Republic of the Philippines

CAMARINES SUR POLYTECHNIC COLLEGES

College of Engineering
Nabua, Camarines Sur

DC MOTOR
STARTER
Presented by:
SORNILLO, GRACIAN MAE D.
Group 3
To protect the motor against damage due to short
circuits in the equipment.
To protect the motor against damage from long-term
overloads.
To protect the motor against damage from excessive
starting currents.
The voltage equation of a DC motor
is given by:

where:
Ia = armature current
V = supply voltage
Ra = armature resistance
Eb = back emf
Initially, when a dc motor is
started, the back emf Eb induced
in the armature will be zero.
By substituting Eb = 0, the
expression for armature current at
starting is given as,
Example
If a motor with armature resistance
of 0.5 ohms is connected directly to a
230 V supply then,

V 230 V
Ia = = = 460 A
Ra 0.5 Ω
Adding Resistance
The problem of large starting current can be solved by
adding a source of external resistance that lowers the initial
current. With a source of resistance, the formula for starting
current is modified to:

where:
Rs = external resistance
A shunt motor with an external resistor in series with
its armature. Contacts 1A, 2A, and 3A short-circuit
portions of the starting resistor when they close.
This resistor must not be in the circuit
permanently, because it would result in
excessive losses and would cause the motor 's
torque-speed characteristic to drop off
excessively with an increase in load.