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Heliyon D 20 00269 - R2
Heliyon D 20 00269 - R2
Section/Category: Chemistry
Manuscript Classifications: 60.100: Analytical chemistry; 60.160: Physical chemistry; 60.180: Surface Chemistry;
80.160: Agricultural Water Management; 90.160: Environmental Chemistry; 90.200:
Environmental Hazard
Sitti Aminah
Handajaya Rusli
Buchari Buchari
Abstract: Chromium species have different level of toxicities. For example, Cr(VI) is 100 times
more toxic than Cr(III). This characteristic makes speciation analysis of chromium
become important. This research will discuss about a development of a Flow Injection
Analysis-Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FIA-AAS) technique that utilizes bentonite
based functional material as a retention column. The separation, preconcentration and
trace analysis of the Cr species in the water has been successfully performed using a
Bt-MCCs mini-column in the FIA-AAS system. Analytical performance of the developed
method is described as repeatability, linearity, and detection limit. Analytical
performance for Cr(III) are 1.78 %, correlation coefficient 0.9975 for the concentration
range of 50–600 μg.L-1 , and 2.76 μg.L-1 , respectively. Whereas, analytical
performance for Cr(VI) are 0.60 %, correlation coefficient 0.9926 for concentration
range of 50–600 μg.L-1 , and 2.42 μg.L-1 , respectively. This limit detection is better
than the other selective method that has been reported using AAS as detector and the
concentration range can be widened with this limit detection. Evaluation of FIA
performance for both of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) is that it has an enrichment factor of 10 times
higher, it has a concentration efficiency of 12 hour-1 and it has a consumptive index of
12 mL. The analysis that was obtained in Cidurian River, West Java, Indonesia are
38.28 g.L-1 for Cr(III) and 26.73 g.L-1 for Cr(VI), while the accuracy are 98.84 % for
Cr(III), and 100.73 % for Cr(VI).
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Cover Letter
Chris Russell
Senior Editorial Assistant
Heliyon
In this manuscript, we showed FIA-AAS system with a Bt-MCCs column have good performance for speciation of Cr(III)
and Cr(VI) species and able to determine the concentration each of those species. This technique have been applied
for water sample from Cidurian River, West Java, Indonesia and also give good performance. We believe that, this
manuscript is appropriate for publication by Heliyon because it propose a new, low budget and easy technique to
determine trace concentration of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in environment, that is still a big problem until now.
This manuscript has not been published and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. We have no conflicts
of interest to disclose. If you have any question, please tell me. Thank you for your consideration.
Sincerely,
Handajaya Rusli
Analytical Chemistry Research Group
Institut Teknologi Bandung - Indonesia
Response to Reviewers
Please remove “Authors would like to express gratitude to P3MI-ITB Grant and
Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia
for Doctoral Thesis Research Grant” from your Acknowledgements, as this information
is handled separately.
After discussions with the handling editor, we are not convinced that references
“Separation and preconcentration of trivalent chromium in environmental waters by
using deep eutectic solvent with ultrasound-assisted based dispersive liquid-liquid
microextraction method
Journal of Molecular LiquidsVolume 2911 October 2019Article 111299
Speciation of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in geological and water samples by ytterbium(III)
hydroxide coprecipitation system and atomic absorption spectrometry
Food and Chemical ToxicologyVolume 49, Issue 7July 2011Pages 1633-1637
3-Ethyl-4-(p-chlorobenzylidenamino-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (EPHBAT) as
precipitant for carrier element free coprecipitation and speciation of
chromium(III) and chromium(VI)
Journal of Hazardous MaterialsVolume 172, Issue 115 December 2009Pages 395-399
Title: Speciation of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in environmental samples by using
coprecipitation with praseodymium(III) hydroxide and determination by flame atomic
absorption spectrometry
By: Soylak, Mustafa; Aydin, Ayse
Source: JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY Volume: 9 Issue: 3 Pages: 263-
267 Published: JUN 2012
Title: Preparation of a chelating resin by immobilizing 1-(2-pyridylazo) 2-naphtol
on amberlite XAD-16 and its application ' of solid phase extraction of Ni(II),
Cd(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Pb(II), and Cr(III) in natural water samples
By: Narin, I; Soylak, M; Kayakirilmaz, K; et al.
Source: ANALYTICAL LETTERS Volume: 36 Issue: 3 Pages: 641-658 Published: 2003
Title: Speciation of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) after column solid phase extraction on
Amberlite XAD-2010
By: Bulut, V. N.; Duran, C.; Tufekci, M.; et al.
Source: JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Volume: 143 Issue: 1-2 Pages: 112-117
Published: MAY 8 2007
” are necessary in improving your manuscript. Please reconsider the importance of
these references and remove any that you do not feel are necessary to improve your
manuscript.
Response
We have considered the editor’s input about references and agreed with it. We only included one
reference from Bulut, et al, because its related to our experiment. We have also improved the
acknowledment part according to the input.
Revised manuscript file - highlighting revisions made