Packet Tracer Multiarea Ospf Exploration Physical Mode Part 1sabordo

Background / Scenario
Part 1: The Beginning

Casual Recording Company (CRC), based in Sao Paulo, Brazil, provides self-serve, mini-recording
studios around the city so that anyone can rent a timeslot and record their songs by themselves. CRC
began with a single-area OSPF network located in one building. This idea was very popular and
consequently the business has grown, causing the company to expand into a branch office in a
second building at the far end of the city. They continued to use single-area OSPF. You will evaluate
the impact of the expanded network.
Part 2: Business is Booming
The IT department in CRC decided to migrate to a multiarea OSPF network. You will evaluate the
impact and benefits derived from the change to determine if it was a good decision or not.
Part 3: CRC Expansion Continues
CRC has continued to grow and will open a new branch office in Montevideo, Uruguay. You will
configure the Area Border Router for the new area and physically connect the branch office network
to the corporate headquarters network through the internet.
Instructions
Part 1: Evaluate Single-Area OSPF Network Operation

In this part, CRC has expanded to a second location in Sao Paulo and currently uses single-area
OSPF routing.
Step 1: Explore OSPF in the Corporate Headquarters.

a. Click the city icon for Sao Paulo. Notice that there are two buildings connected by a fiber link.
b. Click Corporate HQ, and then click the rack icon that represents the Sao Paulo HQ Wiring
Closet.
c. Click B1_R4, and then select the CLI tab.
d. The terminal should show that G0/0/0 and G0/0/1 are up and that four adjacencies have been
established, as shown below. If not, wait for the OSPF loading process to complete.
<output omitted>
Press RETURN to get started!

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0, changed
state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1, changed
state to up
23:00:45: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 172.17.1.1 on GigabitEthernet0/0/1 from
LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
23:00:45: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.2.1 on GigabitEthernet0/0/0
from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done

B1_R4>
e. Execute the show ip route command. Notice the size of the routing table and the routes learned
via OSPF from the routers in the Sao Paulo Branch Office.
B1_R4>
Codes: L – local, C – connected, S – static, R – RIP, M – mobile, B – BGP
D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external, O – OSPF, IA – OSPF inter area
N1 – OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 – OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 – OSPF external type 1, E2 – OSPF external type 2, E – EGP
i – IS-IS, L1 – IS-IS level-1, L2 – IS-IS level-2, ia – IS-IS inter area
* – candidate default, U – per-user static route, o – ODR
P – periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 11 subnets, 3 masks
O10.10.0.0/30 [110/3] via 192.168.0.10, 00:05:09, GigabitEthernet0/0/1
172.17.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C192.168.0.0/29 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0/0
L192.168.0.4/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0/0
f. On B1_R4, execute the show ip ospf command.

B1_R4> show ip ospf
Routing Process “ospf 1” with ID 192.168.0.9
Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes
Supports opaque LSA
SPF schedule delay 5 secs, Hold time between two SPFs 10 secs
Minimum LSA interval 5 secs. Minimum LSA arrival 1 secs
Number of external LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of opaque AS LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
External flood list length 0
Area BACKBONE(0)
Number of interfaces in this area is 2
Area has no authentication
SPF algorithm executed 3 times
Area ranges are
Number of LSA 19. Checksum Sum 0x078182
Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless LSA 0
Number of indication LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
Flood list length 0
Questions:
Record the number of times that the SPF algorithm has been executed.
In Packet Tracer, answers will vary.
How many areas are displayed on router B1_R4?
One area, Area 0 is displayed
g. Keep the console window for B1_R4 open. Click B1_R2, and then select the CLI tab. Execute the
same two commands.
B1_R2# show ip route

Codes: L – local, C – connected, S – static, R – RIP, M – mobile, B – BGP
C192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
L192.168.2.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
B1_R2# show ip ospf
Supports opaque LSA
Area BACKBONE(0)
Area ranges are
Number of LSA 19. Checksum Sum 0x078291
Flood list length 0
For the show ip route command, compare the output of B1_R2 to the output of B1_R4. Notice
that the B1_R2 routing table, with the exception of local and connected routes, has learned the
same routes via OSPF as B1_R4.
Question:
Record the number of times that the SPF algorithm has been execute
Step 2: Explore OSPF in the Branch Office.

a. Keep the console windows open for both routers B1_R2 and B1_R4.
b. On the blue tool bar at the top, click the Back level button twice to return to the Sao Paulo city
view. You can also use the shortcut keys Alt+Left arrow key.
c. Click Branch Office, and then the rack icon that represents the Sao Paulo Branch Office
Wiring Closet.
d. Click B2_R3, and then select the CLI tab.
e. The terminal should show that G1/0 and G2/0 are up and that two adjacencies have been
established, as shown below.
<output omitted>
Press RETURN to get started!

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet1/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet1/0, changed
state to up
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet2/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet2/0, changed
state to up
23:00:40: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 2.2.2.2 on GigabitEthernet2/0 from
23:00:45: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 4.4.4.4 on GigabitEthernet1/0 from

B2_R3>
f. Execute the show ip route command. Compare the output of B2_R3 to the output of B1_R4 or

B1_R2. Notice that other than a few connected or local routes, the same networks are displayed.

Codes: C – connected, S – static, I – IGRP, R – RIP, M – mobile, B – BGP
O10.10.0.0/30 [110/2] via 10.10.0.5, 00:49:38, GigabitEthernet1/0
C10.10.0.4/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0
[110/2] via 10.10.0.14, 00:49:28, GigabitEthernet2/0
O172.17.1.0 [110/3] via 10.10.0.5, 00:49:38, GigabitEthernet1/0
g. On B2_R3, execute the show ip ospf command.

B2_R3# show ip ospf
Supports opaque LSA
Area BACKBONE(0)
Area ranges are
Number of LSA 19. Checksum Sum 0x0624fb
Flood list length 0
Questions:
Record the number of times that the SPF algorithm has been executed.
How many areas are displayed on router B2_R3?
One area, Area 0 is displayed
h. Keep the console window open. Click B2_R1, and then select the CLI tab. The output should be
similar to the output of B2_R3.
Codes: C – connected, S – static, I – IGRP, R – RIP, M – mobile, B – BGP
[110/2] via 10.10.0.18, 00:55:32, GigabitEthernet2/0
B2_R1# show ip ospf
Supports opaque LSA
Area BACKBONE(0)
Area ranges are
Number of LSA 19. Checksum Sum 0x0624fb
Flood list length 0
i. On B2_R1, click Physical tab and power the device off to simulate a power outage. Networks
10.10.0.8/30 and 10.10.0.16/36 will no longer be advertised.
j. Issue the show ip route and the show ip ospf commands on one router in the Branch office and
one router in the Head Office.
Question:
Are the two networks missing from both of the routing tables and have the SPF algorithm
executions increased?
Yes for both questions.
Note: Every router, in both buildings, has been forced to do extra SPF algorithm executions.
Because all of the routers are in the same area, every change to the topology will cause OSPF to
execute the SPF algorithm on each router. This is not a problem for small networks, but for large
networks, excessive SPF calculations can impact network performance. The solution is to divide
the OSPF topology into multiple areas. Changes in topology in one area will not cause SPF
recalculations in other areas.
You have completed Part 1: Evaluate Network Operation of Single-Area OSPF.
To continue to Part 2: Evaluate Multiarea OSPF Network Operation, close this Packet Tracer file.
Return to the online course and open the Multiarea OSPF Exploration - Physical Mode
(Part2) Packet Tracer file.
End of document

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Background / Scenario

Part 1: The Beginning

Part 1: Evaluate Single-Area OSPF Network Operation

Step 1: Explore OSPF in the Corporate Headquarters.

f. On B1_R4, execute the show ip ospf command.

B1_R2# show ip route

Step 2: Explore OSPF in the Branch Office.

f. Execute the show ip route command. Compare the output of B2_R3 to the output of B1_R4 or

B2_R3# show ip route

g. On B2_R3, execute the show ip ospf command.

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