NUTRITION

1. What are the differences between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition?

Autotrophic Nutrition Heterotrophic Nutrition

The organisms are capable of preparing The organisms completely depend on

their own food using simple substances
that are available in their surroundings.
The conditions necessary for
autotrophic nutrition are carbon
dioxide, water, chlorophyll and water.
others for their nutrition. They depend
on surrounding plants and animals for
food.
They cannot make the food from
available inorganic substances like
carbon dioxide, water and sunlight.

Holozoic, parasitic, symbiotic

Phototrophic and Chemotrophic are the
association, and saprophytic are the four
two types of autotrophic nutrition
types of heterotrophic nutrition

Plants are an example of autotrophic Animals and some plants are an example
nutrition of heterotrophic nutrition

Autotrophs are the producers in the Heterotrophs are the consumers in the
food chain food chain

2. Where do plants get each of the raw materials required for photosynthesis?
 The raw materials required for the process of photosynthesis are carbon dioxide, water,
and solar energy.
 The carbon dioxide present in the atmosphere diffuses into the leaf through stomata.
 Water is obtained from the soil through the plant roots. 
 Solar energy is obtained from the sun which gets trapped by the chlorophyll pigment
present in the leaves.

3. What is the role of acid in our stomach?

Acid makes the medium in stomach acidic so as to facilitate the action of pepsin. It also
kills germs that enter our stomach with food.
4.What is the function of digestive enzymes class10?
Digestive enzymes help with the breakdown of food so that the nutrients
contained within the food can be absorbed. It works by breaking down large
macromolecules such as protein, fat and carbohydrates into their smaller building
blocks so that they can be absorbed by the body.

5. How is the small intestine designed to absorb digested food?

The small intestine has millions of tiny finger-like projections called villi. These
villi increase the surface area for more efficient food absorption. Within these villi,
many blood vessels are present that absorb the digested food and carry it to the
bloodstream.

RESPIRATION

6. A terrestrial animal has over an aquatic animal with regard to obtaining oxygen
for respiration. It's because the air in the atmosphere contains the maximum
amount of oxygen. Oxygen level is high in the atmosphere when compared to
oxygen in the water.
7. There are two different ways in which glucose is oxidised to provide energy in
various organisms : aerobic respiration, and anaerobic respiration. Aerobic
respiration uses oxygen (of air) whereas anaerobic respiration takes place without
oxygen.
8. How is oxygen and carbondioxide transported in human beings?
Respiration is the process through which living organisms take in oxygen and give
out carbon dioxide to release energy. So, naturally, respiration is a major and vital
process of gas exchange. The transport of gases during respiration, both oxygen
and carbon dioxide are carried out by the blood cells.
9. How are the lungs designed in human beings to maximize the area for exchange
of gases?
In humans, a pair of lungs are designed in such a way that they are lined by a thin
membrane, the smaller tubes called bronchioles a balloon-like structure called
alveoli and a network of blood capillaries increase the surface area for the
exchange of gases.