Pabna University of Science and Technology

Dept. of EEE
Lab Report:Sessional on Electrical Measurement and
Instrumentation(EEE-3216)

Submitted by: Submitted to:

Sheikh Zannat E Noor Md. Feroz Ali
Roll:180221 Assistant Professor
Year:Third Dept of EEE
Semester:Scond
Session:2017-18
 Index

1)Measurement of resistance by wheatstone bridge.

2)Measurement of Inductance by Wattmeter,Voltmeter,Ammeter.

3) Measurement of capacitance by Wattmeter,Voltmeter,Ammeter.

4)Use of potential transformer and current transformer.

5)Measurement of high resistance by using Megger.

6)Extension of Ammeter and Voltmeter range.

Experiment No 01: Measurement of Resistance by Wheatstone Bridge.

Apparatus Required:
1) A Wheatstone Bridge.
2) Unknown Resistance (1080, 2.5A).
3) D.C. supply (Range 0-6 V).
4) Galvanometer -1 (one) piece.

circuit diagram:

Data Table:

Serial Multiplier Deflection in Division Variable Standard Unknown

No Reading, Resistance, R Q Resistance
Q/P
Left Null Right

01 1 Null 108 108

Discussion:At first we have connected the circuit as given.We made the value for
resistance Q and P equal,such that Q/P equals 1.At equilibrium galvanometer gives the
reading null.Accordingly from the equation,we can easily determine the unknown
resistance.

Experiment No 02: Measurement of Inductance by Wattmeter, Voltmeter &

Ammeter.
Apparatus Required:
1)Voltmeter ( 0-300 V) -1 (one).
2)Ammeter ( 0-2.5 A) -1 (one).
3)Wattmeter (0-600 V, 0-5A) -1 (one).
4)Inductor - 1(one).

circuit diagram:

Inductor

Data Table:

Serial Wattmeter Voltmeter Ammeter Resistance Impedance Inductance

No reading, reading, reading, W/12
w
1 23 215 0.503 90.905 427.435 1.32944

Discussion:At first ,we have connected the circuit as given.Then we note down all the
readings.

Experiment No 03:Measurement of Capacitance by Wattmeter, Voltmeter &

Ammeter.
Apparatus Required:
1)Voltmeter ( 0-300 V) 1 (one)
2)Ammeter ( 0-2.5 A) 1 (one)
3)Wattmeter (0-600 V, 0-5A) 1 (one)
4)Capacitor rack 1 (one)

Circuit diagram:

Capacitor

Data Table:

Ckt Wattmeter Voltmeter Ammeter Resistance Impedance Capacitance

NO Reading, W Reading, V Reading, R=W/I2 Ω Z=V/I C=

1
2 πf √ Z −R
2 2
A

1 3 214 0.230 56.71 930.43 3.43

Discussion:At first ,we have connected the circuit as given.Then we note down all the
readings.

Experiment No 04:Use of Potential Transformer & Current Transformer.

(a) Use of Potential Transformer (P.T.) at no load.

 Potential Transformers are generally used to measure the voltage of a high tension
line with the help of a low range voltmeter.

Apparatus Required:

1. Potential Transformer (230/115V)— 1 (One)

2. Voltmeter ( 0-300V) 2 (Two)
3. Variac 1 (One)
Circuit diagram:

Data Table:

Serial Primary Secondary Turns Ratio (VAS) % of

No. Voltage (Vp) Voltage (Vs) Meter Reading ratio
error
1 250 28.42 9.17 8.8 4%
Discussion:At first ,we have connected the circuit as given.Then we note down all the
readings. We take the turns ratio as the multiplying factor.If we multiply the factor with
secondary voltage ,we almost get the value of the supply voltage.

(b)Use of Current Transformer (C.T.)

C.T. is useful to measure high current with the help of a low range ammeter.
Apparatus Required:
1)Current Transformer (120/5 A)— 1 (One)
2)Ammeter (l A) 1 (One)
3)Ammeter (15 A) 1 (One)
4)Resistance (37 Ω, 230 V, 5 A)— 3 (Three)

C.T
Circuit diagram:

Data Table:

Turns Ratio (Ip/ls) % of

Serial No. Supply ratio
Current (Ip) C.T. Reading Meter Reading error
(Is)
1 3.0A 350 mA 9.16 8.57 6.44%

Discussion:At first ,we have connected the circuit as given.Then we note down all the
readings.We take the turns ratio as the multiplying factor.If we multiply the factor with
C.T. reading ,we almost get the value of the supply current.

Experiment No 05: Measurement of High Resistance by using Megger.

Megger is used to determine the insulation resistance (high resistance) of an

electrical equipment. It has three terminals i.e. Line Terminal (L), Earth Terminal (E)
and Guard Terminal (G). Resistance is measured between the Line and Earth
terminals.
Apparatus Required:

1. A Megger 1 (One)
2. Digital Mustimeter 1 (One)
3. Unknown Resistance (mega ohm range)

Circuit diagram:

fig:Megger

Data:

Actual value of the Resistor = 4.67 M ohm

Measured value of the Resistor = 4.57 M ohm
Error=2.15%

Discussion:
If the cables are still connected with the components / devices, will result in the
components / devices will be damaged.
The megger produced approximately 1000 volt when rotating the crank by hand.

Experiment No 06:Extension of Ammeter and Voltmeter range.

(a)Extension of Ammeter Range.
If a shunt resistance is connected with an ammeter,its range can be extended.If the shunt
resistance is equal to the resistance of the internal resistance of the meter,its range will be
doubled.
Circuit Diagram:

Apparatus Required:
1)Ammeter (1A)
2)Ammeter (5A)
3)Rheostat (104 ohm)

Data table:
Serial No Supply voltage Ammeter Ammeter %Error of A1
reading,A1(ohm) reading,A2(ohm)
01 220 2 0.8 4.7%

(b)Extension of Voltmeter Range

A series resistance can be connected with a voltmeter to extend its range.
Circuit Diagram:
Apparatus Required:

1)Voltmeter(0-150V)

2)Voltmeter(0-300V)

3)Resistance(370 ohm)

4)Variac.

Data table:

Serial Supply Voltmeter Voltmeter %Error

No. Voltage reading,V2(volts) reading,V1(volts) of V1

01 220 209 201 3%

Discussion:For both ammeter and voltmeter we have calculated the multiplying

factor.When we are multiplying the factor with A1 and V1 for both cases we can have
the value of ammeter and voltmeter of bigger range.