Unit and Dimension 11

PHYSICS PLANET JEE(MAIN),NEET &11th
PHYSICS PLANET
( PURNEA )
UNIT & DIMENSION

THEORY AND EXERCISE BOOKLET
JEE(MAIN),NEET & 11th
Author:- Er. HEMANT KUMAR
Page 1 PHYSICS PLANET PURNEA,RANGBHUMI MAIDAN ROAD ,THANA CHOWK PURNEA(BIHAR)

CONTACT 7633903477/,VISIT US ON msiitphysics.com
UNIT & DIMENSIONS

Here we know that length and time are the
1. PHYSICAL QUANTITIES
fundamental quantities.
The quantities by means of which we describe
the laws of physics are called physical quantities. Example
Quantities
A physical quantity is completely specified if it based on
has Ex.1 The Bernoulli's equation is given by
1
(1) Magnitude only P+ dv2 + dgh = constant. The quantity
Ratio 2
dv2/2 has the same units as that of –
Refractive index, dielectric constant
(2) Magnitude and unit
Scalar
Mass, charge, current (1) Force (2) Impulse
(3) Magnitude, unit and direction (3) Strain (4) Pressure
Vector Sol.(4) Pressure (only quantities with identical
Displacement, torque. dimensions can be added or subtracted)
Physical quantity = Magnitude × unit
Ex.2 Which of the following sets can not enter
1.1 Quantities : These are of two types – into the list of fundamental quantities in any
system of units ?
(1) Fundamental quantities
(1) Length, mass and velocity
(2) Derived quantities (2) Length, time and velocity
(1) Fundamental quantities : (3) Mass, time and velocity
The quantities which do not depend upon other (4) Length, time and mass
physical quantities are called fundamental Sol.(2) The group of fundamental quantities are
quantities and all other quantities may be those quantities which do not depend upon
expressed in terms of the fundamental quantity. other physical quantities in the group. But in
There are of seven fundamental quantities in SI set (2) we can predict the relation between
system- given quantities as length = velocity × time
(i) Mass Hence set (2) can not enter in to the list of
(ii) Length fundamental quantities.
(iii) Time Hence correct answer is (2).
(iv) Temperature
(v) Electric current
2. UNITS
(vi) Luminous intensity
(vii) Amount of substance 2.1 That fixed and definite quantity which we take as
our standard of reference and by which we
These quantities are also called base quantities.
measure other quantities of same kind, is defined
(2) Derived quantities : unit. There are of two types.
The quantities which are derived with the help of (1) Fundamental Units
fundamental quantities is called derived (2) Derived Units
quantities as
Distance Length (1) Fundamental Units : The units which are
Speed = 
Time Time independent and which are not be derived
from other units, are defined as fundamental

units. e.g. The unit of mass, length, and Quantity C.G.S. M.K.S. F.P.S. S.I.(Symb.)
time. Mass gm kg pound kg
Length cm m foot metre
There are seven fundamental units. Time second sec sec second
Temperature kelvin kelvin kelvin (K)
(i) Unit of mass Electric ampere ampere(A)
(ii) Unit of length Current
Luminous candela (cd)
(iii) Unit of time Intensity
Amount of mole(mol)
(iv) Unit of temperature substance
(v) Unit of electric current 2.5 Some definitions of fundamental units in S.I.
system :
(vi) Unit of luminous intensity (1) Metre : One metre is that distance which
(vii)Unit of amount of substance accommodates 1, 650, 763.73 waves in
vacuum of orange red light emitted by Kr 86.
(2) Standard Units : The fixed and definite real (2) Kilogram :
value of any physical quantity is defined as (i) Kilogram is the mass of platinum iridium
standard unit. 2.2 Properties of Units : cylinder of diameter equal to its height
The unit of a physical quantity is inversely which is preserved in a vault at international
1 Bureau of weights and measures at Severs
proportional to its numerical value i.e., u 
n near Paris.
where u and n are the units of physical quantity (ii) 1 kilogram is the mass of 1 lit. of water at
and its numerical value respectively. Relation
between unit and its numerical value n1 u1 = n2 4ºC
u2 (iii) 1 kilogram is the mass of 5 × 1025 atoms
of C12
2.3 Selection Criteria Of Units :
(3) Second : One second is that amount of time
(i) Selected unit must be universal, of proper
size and magnitude in which a cesium-33 atom makes 9, 192, 631,
(ii) Unit must be not affected by temperature, 770 vibration in a cesium watch.
pressure and time. (4) Ampere : One amp is that electric current
(iii) Easily definable and reproducible. which when passed through two parallel
conductors of infinite length and of
2.4 System Of Units Used :
negligible cross section placed at unit
These are of Four types –
(i) C.G.S – (Centimeter – Gram – Second) distance apart produce a force of 2 × 10–7
system. N/m.
(ii) M.K.S. – (Metre – Kilogram – Second) system (5) Kelvin :
th
(iii) F.P.S. – (Foot – Pound – Second) system  1 
(i) 1 Kelvin is equal to the   part of the
 100 
(iv) S.I. – (System – international) system
difference of melting point of ice and
boiling point of water.
Following table will show the difference
1
between all the systems. (ii) 1 Kelvin is equal to th part of the
273.16
thermodynamic temperature of triple point
of water (273.16 K)
(6) Candela : It is the luminous intensity in a
direction at right angles to surface of a black
body at a temperature equal to melting point

of platinum under pressure of 101, 325 The dimensional formula for force is (M1L1T–
N/m2. 2)
(7) Mole : Hence the conversion formula for force

(i) Mole is that amount of substance contains as becomes
many elementary entities as there are 1 1 2
M  L   T1 
oxygen atoms (8O16) in 0.016 kg of oxygen n 2 = n1  1   1   
(old def.).  M 2   L2   T2 
Here n1 = 10 N, n2 = 1, Substituting we
(ii) It is that amount of substance which
contains as many elementary entities as get
2 2
there are carbon atoms 6C12 in 0.012 kg of M   L1   T1 
carbon. 1 = 10  1      ......(1)
 M2   L 2   T2 
2.6 Supplementary Unit :
The dimensional formula for work is (M1 L2
(1) Radian :  1 radian is the angle subtended T–2)
by arc of length equal to the radius, at the
1 2 2
centre of the circle. M  L  T 
n2 = n1  1   1   1 
(2) Steradian : It is defined as the solid angle  M 2   L 2   T2 
subtended at the centre of the sphere by an
arc of its surface equal to the square of n1 = 5 J, n2 = 1
radius of the sphere. Substituting values we get
A 1 2 2
Solid angle  = 2 M  L  T 
R 1 = 5  1   1   1  .......(2)
 M 2   L 2   T2 
when A = R2
Similarly dimensional formula for velocity
  = 1 steradian is (M0 L1 T–1).
Example
Units Hence, conversion formula for velocity is
based on 0 1 1
M  L  T 
Ex.3 The acceleration due to gravity is 9.80 m/s2. n2 = n1  1   1   1 
 M 2   L 2   T2 
What is its value in ft/s2 ?
Here n1 = 0.5 ms–1 , n2 = 1,
Sol. Because 1 m = 3.28 ft, therefore
Substituting values we get
9.80 m/s2 = 9.80 × 3.28 ft/s2
1 1
L   T1 
= 32.14 ft/s2 1 = 0.5  1    ........(3)
Ex.4 A cheep wrist watch loses time at the rate of  L2   T2 
8.5 second a day. How much time will the 1  L1 
watch be off at the end of a month ? Dividing (2) by (1), 1 =   ,
2  L2 
Sol. Time delay = 8.5 s/day
L1 1
= 8.5 × 30 s/ (30 day) L2 =  m = 0.5 m
2 2
= 255 s/month
L 
= 4.25 min/month. Substituting value of  1  in (3), we get
 L2 
Ex.5 If the units of force, energy and velocity in
1
new system be 10N, 5J and 0.5 ms–1 T 
respectively, find the units of mass, length 1 = 0.5 × 2  1  ,
and time in that system.  T2 
Sol. Let M1, L1 and T1 be the units of mass, T1
= 1, T2 = 1s
length and time in SI and M2, L2 and T2 the T2
corresponding units in new system.

L   T1  (8) The dimensions of two physical quantities

Substituting value of  1  and   in (1) may be same but the quantities need not be
 L2   T2  similar.
M  (9) Remember the following dimensional
1 = 10  1  × 2 × 1,
 M2  formula-
M  Force = [M1L1T–2]
1 = 20  1  , Energy = [M1L2T–2]
 M2 
M2 = 20 M1 as M1 = 1kg, M2 = 20 kg.
Hence units of mass, length and time are 20 kg,
0.5 m and 1 sec respectively
3.2. Uses of Dimension : The uses of dimension are
3. DIMENSIONS as given below.
3.1. Dimensions of a physical quantity are the powers 3.2.1 Homogeneity of dimensions in equation.
to which the fundamental units of mass, length,
time etc. must be raised in order to represent that 3.2.2 Conversion of units
physical quantity. 3.2.3 Deducing relation among the physical
quantities.
Dimensional formula = [Ma Lb Tc Qd] where a,
b, c, d are the dimensions of M, L, T, Q 3.2.1 Homogeneity of Dimensions in Equation :
respectively. The dimensions of all the terms in an equation
Some Points About Dimensions : must be identical. This simple principle is called
(1) The dimensions of a physical quantity do the principle of homogeneity of dimensions. This
not depend upon system of units to represent is the very useful method whether an equation
may be correct or not. If the dimensions of all the
that physical quantity.
terms are not same the equation must be wrong.
(2) Pure numbers and pure ratio do not have any Let us check the equation.
dimensions. i.e. these are dimension less, 1 2
e.g. refractive index, relative density, x = ut + at
2
relative permeability, cos , , strain etc.
[x] = L
(3) Similar dimension can be added or [ut] = velocity × time
subtracted but it does not change the
length
dimensions. = × time = L
time
(4) For a physical equation to be correct
dimensionally the dimension of all terms on 1 2 2
 2 at  = [at ]
two sides of the equation must be same. This  
is known as the principle of homogeneity of = acceleration × (time)2
dimensions. velocity
= × (time)2
(5) Logarithmic functions as log x, ex is the time
dimension less quantity. length / time
= × time2 = L
(6) Powers are dimension less. time
(7) If we put the value of any physical quantity Thus the equation is correct as far as the
in any formula it seems unbalanced but dimensions are concerned. The equation x = ut +
reality is that it is balanced formula. Only at2 is also dimensionally correct although this is
appearance is unbalanced as : an incorrect equation. So a dimensionally correct
equation need not be physically correct but a
a
Sn = u + (2n – 1) dimensionally wrong equation must be wrong.
2
3.2.2 Conversion of Units :

When we choose to work with a different set of 1
units for the base quantities, the units of all the Giving a = ,b=0
2
derived quantities must be changed. Dimensions
1
can be useful in finding the conversion factor for and c =–
the unit of a derived physical quantity from one 2
system to other. 
Ex.6 Convert the 1 pascal in to C.G.S. system Putting this values in the equation t = k
g
F
Sol. P= 3.3. Limitations of the dimensional method :
A
(1) First of all we have to know the quantities on
[F] MLT 2 which a particular physical quantity depends.
Thus, [P] =  = ML–1T–2
[A] L2 (2) Method works only if the dependence is of the
So, 1 pascal = (1kg) (1m)–1 (1s)–2 1 2
product type (Not applicable for x = ut + at )
and 2
1 C.G.S. pressure = (1g) (1 cm)–1 (1s)–2
(3) Numerical constants having no dimensions can
Thus not be deduce by the method of dimensions.
1pascal
(4) Method works only if there are as many
1 CGS pressure equations available as there are unknowns.
1 2
 1kg   1m   1s 
=       Example
Dimensions
 1gm   1cm   1s  based on
Ex.8 A gas bubble from an explosion under

= (103) (102)–1 = 10
water, oscillates with a period T
or 1 pascal = 10 CGS pressure proportional to pa db Ec where p is the static
One can work out the conversion factor for any pressure, d is the density of water and E is
derived quantity if the dimensional formula of the total energy of explosion. Find the
the derived quantity is known. values of a, b and c.
3.2.3 Deducing Relation among the physical Sol. As T  pa db Ec = k pa db Ec
quantities : Some times dimensions can be used k is dimensions on both sides
to deduce a relation between the physical M0L0T1 = (M1L–1T–2)a (M1L–3)b (M1 L2 T–2)c
quantities. If one knows the quantities on which
a particular physical quantity depends and if one = Ma + b + c L–a – 3b + 2c T – 2a – 2c
is given that this dependence is of product type. Applying principle of homogeneity of
Method of dimension may be helpful to derive dimensions
the relation. 5 1 1
 a= ,b= ,c=
Ex.7 Derive the expression for the time period of 6 2 3
a simple pendulum which depends on the length,
mass, and gravitational acceleration. Ex.9 The velocity v of water waves depends upon
Sol. t  a mb gc t = k a mb gc their wavelength , density of water  and
acceleration due to gravity, 'g'. Deduce by
where k is a dimensionless constant and a, b and the method of dimensions the relation
c are exponents which we want to evaluate. between these quantities.
Taking the dimensions of both sides,
Sol. Let the velocity v of water waves be given
T = La Mb (LT–2)c = La + c Mb T–2c by
Since the dimensions on both side must be v  a b gc
identical we have
v = ka b gc ......
a+c=0
(1),
b=0
where k is dimensionless constant of
and –2c = 1 proportionality and a, b, c are powers to be

determined using principle of homogeneity Ex.10 If force F, length , current I and time T are
of dimensions. taken as fundamental base dimensions, then
Taking dimensions on both sides of equation the dimension of permittivity 0 are –
(1), we have
(1) F L2 T2 I–2 (2) F–1 L2 T2 I2
M0 L1 T–1 = [M0 L1 T0]a [M1 L–3 T0]b (3) F–1 L–2 T2 I2 (4) F2 L2 T2 I2
[M0 L1 T–2]c = Mb La – 3b + c T–2c 1 q1q 2
Comparing dimensions of mass, Sol.(3) Since F =
40 r 2
length and time, we get
[q1  q 2 ] (IT) (IT)
1
b = 0, c = , a =
1 we have [0] = 
2 2 [F][r 2 ] FL2
v = k1/2 0 g1/2, , Thus v  g = F–1 L–2 T2 I2

The correct answer is (3)
SOLVED EXAMPLES
Ex.1 If velocity, force and time are taken to be (1) Velocity (2) Length
fundamental quantities, find dimensions (3) Area (4) Volume
formula for (1) mass.  2 2
(1) K–1 V–1 FT (2) K V–1 FT Sol. Given quantity is = (a – b ) h
3
(3) K V F–1 T–1 (4) K V–1 F–1 T dimension of h = [L]
Sol. Let the mass is represented by M then dimension of a2 – b2 = [L2 – L2] = L2
M = f (V, F, T)
Therefore the dimension of the given
Assuming that a function is product of
quantity are [L3]. Thus the quantity being
power functions of V, F and T
measured is volume.
M = KVx Fy Tz
Ans. (4)
Where K is a dimension less constant of
proportionality. The above equation
dimensionally becomes.
[M] = [LT–1]x [MLT–2]y [T]2
i.e. [M] = [My] [Lx + y T – x – 2y + z ]
So equation becomes
[M] = [My Lx + y T– x – 2y + z]
For dimensionally correct expression,
y = 1, x + y = 0 and – x – 2y + z = 0  Ex.3 When a current of 2.3 ± 0.5 ampere flows
   x = –1, y = 1 and z = 1. through a wire, it develops a potential
difference of 20 ± 1 volt. Find the resistance
therefore M = KV–1 FT. of the wire.
Hence correct answer is (2). (1) 6 ± 3 (2) 7 ± 2
Ex.2 A certain physical quantity is calculated (3) 8 ± 2 (4) 9 ± 3
 2 V 20  1
from the formula (a – b2) h where h, a Sol. R= = = 8 ± R
3 I 2.5  0.5
and b are all length. The quantity being the error in the measurement is
calculated is-

V I 1 0.5
=    = 0.05 + 0.2
V I 20 2.5
= 0.25
R = 0.25 R = 0.25 × 8 = 2
Thus the resistance of the wire with the error
is = 8 ± 2 ohm.
Hence correct answer is (3).
TRY YOUR SELF
EXERCISE # 1(A)
Q.1 Which pair have not equal dimensions- (3) Time
[AIPMT-2000] (4) Frequency
(1) Energy and torque

Q.5 The velocity v of a particle at time t is given by
(2) Force and impulse
(3) Angular momentum and Plank's constant b
v = at + , where a, b and c are constants.
(4) Elastic modulus and pressure tc
The dimensions of a, b and c are respectively.
Q.2 The dimension of Plank's constant equals to that [AIPMT-2006]
of- [AIPMT-2001] –2
(1) LT , L and T (2) L2, T and LT2
(1) Energy (2) Momentum (3) LT2, LT and L (4) L, LT and T2
(3) Angular momentum (4) Power
Q.6 'Parsec' is the unit of- [AIIMS-2005]
Q.3 The dimensions of universal gravitational (1) time
constant are- [AIPMT-2004] (2) distance
(1) ML2T–1 (2) M–2L3T–2 (3) frequency
(3) M–2L2T–1 (4) M–1L3T–2 (4) angular acceleration
Q.4 The ratio of the dimension of Plank's constant Q.7 Dimension of electrical resistance is-
and that of the moment of inertia is the [AIIMS-2005, AIPMT-2007]
dimension of- [AIPMT-2005] 2 –3
(1) ML T A –1
(2) ML2T–3A–2
(1) Velocity (3) ML3T–3A–2 (4) ML–1L3 T3 A2
(2) Angular momentum

Q.8 Which two of the following five physical (3) Velocity if a = 1, b = 0, c = –1
parameters have the same dimensions ? (4) Acceleration if a = 1, b = 1, c = –2
[AIPMT-2008]
Q.10 The dimension of (µ00)–1/2 are :
(a) energy density
[AIPMT Pre-2011]
(b) refractive index –1/2 1/2
(1) [L T ] (2) [L1/2 T–1/2]
(c) dielectric constant –1
(3) [L T] (4) [LT–1]
(d) Young's modulus
(e) magnetic field
Q.11 The density of a material in CGS system of units
(1) (a) and (d) (2) (a) and (e)
is 4 g/cm3. In a system of units in which unit of
(3) (b) and (d) (4) (c) and (e)
length is 10 cm and unit of mass is 100g, the
Q.9 If the dimensions of a physical quantity are value of density of material will be –
given by MaLbTc, then the physical quantity will [AIPMT Mains-2011]
be- [AIPMT-2009] (1) 0.04 (2) 0.4
(1) Force if a = 0, b = –1, c = –2 (3) 40 (4) 400
(2) Pressure if a = 1, b = –1, c = –2
EXERCISE # 1(B)
Q.1 Two physical quantities of which one is a vector Q.4 The equation of a wave is given by Y = Asin
and the other is a scalar having the same x 
  k  where  is the angular velocity and v
dimensional formula are- [EAMCET-1986] v 
(1) Work and energy is the linear velocity. The dimension of k is-
(2) Troque and work [MPPET-1993]
(3) Impulse and momentum (1) LT (2) T
(4) Power and pressure (3) T –1
(4) T2
Q.2 The fundamental unit which has same power in Q.5 Temperature can be expressed as a derived
the dimensional formula of surface tension and quantity in terms of which of the following-
viscosity is- [EAMCET-1989] [MPPET-1993]
(1) Mass (2) Length (1) Length and mass
(3) Time (4) None (2) Mass and time
(3) Length, mass and time
Q.3 The ratio of one micron to one nanometre is- (4) In terms of none of these
[MNR-1993] Q.6 The time dependence of a physical quantity P is
(1)103
(2) 10–3 given by P = P0 exp(–t2), where  is a constant
(3) 10–6 (4) 10–1 and t is time. The constant  [CPMT-1993]
(1) dimensionless
(2) has dimensions T–2
(3) has dimensions of P (2) Surface tension = N/m
(4) has dimensions T2 (3) Energy = kg - m/s
Q.7 Density of wood is 0.5 gm/cc in the CGS system of (4) Pressure = N/m2
units. The corresponding value in MKS units is- Q.12 Which of the following is not the unit of time ?
[NCERT-1973, CPMT-1993,JIPMER-1993] [DELHI PMT-1987, NCERT-1990, USSR
(1) 500 (2) 5 MEE-1991, CPMT-1991, AFMC-1996]
(3) 0.5 (4) 5000 (1) Micro second (2) Leap year
(3) Lunar months (4) Parallactic second
Q.8 Joule × s is the unit of-
[CPMT-1990, AIPMT-1993]
Q.13 Which of the following is smallest unit ?
(1) Energy
[AFMC-1996]
(2) Momentum
(1) Milimetre (2) Angstrom
(3) Angular momentum
(3) Fermi (4) Metre
(4) Power
Q.9 In a particular system the units of length mass and Q.14 Which the following functions of A and B may be
time are chosen to be 10 cm, 10 g and 0.1 s performed if A and B possess different
respectively. The unit of force in this system will dimensions? [CPMT-1997]
be equal to- [AIPMT-1993] (1) A/B (2) A + B
(1) 0.1 N (2) 1 N (3) A – B (4) None
(3) 10 N (4) 100 N
Q.15 Which relation is wrong ? [RPMT-1997]
Q.10 Match list I with list II and select the correct (1) 1 Calorie = 4.18 Joules
answer by using the codes given below the lists (2) 1Å = 10–10 m
[NDA-1995] (3) 1 MeV = 1.6 × 10–13 Joules
List I List-II (4) 1 Newton = 10–5 Dynes
(Item) (Units of length)
A. Distance between earth & stars 1. Micron Q.16 The dimensional formula of angular velocity is-
B. Inter atomic distance in a solid 2. Angstrom [JIPMER-1993, AFMC-1996,AIIMS-1998]
C. Size of nucleus 3. Light year (1) M0L0T–1 (2) MLT–1
D. Wavelength of infrared laser 4. Fermi (3) M0L0T–1 (4) ML0T–2
5. Kilometre
Codes A B C D Q.17 Which of the following is not the unit of length ?
(1) 5 4 2 1 [IIT-1998]
(2) 3 2 4 1 (1) micron (2) light year
(3) 5 2 4 3 (3) angstrom (4) radian
(4) 3 4 1 2
Q.18 Parsec is the unit of-
Q.11 Which one of the following quantities has not been [DPMT-1998, AIIMS-2005]
expressed in proper units ? (1) Speed (2) Time
[NCERT-1984, MNR-1995] (3) Distance (4) None of the above
(1) Stress/Strain = N/m2

Q.19 From the following pairs, choose the pair that does (4) 3 4 1 2
not have identical dimensions-
Q.24 Match the following - [RPMT-2001]
[BHU-1997, MPPMT-1998,MPPET-1998]
(a) Angular momentum (1) M–1L2T–2
(1) Impulse and momentum
(b) Torque (2) MT–2
(2) Work and torque
(c) Gravitational constant (3) ML2T–2
(3) Moment of inertia and moment of force
(d) Tension (4) ML2T–1
(4) Angular momentum and Planck's constant
(1) (c)  2, (d)  1
Q.20 A force F is given by F = at + bt2, where t is time.
(2) (a)  4, (b)  3
The dimension of 'a' and 'b' are
(3) (a)  3, (c)  1
[BHU-1998, AFMC-2000]
(1) [M L T ] and [ M L T–4]
–3 (4) (b)  2, (a)  1
(2) [ M L T–4] and [M L T–3] Q.25 A kilowatt hour is equal to-
(3) [M L T–1] and [M L T–2] [MP PMT-2002]
6
(4) [M L T–2] and [ M L T0] (1) 3.6 × 10 joule (2) 3.6 × 104 joule
(3) 3.6 × 103 joule (4) 6 × 10–4 joule
Q.21 The mechanical equivalent of heat J is-
[MP PET-2000] Q.26 The value of Planck's constant is-
(1) constant [AIPMT-2002]
–34
(2) a physical quantity (1) 6.63 × 10 J/s (2) 6.63 × 10–34 kg-m2/s
(3) a conversion factor (3) 6.63 × 10–34 kg-m2 (4) 6.63 × 10–34 J-s–2
(4) none of the above
Q.27 Units of Stefan constant is- [AFMC-1986,
Q.22 p q r
If the energy E = G h c where G is the universal MPPET-1992, MPPMT-1992,AIPMT-2002]
gravitational constant, h is the Planck's constant (1) watt-m2-K4 (2) watt-m2/K4
and c is the velocity of light, then the values of p, q (3) watt/m2-K (4) watt/m2K4
and r are, respectively- [AIPMT-2001]
(1) –1/2, 1/2 and 5/2 Q.28 Dimension of relative density is-
(2) 1/2, –1/2 and –5/2 [JIPMER-2003]
(3) –1/2, 1/2 and 3/2 (1) kg m–3 (2) ML–3
(4) 1/2, 1/2 and –3/2 (3) dimensionless (4) M2L–6
Q.23 Match list I with II and select the correct answer: Q.29 Planck's constant has dimensions of- [AIIMS-
[AIPMT-2001] 1985, MPPMT-1987, EAMCET-1990,
(A) spring constant (1) M1L2T–2 USSRMEE-1991, CPMT-1983,84,85,90,91,
(B) pascal (2) M0L0T–1 CBSE-2001,2002, MPPET2002,RPMT-2003]
(C) hertz (3) M1L0T–2 (1) Energy (2) Momentum
(D) joule (4) M1L–1T–2 (3) Frequency (4) Angular momentum
A B C D
(1) 3 4 2 1 Q.30 The equation of state of some gases can be
(2) 4 3 1 2  a 
expressed as  P  2 (V  b) =RT, where P is
(3) 4 3 2 1  V 

the pressure, V is the volume, T is the absolute (1) watt-sec (2) kilowatt-hour
temperature and a, b and R are constants. The (3) eV (4) J-sec
dimension of 'a' are-
[NCERT-84, MPPET-92, MPPMT-92,94, Q.32 Which of the following pairs does not have similar
MNR-95, AFMC-95, AIPMT-91,96, CPMT- dimensions ? [Haryana PMT-2004]
74,79,87,97, RPMT-2003, OrissaPMT-2004, (1) Planck's constant & angular momentum
UPCPMT-2004] (2) Tension and surface tension
(1) [ML5T–2] (2) [ML–1T–2] (3) Angle and strain
(3) [L3] (4) [L6] (4) Stress and pressure
Q.33 If dimensions of A and B are different, then which

of the following operation is valid ?
[RPMT-2008]
A
(1) (2) e–A/B
Q.31 Which of the following does not have the same B
unit as others ? [Orissa PMT-2004] (3) A – B (4) A + B
EXERCISE # 2
Q.1 The unit of power is- (2) dynes per square cm
(1) kilowatt (2) kilowatt-hour (3) pascal
(3) dyne (4) joule (4) bar
Q.2 The unit of energy is-

Q.6 Which of the following is not a unit for energy ?
(1) J/s (2) watt-day (1) Kilo watt hour (2) Newton- meter
(3) kilowatt (4) g-cm/s2 (3) (weber) (ampere) (4) None of these
Q.3 In the S.I. system, the unit of temperature is- Q.7 In SI unit the angular acceleration has unit of-
(1) degree centigrade (1) Nmkg–1 (2) ms–2
(2) Kelvin (3) rad.s–2 (4) Nkg–1
(3) degree Celsius
(4) degree Fahrenheit Q.8 Surface tension has unit of-
(1) Joule.m2 (2) Joule.m–2
Q.4 In the S.I. system the unit of energy is- (3) Joule.m (4) Joule.m3
(1) erg (2) calorie
(3) joule (4) electron volt Q.9 The M.K.S. units of coefficient of viscosity is-
(1) kg m–1s–1 (2) kg m s–2
Q.5 Unit of pressure in S.I. system is- (3) kg m2 s–1 (4) kg–1 m–1 s2
(1) atmosphere Q.10 A dimensionless quantity-
(1) never has a unit (2) always has a unit
(3) may have a unit (4) does not exist (2) Coefficient of viscosity
(3) Force constant
Q.11 [M L T –1] are the dimensions of- (4) Poisson’s ratio
(1) power (2) momentum
(3) force (4) couple
Q.18 Dimensions of magnetic flux density is -
(1) M1 L0 T–1A–1 (2) M1 L0 T–2A–1
Q.12 The dimensions of impulse are equal to that of- (3) M1 L1 T–2A–1 (4) M1 L0 T–1A–2
(1) force
(2) angular momentum L
Q.19 The dimensions of the quantity are -
(3) pressure RCV
(4) linear momentum (1) M0 L0 T1A1 (2) M0 L0 T–1A–1

(3) M0 L0 T0A1 (4) M0 L0 T0A–1
Q.13 Which of the following pairs have same

dimensions – Q.20 A and B are two physical quantities having
(a) Torque and work different dimensions. Then which of the
(b) Angular momentum and work following operation is dimensionally correct ?
(c) Energy and moment of inertia A
(1) A + B (2) log
(d) Light year and wavelengths B
(1) a and b (2) a and d A
(3) (4) eA/B
(3) b and c (4) a , b, and d B
Q.14 Which of the following does not have Q.21 Vander waal's gas equation is
dimensions of length ?  a 
 P  2  (V–b) = RT. The dimensions of
(1) Fermi (2) Micro  V 
(3) Angstrom (4) Radian constant a as given above are –
(1) M L4 T–2 (2) ML5 T–2
Q.15 The dimensional formula for angular (3) M L3 T–2 (4) M L2 T–2
momentum is –
(1) ML2T –2 (2) ML2T –1
Q.22 For 10(at+3) , the dimension of a is-
(3) MLT –1 (4) M0L2T –2 (1) M0 L0 T0 (2) M0 L0 T1
(3) M0 L0 T–1 (4) None of these
Q.16 Which of the following statement is wrong ?
(1) Unit of K.E. is Newton-metre Q.23 The velocity of a moving particle depends upon
(2) Unit of viscosity is poise b
time t as v = at + . Then dimensional
(3) Work and energy have same dimensions tc
(4) Unit of surface tension is Newton metre formula for b is –
Q.17 Which of the following is different from other (1) [M0 L0 T0] (2) [M0 L1 T0]
with a point of view of dimension ? (3) [M0 L1 T–1 ] (4) [M0 L1 T–2]
(1) Planck’s constant

Q. 24 The SI unit of length is the meter. Suppose we (3) Relative density
adopt a new unit of length which equals to (4) Gravitational constant
x meters. The area 1m2 expressed in terms of Q.30 Two quantities whose dimensions are not same,
the new unit has a magnitude- cannot be-
(1) x (2) x2 (1) multiplied with each other
1 1 (2) divided
(3) (4)
x x2
(3) added or subtracted in the same expression
Q.25 The units nanometre, fermi, angstrom and (4) added together
attometre, arranged in decreasing order will
read as- Q.31 If force, length and time would have been the
(1) angstrom, nanometre, fermi, attometre fundamental units, what would have been the
(2) fermi, attometre, angstrom, nanometre dimensional formula for mass ?
(3) nanometre, angstrom, fermi, attometre (1) F L–1 T2 (2) F L T–2

(4) attometre, angstrom, fermi, nanometre (3) F L T–1 (4) F
Q.26 Which of the following pairs of physical Q.32 If x = at + bt2, where x is in metre and t in hour
quantities has different dimensions ? (hr), then unit of b will be-
(1) stress, pressure (1) m2/hr (2) m

(2) Young’s modulus, energy density (3) m/hr (4) m/hr2
(3) density, relative density
Q.33 The equation of the stationary wave is
(4) energy, torque
 2ct   2x 
y = 2A sin   cos  
Q.27 If the unit of length is micrometre and the unit      
of time is microsecond, the unit of velocity will
Which of the following statements is wrong ?
be-
(1) the unit of ct is same as that of 
(1) 100 m/s (2) 10 m/s
(2) the unit of x is same as that of 
(3) micrometre/s (4) m/s
(3) the unit of 2 c/ is same as that of 2x/t
Q.28 A wave is represented by- (4) the unit of c/ is same as that of x/
y = a sin (At – Bx + C)
where A, B, C are constants. The Dimensions of Q.34 The dimension of which quantity is different
A, B, C are from the remaining three quantities-
(1) Elastic constants
(1) T–1, L, M0L0T0 (2)T–1, L–1, M0L0T0
(2) Pressure
(3) T, L, M (4) T–1, L–1, M–1
(3) Stress
Q.29 Which of the following is a dimensional
(4) Angular momentum per unit mass
constant ?
(1) Refractive index
(2) Dielectric constant

Q.35 Temperature can be represented as derived unit Q.41 Choose the wrong statement-
from which of the combination of units given (1)all quantities can be expressed dimensionally in
below – terms of the fundamental quantities
(1) mass and length (2) a fundamental quantity cannot be represented
(2) mass and time dimensionally in terms of the rest of
(3) mass, length and time fundamental quantities
(4) none of these (3) the dimension of a fundamental quantity, in
Q.36 The unit of temperature in SI system is- other fundamental quantities is always zero
(1) degree Celsius (4) the dimension of a derived quantity is

never zero in any fundamental quantity
(2) degree Fahrenheit
Q.42 The period of a body under S.H.M. is
(3) degree Kelvin
represented by : T  PaDbSc, where P is
(4) degree Reaumur
pressure, D is density and S is surface tension,
Q.37 If the units of length and force are increased then the values of a, b, and c are-
four times, then the unit of energy will- (1) –3/2, 1/2, 1 (2) –1, –2, 3
(1) becomes 8 times (3) 1/2, –3/2, –1/2 (4) 1, 2, 1/3
(2) becomes 16 times
(3) decrease 16 times Q.43 When a wave transverses in a medium, the
(4) increase 4 times displacement of a particle located at distance x
at time t is given by y = a sin(bt – cx) where a, b
Q.38 If Force = (x/density) + C is dimensionally and c are constants of the wave. The dimension
correct, the dimension of x are – of b/c are same as that of-
(1) MLT–2 (2) MLT–3 (1) wave velocity (2) wavelength
(3) ML2T–3 (4) M2L–2T–2 (3) wave amplitude (4) wave frequency
Q.39 If the units of length , velocity and force are

Q.44 Which of the following system of units is not
half, then the units of Power will be –
based on units of mass, length and time alone ?
(1) doubled
(1) SI (2) MKS
(2) halved
(3) FPS (4) CGS
(3) quadrupled
(4) remain unaffected
Q.45 Which of the following quantity is unitless ?
(1) Velocity gradient
Q.40 The distance covered by a particle in time t is
(2) Pressure gradient
given by x = a + bt + ct2 + dt3. The dimensions
of a and d are – (3) Displacement gradient
(4) Force gradient
(1) L, T–3 (2) L, LT–3
(3) L0, T3 (4) none of these

Q.46 The method of dimensional analysis can be used (2) A dimensionally correct equation may be
to derive which of the following relations ? incorrect
(1) N0e–t (2) A sin(t + kx) (3) A dimensionally incorrect equation may be
1 1 correct
(3) mv2  I2 (4) None of the above
2 2 (4) A dimensionally incorrect equation is
incorrect
Q.47 Which of the following does not have the

dimensions of force ? Q.49 A dimensionless quantity -
(1) Potential gradient (1) Never has a unit
(2) Energy gradient (2) Always has a unit
(3) Weight (3) May have a unit
(4) Rate of change of momentum (4) Does not exist
Q.50 A unitless quantity-

Q.48 Which of the following is incorrect statement? (1) Does not exist
(1) A dimensionally correct equation may be (2) Always has a nonzero dimension
correct (3) Never has a nonzero dimension
(4) May have a nonzero dimension 
EXERCISE # 3
These questions of two statements each, printed as Assertion and Reason. While answering these Questions
you are required to choose any one of the following four responses.
(1) If both Assertion & Reason are true & the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(2) If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(3) If Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(4) If Assertion & Reason both are false.
Q.1 Assertion : Light year and year, both measure time.

Reason : Light year is the time taken by the light to reach the earth from the sun.
Q.2 Assertion : All derived quantities may be represented dimensionally in terms of the base quantities.
Reason : The dimension of a base quantity in other base quantities is always zero.
d3y
Q.3 Assertion : If x and y are the distances along x and y axes respectively then the dimensions of is M0L–2T0.
dx 3

b
Reason : Dimensions of  y dx
a
is M0L2T0.
Q.4 Assertion : The equation y = 2x + t cannot be true if x and y are distances and t is time.
Reason : Quantities with different dimensions cannot be added.
Q.5 Assertion : The unit vectors î , ˆj and k̂ have units of distance and dimensions [M0L1T0]
Reason : The product of a scalar and a vector is a new scalar.
ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE-1(A)
Q.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Ans. 2 2 3 4 4 1 2 2 1 4 3
EXERCISE-1(B)

Q.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. 2 1 1 2 4 2 1 3 1 2 3 4 3 1 4 1 4 3 3 1
Q.No. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33
Ans. 3 1 1 2 1 2 4 3 4 1 4 2 1
EXERCISE-2
Q.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. 1 2 2 3 3 4 3 2 1 3 2 4 1 4 2 4 4 2 4 3
Q.No. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Ans. 2 3 2 4 3 3 4 2 4 3 2 4 4 4 4 3 2 4 3 2
Q.No. 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
Ans. 4 1 1 1 3 4 1 3 3 3
EXERCISE-3
Q.No. 1 2 3 4 5
Ans. 4 2 2 1 4


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PHYSICS PLANET JEE(MAIN),NEET &11th

UNIT & DIMENSION

Page 1 PHYSICS PLANET PURNEA,RANGBHUMI MAIDAN ROAD ,THANA CHOWK PURNEA(BIHAR)

UNIT & DIMENSIONS

Page 2 PHYSICS PLANET PURNEA,RANGBHUMI MAIDAN ROAD ,THANA CHOWK PURNEA(BIHAR)

Page 3 PHYSICS PLANET PURNEA,RANGBHUMI MAIDAN ROAD ,THANA CHOWK PURNEA(BIHAR)

(7) Mole : Hence the conversion formula for force

Page 4 PHYSICS PLANET PURNEA,RANGBHUMI MAIDAN ROAD ,THANA CHOWK PURNEA(BIHAR)

L   T1  (8) The dimensions of two physical quantities

Page 5 PHYSICS PLANET PURNEA,RANGBHUMI MAIDAN ROAD ,THANA CHOWK PURNEA(BIHAR)

Ex.8 A gas bubble from an explosion under

Page 6 PHYSICS PLANET PURNEA,RANGBHUMI MAIDAN ROAD ,THANA CHOWK PURNEA(BIHAR)

v = k1/2 0 g1/2, , Thus v  g = F–1 L–2 T2 I2

Page 7 PHYSICS PLANET PURNEA,RANGBHUMI MAIDAN ROAD ,THANA CHOWK PURNEA(BIHAR)

TRY YOUR SELF

(1) Energy and torque

Page 8 PHYSICS PLANET PURNEA,RANGBHUMI MAIDAN ROAD ,THANA CHOWK PURNEA(BIHAR)

Page 10 PHYSICS PLANET PURNEA,RANGBHUMI MAIDAN ROAD ,THANA CHOWK PURNEA(BIHAR)

Page 11 PHYSICS PLANET PURNEA,RANGBHUMI MAIDAN ROAD ,THANA CHOWK PURNEA(BIHAR)

Q.33 If dimensions of A and B are different, then which

Q.2 The unit of energy is-

(4) linear momentum (1) M0 L0 T1A1 (2) M0 L0 T–1A–1

Q.13 Which of the following pairs have same

Page 13 PHYSICS PLANET PURNEA,RANGBHUMI MAIDAN ROAD ,THANA CHOWK PURNEA(BIHAR)

(3) nanometre, angstrom, fermi, attometre (1) F L–1 T2 (2) F L T–2

(1) stress, pressure (1) m2/hr (2) m

Page 14 PHYSICS PLANET PURNEA,RANGBHUMI MAIDAN ROAD ,THANA CHOWK PURNEA(BIHAR)

(1) degree Celsius (4) the dimension of a derived quantity is

Q.39 If the units of length , velocity and force are

Page 15 PHYSICS PLANET PURNEA,RANGBHUMI MAIDAN ROAD ,THANA CHOWK PURNEA(BIHAR)

Q.47 Which of the following does not have the

Q.50 A unitless quantity-

Q.1 Assertion : Light year and year, both measure time.

Page 16 PHYSICS PLANET PURNEA,RANGBHUMI MAIDAN ROAD ,THANA CHOWK PURNEA(BIHAR)

Page 17 PHYSICS PLANET PURNEA,RANGBHUMI MAIDAN ROAD ,THANA CHOWK PURNEA(BIHAR)

Page 18 PHYSICS PLANET PURNEA,RANGBHUMI MAIDAN ROAD ,THANA CHOWK PURNEA(BIHAR)

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