses without any joining words like conjunctions.
Independent clauses separated by a semicolon could have been separated by a period and made
into two separate sentences, but the author chose to keep the clauses linked in a single sentence. 

Example: France is my favorite country to visit; I never run out of things to do there.

A、Colon

A colon is used to give more information about something mentioned in the preceding
sentence.Be careful though; most of the phrases following a colon aren’t independent clauses, so
it’s rare for a sentence with a colon to be a compound sentence.

Example: I learned my lesson: I can’t be trusted in Vegas.

B、Dash

Dashes can be used in place of colons or semicolons, and they’re used when the author wants to
create a more abrupt stop or to emphasize the words after the dash. (Same with colons, be aware
that most words that follow a dash aren’t an independent clause.)

Example: He wasn’t just late -- he didn’t show up at all.

Chapter III
 Conclusion

A compound sentence is a sentence consisting of two simple sentences (simple

sentences). This can happen if the two simple sentences are inserted with a coordinate
conjunction between them. The coordinate conjunction consists of for, and, nor but, or, yet, so.

References

https://www.sil.org/linguistics/what-linguistics

https://www.thoughtco.com/syntax-grammar-1692182