A TECHNICAL REPORT

OF

STUDENTS’ INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME (SIWES)

UNDERTAKEN AT

NIGERIAN MARITIME ADMINISTRATION AND SAFETY AGENCY

(NIMASA) WESTERN ZONE, APAPA, LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA

FROM DECEMBER 2021 TO MAY 2022

BY

ISIGUZO, VICTORY CHIEMELA

REG NO: AK17/ENG/MAE/031

SUBMITTED TO

THE DEPARTMENT OF MARINE ENGINEERING, AKWA IBOM STATE

UNIVERSITY

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of the Bachelor of

Engineering Degree (B.Eng) in Marine Engineering

June, 2022
 CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that ISIGUZO, VICTORY CHIEMELA with REG. NO.-

AK17/ENG/MAE/031 of the Department of Marine Engineering, Akwa Ibom State University

carried out this Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) at the Nigerian Maritime

Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA) and that this Technical Report was written by

him.

Sign: _____________Date: ________ Sign: _____________ Date: _______

Engr. Anietie Udoh Dr. Emmanuel Antai

(Departmental SIWES Coordinator) Head of Department of Marine Engineering

i
 DEDICATION

To my parents LtCol (Dr) Reginald Isiguzo and Lady (Dr) Blessing Isiguzo.

ii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I am forever thankful to the Almighty God for His mercies, guidance and provisions throughout

the period of this Industrial Training. I am also grateful to my Departmental Students’ Industrial

Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) Coordinator, Engr. Anietie Udoh, my Institution based

Supervisor, Engr. Babatunde Olatunbosun and my Industry based Supervisor, Mrs. Anyin E.

Archibong for their inspiration, patience, guidance and corrections that improved the quality of

this technical report and the successful industrial training.

My sincere appreciation goes to the Head of Department of Marine Engineering, Dr. E, Antai

and other lecturers such as Prof. K.D.H Bob-Manuel, Prof. E. A. Ogbonnaya Engr. U. Ebong,

Engr. E. William, Engr. H.Ikue-John, Engr. I. Akpadiaha, Engr. Y.S Akpaba, Mr. E. Umana and

Mr, J. Maurice for their guidance and knowledge imparted in me. I also appreciate the

Laboratory Technologist Mr. E. Mishael for his contribution to my practical training.

I wish to express my deepest appreciation to the Head of Department, Marine Environment

Management-Western Zone, Mrs. C.C Okonkwo and the entire staff of the department where I

trained as well as other staff of the Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency

(NIMASA) that assisted in my successful Industrial Training.

My heartfelt gratitude goes to my family for their support throughout the period of the Industrial

Training. I sincerely acknowledge the moral and financial support of my beloved parents LtCol.

(Dr.) Reginald C. Isiguzo and Lady (Dr.) Blessing C. Isiguzo, my siblings Dr. Precious Isiguzo,

Miss Winnie Isiguzo (Esq.) and Miss Divine Isiguzo which saw me through to the completion of

my Industrial Training. I appreciate the support of my Godfather Dr. Princewill and the wife

Mrs. Ijeaoma Nwajiobi. I am also indebted to my Uncle and the wife Chief Emeka and LoloFaith

iii
Ohaju, Mr. Goodluck and Mrs. Ogechi Osimini, Mr. Kelechi Ohaju and Mr. Victor Ohaju for

their support in providing for my needs financially and otherwise.

My profound gratitude also goes to Mr. I. Osamgbi for his contributions and fatherly guidance

towards my industrial training. I also appreciate the family of Mr. & Mrs. Livinus O. Madukwe

for providing me with shelter and feeding throughout the period of my Industrial training.

I also appreciate my course mates and friends such as Godspower, John, Jasmine, Emmanuel and

Charity for their contributions to the success of my report.

iv
 ABSTRACT

This technical report presented the activities and experiences gained by the Student during a six
(6) month period of industrial training (IT) at the Marine Environment Management Department-
Western Zone (MEMD-WZ), Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA),
Apapa, Lagos state. The report in its introduction explained the SIWES, its aim and objectives
which made the scheme important and beneficial. This was followed by an overview of
NIMASA, its organizational structure and functions. It also considered the MEMD-WZ which
was the Industrial Attachee’s specific department of placement and the department’s services
which revolve around regulation, prevention and handling cases of Marine Pollution, in line with
the International Maritime Organization (IMO) Conventions and Protocols as ratified by Nigeria
and safety precautions for enforcement operations were also stated. Furthermore, the report
considered the tasks performed by the attachee such as report writing and preparation of official
documents, processing and issuance of statutory record books and inspection, monitoring and
enforcement of Maritime regulations with the necessary tools. It also noted cases of non-
compliant vessels and made suggestions for optimization of the departmental activities for long
term improvements. The knowledge and skills acquired from the various tasks performed ranged
from interpersonal, critical thinking, time management, active listening, teamwork and technical.
One major challenge encountered by the attachee during the training was lack of programme
rotation in relevant departments of the Agency. Finally, it concluded that the Industrial training
experience exposed the attachee to new skills, gain work experience and explore career interests
in areas of Marine Engineering. The Attachee was exposed to the demands and challenges of the
workplace such as, inadequacies in implementation of guidelines, lack of accommodation and
insecurity. The report therefore, recommends that SIWES Coordinating Units should give
detailed and timely orientation to prospective attachees, liaise with relevant agencies for
provision of accommodation to ensure trainee security and urge the organizations of placement
to expose trainees to at least two departments relevant to the trainees’ field of study.

v
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page

Certification i

Dedication ii

Acknowledgements iii

Abstract v

Table of Contents vi

List of Figures ix

List of Abbreviations x

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Background 1

1.2 Concept and Scope of Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) 1

1.3 Aims of SIWES 2

1.4 Objectives SIWES 3

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW 4

2.1 Overview of Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA) 4

2.1.1 Establishment of NIMASA 4

2.1.2 Functions of NIMASA 4

vi
2.1.3 Organizational Structure and Organogram of NIMASA 6

2.1.4 Various Departments in the Nigerian Maritime Administration Agency (NIMASA) and

their Functions 8

2.1.5 Marine Environment Management Department Western Zone (MEMD-WZ) 12

2.2 Code of Good Practice for NIMASA Enforcement Officers 23

CHAPTER THREE: TECHNICAL REPORT/MAJOR WORKS CARRIED OUT &

EXPERIENCES ACQUIRED 25

3.1 Tools and Safety Measures 25

3.2 Description of Tasks Performed During the Industrial Training 27

3.2.1 Report writing, Preparation and Documentation of official documents 27

3.2.2 Processing and Issuance of Statutory Record Books 28

3.2.3 Inspections, Monitoring and Enforcement of Regulations 29

3.3 Suggestions for Optimization of Departmental Activities 32

3.4 Knowledge and Skills Acquired from the Industrial Training 33

3.5 Challenges Encountered During SIWES 36

CHAPTER FOUR: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 37

4.1 Conclusion 37

4.2 Recommendations 38

vii
References 40

Appendix 42

viii
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1- Organogram of Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA)

Figure 3.1 Vessel for Port State Inspection

ix
 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

NIMASA-Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency

NPA- Nigerian Ports Authority

MEMD- Marine Environment Management Department

MARPOL - International Convention for the prevention of pollution from ships

x
 CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

Experience is a practical contact which leaves an impression on someone. It entails exposure

towards acquisition of knowledge or new ideas. This drives home verbal instructions and

descriptions of subject matter towards gaining new knowledge. Practical experience enriches

students’ learning as it is devoid of ambiguities and provides direct learning contact to students

on training in industries.

This form of learning in such environments which exposes students to challenging experiences

has proven to raise the attainment of students, boost their professional, social, emotional and

personal developments towards contributing to economic development and societal wellbeing.

This form of learning is expressly applied in the Students’ Industrial Work Experience Scheme

(SIWES).

1.2 Concept and Scope of Students’ Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES)

Students’ Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) is a part of an outdoor learning activity

that gives students the opportunity to gather more practical background experiences and needed

skills in handling equipment and machinery to prepare them for employment in industries. This

scheme is a mandatory exercise for students in Engineering, Vocational/Technical and other

Science related courses in tertiary institutions [1].

The Students’ Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) was established by the Industrial

Training Fund (ITF) in 1993 to put an end to the problem of lack of adequate practical skills for

1
 [1]
Nigerian graduates who seek employment in industries . This came on board due to the

concern of industrialists over the issue of inadequate practical background exhibited by graduates

of tertiary institutions in Nigeria when offered employment in industries. This became the basis

for the initiation and design of the scheme. The scheme offers the students the opportunity of

familiarizing and exposing themselves to the kind of skills they need in efficient handling and

usage of certain equipment and materials that are not provided for learning in their various

institutions of learning in Nigeria due to various factors.

In order to enhance the knowledge of these students especially those in Engineering,

Vocational/Technical, and other Science related courses in theory and to practical experiences, it

became imperative that they are sent out to industrial environments to be exposed to proper

working requirements. This brought about the Students’ Industrial Work Experience Scheme

(SIWES) which mainly involves practical learning outside the regular classroom. The SIWES

therefore became a pre-requisite for the Award of Diploma and Degree Certificates for students

in concerned disciplines in institutions of higher learning in Nigeria. This is in line with the

Federal Government of Nigeria National Policy on Education Blueprint as SIWES became a part

of students’ academic programme [1].

1.3 Aim of SIWES

The scheme is aimed at bridging the gap between theory taught in schools and actual practice at

the work environment mainly for students of Engineering, Vocational/Technical, science and

other related disciplines.

2
1.4 Objectives of SIWES

In specific terms, the SIWES addressed the following objectives:

1. To expose students to the regulations of operations and their enforcement in the maritime

industry.

2. To empower students to transition from school to work and establish contacts for future

job placements.

3. To learn the administrative and technical documentations in the maritime industry.

4. To enable students, acquire skills, knowledge and experience necessary in the field of

marine engineering.

5. To prepare students for the working situations and its requirements in the maritime

industry.

6. To strengthen employers’ involvement in the educational process of students and prepare

students for employment.

3
 CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Overview of Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA)

2.1.1 Establishment of NIMASA

The Attachee’s place of Industrial training was the Nigerian Maritime Administration & Safety

Agency (NIMASA). The Agency is the apex regulatory and promotional maritime agency in
[2]
Nigeria . The Agency was created from the merger of National Maritime Authority and Joint

Maritime Labour Industrial Council (JOMALIC) on the 1st August 2006[2].Its headquarters is

located at Apapa, Lagos. Apart from the three Zonal Offices (Eastern Zone in Port Harcourt,

Western Zone in Apapa and Central Zone in Sapele), there are other liaison offices at London,

Abuja, Calabar, Eket, Bonny, Oron, Onne and Yenagoa.

In order to deliver on its mandate to regulate the Maritime industry in Nigeria, the Agency is

guided by certain regulatory instruments [2]. They include:

- Nigerian Maritime Administration & Safety Agency (NIMASA) Act 2007

- Merchant Shipping Act 2007

- Coastal and Inland Shipping (Cabotage) Act 2007

2.1.2 Functions of NIMASA

By virtue of these legal instruments, the Agency serves to implement different domesticated

International Maritime Organization (IMO) and International Labour Organization (ILO)

Conventions. To implement the international maritime laws and enforce local ones, the Agency

draws up her statutory functions from the Acts mentioned above. These functions include [2]:

4
a) To pursue the development of shipping and regulatory matters relating to merchant

shipping and seafarers.

b) Administration and regulation of shipping licenses

c) Administration, Regulation and Certification of seafarers

d) Establishment of Maritime Training and Safety Standards

e) Regulation of safety of shipping as regards to the construction of ships and navigation

f) Provision of Maritime Search and Rescue Services.

g) Provide direction and ensure compliance with vessels security measures

h) Carry out Air and Coastal Surveillance

i) Control and Prevent Marine Pollution

j) Develop and implement policies and programs, which will facilitate the growth of local

capacity in ownership, manning and construction of ships and other maritime

infrastructure.

k) Enhance and administer the provision of Cabotage Act. 2003

l) Perform Port and Flag State duties.

m) Provide Maritime Security.

n) Establish the procedure for the implementation of conventions of the International

Maritime Organization (IMO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO), and

other international conventions to which the Federal Republic of Nigeria is a party on

Maritime Safety and Security, Maritime Labour, Commercial Shipping, and for the

implementation of Codes, Resolutions and Circulars arising there from.

5
2.1.3 Organizational Structure and Organogram of Nigerian Maritime Administration and

Safety Agency (NIMASA)

Figure 2.1 below depicts the organizational structure of NIMASA. It clearly states the

hierarchical flow of the Agency. The departments and units mentioned are subsequently

discussed.

Figure 2.1: Organogram of the Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency

(NIMASA)

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Director General/Chief Executive Officer (CEO)

The Agency is headed by a Director General who is also the Chief Executive Officer. Currently

Dr. Bashir Jamoh serves in this position. The DG/CEO is the head of the agency and directs all

operations in the agency. Under him are three (3) Executive Directors as seen below:

Executive Director (Finance and Administration)

This Director heads the Finance and Administration sections which oversee departments such as

Administration and Human Resources, Financial Services, Planning, Research & Data

Management Services and Health, Safety and Environment.

Executive Director (Maritime Labour& Cabotage Service)

The Director oversees the departments such as Cabotage Services and Maritime Labour Services.

Executive Director (Operations)

The Director in charge of operations oversees the departments of Maritime Safety and Seafarers

Standard, Shipping Development, Marine Environment Management, International Ship and Port

Safety Unit, Maritime Guard Command and the Central, Eastern and Western Zones.

7
2.1.4 Various Departments in the Nigerian Maritime Administration Agency (NIMASA)

and their Functions

The different sections in the Agency and their functions are explained as follows:

1. Administration and Human Resources Department

The department is responsible for managing the affairs and welfare of the staff of the

agency. It ensures the provision of infrastructural needs, safety and security, insurance,

training, logistics among others.

2. Financial Services Department

The department is responsible for making disbursements/payments for the Agency. This

includes all staff payments and running costs of the Agency. They also keep account of

all transactions made to the Agency by stakeholders through issuance of receipts.

3. Planning, Research & Data Management Services Department

This department is responsible for articulating a workable system for carrying out the

functions and implementing projects of the Agency. The department carries out collates

information and reports of all sections of the Agency and runs comparative analysis to

ascertain the level of progress of the Agency.

4. Health, Safety & Environment Department

This department is responsible for ensuring the provision of measures and equipment for

staff of the Agency while executing their duties in the office environment and when on

external operations. The department also plans for training of staff on safety practices.

8
5. Maritime Safety and Seafarers Standards Department

The department carries out surveys, certification and approval of ships. It also engages in

training and certification of seafarers as well as approval of maritime institutions in

Nigeria.

6. Marine Environment Management Department

The department is responsible for formulating regulations and implementing others to

prevent marine pollution. It also offers services like certification and approval of plans

which are developed to prevent pollution.

7. Shipping Development Department

The department serves to connect the Agency with the economic needs of maritime

stakeholders. It monitors progress if shipping and aids in formulating policies to promote

improved shipping activities.

8. International Ship and Port Security Unit

The department works to implement measures provided by the ISPS Code to enhance

security of ships and port facilities within Nigeria’s territorial waters.

9. Marine Accidents Investigation Unit

This unit is responsible for carrying out safety investigations into accidents/incidents

occurring in Nigeria’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) to ascertain causes, prevent

further loss and damages and provide guidelines from lessons learnt.

10. Maritime Guard Command

The Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA) has a

Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Nigerian Navy which allows for the

9
 formation of a command of the Navy in the Agency. They work to ensure the security of

the agency’s staff and assets while on external duties.

11. Maritime Labour Services Department

This department is responsible for handling the employment, safety and health of

maritime workers. They implement the provisions of the Maritime Labour Convention

(MLC, 2006) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention.

12. Legal Services/ Board Secretariat

This department handles the licensing of shipping companies and also the preparation of

contracts and agreements to be used by the Agency.

13. Internal Audit Unit

This unit is responsible that the Agency’s operations follow a controlled process and that

all possible risks in the operations are managed. This is to maximize the efficiency of

operations.

14. Nigerian Ship Registration Office

The office handles the registration of Nigerian flagged ships and issuing certificates of

registry.

15. Procurement Department

This department is responsible for handling the official process of purchasing supplies,

equipment or materials for the Agency. They handle negotiations and take part in

preparation of contracts with vendors and ascertain the authenticity of any quoted prices.

This department helps to maintain the financial health of the Agency.

10
16. Servicom Unit

Since NIMASA is a government Agency delivering services to Nigerian maritime

stakeholders. In line with the SERVICOM Charter, the agency established a unit to

ensure all sections of the Agency are corruption free and operate efficiently.

17. PR/Corporate Relations

This department communicates the Agency’s position in the maritime industry with all

stakeholders concerned. They handle all preparation of communication materials like

journals, notices, press releases, etcetera and coordinate advertising among other

functions.

18. Protocol Unit

This unit is responsible for planning and arranging incoming and outgoing visits for the

Agency. They ensure all meetings and gatherings; ceremonial and official are safe and of

high standard.

19. Deep Blue Project Unit

This unit is responsible for organizing and coordinating the implementation of the deep

blue project which is aimed at providing robust and collaborative security architecture in

Nigeria’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) including the Gulf of Guinea.

20. Special Duties- Reform Coordination & Strategic Management/Blue Economy

This department handles the implementation of new initiatives and policies to restructure

and reform the Agency periodically. The department also organizes the efforts to enhance

utilization of the Blue Economy.

11
 21. Special Duties- External Relations & Technical Cooperation

This department oversees all external relations of the agency by handling collaborative

engagements with other stakeholders to ensure uniformity in operations involving joint

efforts of the Agency and any other organization, agency or firm.

22. Public Private Partnership Department

The Agency cannot operate independently without support from other stakeholders in the

Maritime sector. This department works to present the Agency’s stance in negotiations

and protects its interests in agreements.

2.1.5 Marine Environment Management Department (MEMD)

The Marine Environment Management Department (MEMD) in the Western Zone Office of

NIMASA was the Attachee’s Industrial training placement department.The MEMD in the

Western Zone Office is headed by the Deputy Director Marine Environment Management

(DDMEM) under the authority of the Zonal Coordinator and the Director Marine Environment

Management (DMEM).

Functions of the MEMD

The Marine Environment Management Department (MEMD) is structured to carry out functions

as derived from the United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and all IMO

Conventions and Protocols regarding marine pollution as ratified and adopted by Nigeria and as

provided by the NIMASA Act and Merchant Shipping Act 2007. They include the following [4]:

a) To formulate indigenous regulations to prevent marine pollution.

b) Institute measures to prevent land-based sources of oil pollutants from contaminating

Nigerian waters.

12
c) Appraise and approve oil/chemical spill contingency plans for ships, harbors and jetties.

d) Ensure availability of oil containment and recovery equipment by oil companies for

effective response to oil spill incidents.

e) Monitor clean-up operations of Oil and Noxious substances to ensure regulatory

compliance.

f) Provision and issuance of relevant statutory record books to shipping companies.

g) Ensure the provisions of adequate reception facilities for the discharge of wastes from

vessels in nation’s ports, terminals, harbors and shipyards.

h) Establish monitoring strategies to inspect offshore installations of oil companies and

tankers for the prevention of marine pollution in line with international best practices.

i) Participate in the Conduct of environmental impact assessment of new designs and

construction of offshore marine structures and other project with potential impact on the

marine environment

j) Spearhead the domestication of all relevant international instruments relating to control

and prevention of marine pollution as ratified by Nigeria.

k) Coordinate Civil Liability Convention matters in line with the CLC 1969 and 1992 and

also issue CLC certificates to Nigerian flagged vessels.

l) Conduct laboratory analysis of marine water samples to develop baseline information.

m) Enforce oil pollution fines and penalties in line with the polluter must pay principle as

established by the Merchant Shipping Act.

n) Ensure effective ballast water management as required by provided regulations.

13
 o) Conduct marine environment protection campaigns to educate and enlighten waterside

and oil producing communities on the need for effective management of the marine

environment.

Regulatory Instruments of the Marine Environment Management Department(MEMD)

The MEMD regulatory instruments include [5]:

1. Merchant Shipping Act 2007

The Act provides for the provision of certain conventions listed in it to be applicable and

enforceable. It also makes provision for any other International agreement or convention

not mentioned in it but of which Nigeria is a party to be applicable and enforceable as

long as it relates to the prevention, reduction or control of pollution of the sea or civil

liability and compensation for pollution damage from ships[6].

By virtue of provision of this Act, various conventions, protocols and agreements are to

be implemented by Nigeria as they are developed.

2. NIMASA Act, 2007

This Act empowers NIMASA to solely regulate maritime activities in Nigeria, NIMASA

is also empowered to control and prevent marine pollution and to inspect ships for the
[7]
purpose of prevention and control of marine pollution . Based on this requisite, the

Agency has in operation the Marine Environment Management Department (MEMD)

made up of specialized professionals to ensure marine pollution is regulated.

14
 3. Merchant Shipping (Marine Environment) Regulations (MSR), 2012

These are a collection of regulations produced with the aim of enforcing the

international regulations on marine pollution in Nigeria and providing for litigation

and prosecution in a court of competent authority. They include [8]:

i. MSR (Anti-Fouling Systems)

ii. MSR (Ballast Water Management)

iii. MSR (Dangerous or Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk)

iv. MSR (Liability and Compensation)

v. MSR (Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co-operation Convention)

vi. MSR (Prevention of Pollution by Garbage)

vii. MSR (Prevention of Pollution by Sewage)

viii. MSR (Sea Dumping)

ix. MSR Waste Reception (Ship Generated Marine Waste Reception Facility)

x. Marine Environment (Sea Protection Levy) Regulations

4. International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from ships (MARPOL

73/78)

This Convention was adopted in 1973 and it came into force in October 1983. The

Convention as is the main International Convention addressing prevention of pollution of

the marine environment by ships either from operational or accidental causes. It

addresses pollution from oil, noxious liquid substance, and noxious substances in

packaged form, garbage, sewage and dangerous gases [9].

15
5. Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and

other Matter (London Convention), 1972 and the 1996 London Protocol

The convention prohibits disposal of certain substances which are known to be

particularly harmful to the marine environment. It contains specific regulations

concerning the dumping of materials specifying those which can also cause harm to the

human health and how to handle them [10].

6. International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co-

operation (OPRC), 1990

The convention is designed to improve the ability of nations to cope with a sudden

emergency as marine pollution is trans-boundary. It provides an avenue of co-

operation among nations in preparation and response to events of major oil pollution

incidents [11].

7. International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage, (CLC)

1992,The International Convention on the Establishment of an International

Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage (FUND 1992)

This convention established a regime to provide compensation to victims of oil

pollution incidents which involve casualties and material loss involving oil carrying

ships [12].

8. The International Conference on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims,

1976/96

It guides parties involved in maritime accidents/ incidents particularly ship-owners to

limit the liability due to any damage or loss caused to any victim to a particular

amount [13].

16
9. Protocol on Preparedness, Response and Co-operation to pollution Incidents by

Hazardous and Noxious Substances, 2000 (OPRC-HNS Protocol)

The convention provides a global framework of preparedness and response for

international cooperation to tackle incidents and threats of pollution by hazardous and

noxious substances [14].

10. International Convention on the Control of Harmful Anti-fouling Systems on

Ships (AFS), 2001

The AFS Convention was adopted on 5 October 2001. Anti-fouling paints are used in

coating the bottom of ships to prevent the growth and attachment of sea life. The

convention empowers states to prohibit the use of harmful organotins in the anti-

fouling paints used on ships flying their flags as well as ships not entitled to fly their

flag but which operate under their authority and all ships entering a port, shipyard or

offshore terminal of a party. The ships are therefore subject to surveys to certify their

compliance with this convention and inspections while at ports, jetties and terminals

to ensure compliance is maintained[15].

11. International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage,

(BUNKER CONVENTION) 2001

This convention was adopted with the aim of ensuring that in case of spills occurring

from oil carried as fuel on ships, adequate, prompt and effective compensation is

available to all victims of the damages. All parties to this convention ensure that ships

flying their flag are subjected to this convention and those not flying their flag but in

their jurisdiction are also subject to this convention [16].

17
12. The International Convention relating to Intervention on the High Seas in

Cases of Oil Pollution Casualties (INTERVENTION), 1969

This convention affirms the right of coastal states to take measures to prevent,

mitigate or eliminate danger to their coastline in cases of oil pollution [17].

13. International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast

Water and Sediments (BWMC), 2004

The BWM convention was adopted on 13 February, 2004. It requires the NIMASA to

establish measures aimed at controlling and managing ballast water taken in and

discharged in Nigerian waters. It provides measures for the prevention, reduction and

elimination of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens through ships ballast and

sediments. These measures mainly give the ship operators guidelines for the plans for

ballast water management, the records to be taken and how to carry out the ballasting

and de-ballasting operations [18].

14. Nairobi International Convention on the Removal of Wrecks, 2007

Shipwrecks have the potential to affect the safety of navigation and also cause

substantial damage to the marine environment. This convention sets out uniform

international rules and legal conditions under which states can remove wrecks in a

prompt and effective manner [19].

15. The Hong Kong Convention for the Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling

of Ships (HKC), 2009

The Hong Kong Convention was adopted on 15 May 2009. The convention gives effect

to its provisions which aim at preventing, reducing and minimizing to a practicable extent

accidents and adverse effects of Ship recycling on human health and the environment.

18
 It addresses the issues arising from ship recycling as many ships to be scrapped may be

made up of hazardous substances like heavy metals, asbestos, ozone depleting

substances, hydrocarbons among others. It also addresses the required working conditions

for ship recycling facilities to operate [20].

16. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

This convention clearly states the rights of nations in the world oceans. It sets out

laws to govern the oceans and seas and their resources [21].

Activities of the Marine Environment Management Department

In order to facilitate the proper realization of the functions of the Marine Environment

Management DepartmentWestern Zone (MEMD-WZ) and to facilitate adequate and timely

implementation of the aforementioned regulations as ratified by Nigeria, a number of activities

are carried out by the department as required. These activities include:

a) Enforcement, Compliance & Monitoring of Vessels (Port & Flag State Inspection)

The (MEMD-WZ) carries out inspections to ascertain the level of compliance of vessels

within Nigeria’s waters as stated in the NIMASA Act, Cabotage Act and Merchant

Shipping Act [5]. The department also has the responsibility of ensuring that this action is

consistent with international best practices of Maritime regulation which requires

member states to carry out inspection of both foreign and flag vessels as is necessary,

without causing undue delay to ships.

To carry out these inspections, the department has put together a comprehensive

‘Checklist’ to ensure uniformity in all inspection operations. The checklist consists of

requirements, certifications, documents, manuals, management plans and machinery to be

19
 inspected onboard vessels (See Appendix). However, this checklist is under modification

to cater for areas of emerging challenges.

b) Ship Scraping/Recycling Facilities Inspection

In line with the Hong Kong Convention, 2009and the guideline in Regulation 15 of the

convention which mandates Nigeria to ensure monitoring, inspection and enforcement,

the Agency serves as a competent authority to permit ship recycling and scrapping

facilities. The Marine Environment Management Western Zone (MEMD-WZ) is saddled

with this responsibility duty within the Western Zone. The MEMD-WZ ensures that the

ships to be recycled are subjected to surveys and certification. The recycling facilities are

also ascertained for compliance. With regards to ships to be recycled while in service, the

MEMD-WZ ensures and verifies that it has on board an International Certificate on

Inventory of Hazardous Materials or an International Ready for Recycling Certificate [8].

The inspections by the department, ascertain whether the recycling facilities have proper

management systems, techniques and procedures which do not pose risks to the workers’

health or the environment. It also makes sure that such a facility must operate under an

approved plan to ensure acceptable standard. The objective of this inspection is simply to

ensure safe and environmentally sound recycling of ships [20].

c) Waste Reception Facilities Inspection

In line with the MARPOL Convention to which Nigeria is a signatory, MARPOL Annex

I Regulation 12&Annex II Regulation 18 provides that; the Nigerian Government has

undertaken to ensure provision adequate reception facilities at oil loading terminals,

repair ports and in ports where ships have residue containing oil and noxious liquid

substances [9].

20
 The Marine Environment Management Department (MEMD) ensures the adequate

provision of reception facilities at ports and terminals for sewage and garbage disposal

from vessels without undue delay of the ships. This is to ensure that reception facilities

meet the needs of ships in accordance with MARPOL Annex IV Regulation 11 & Annex

V Regulation 7.

The Marine Environment Management Department (MEMD) also ensures the provision

the provision of facilities for ships using its ports terminals or repair ports for reception of

ozone depleting substances and equipment containing them and exhaust gas cleaning

residues from their exhaust gas cleaning systems[9]. These reception facilities are also to

be provided in ship breaking facilities for the reception of ozone depleting substances and

the equipment containing them when removed from the ships. This is in compliance to

MARPOL Annex VI Regulation 17.

From the foregoing, the Marine Environment Management Department (MEMD) is

saddled with the responsibility of inspecting the provided waste reception facilities at

ports, terminals, jetties, ship repair yards, tank cleaning facilities, ship breaking facilities

among others [8].

This inspection is fundamentally to ensure adequate standard of the facility and to make

sure they are of sufficient capacity.

d) Oil Pollution Response

Although the Agency has regulations in place to prevent pollution especially from oil,

accidents still occur and, in these circumstances, must take action. The Marine

Environment Management Department (MEMD) works hard to ensure prompt response

to cases of oil pollution following already existing manuals on oil pollution response and

21
 control as globally accepted. The MEMD carries out this responsibility through already

established steps such as the detection of a spill, activation of the plan to be implemented,

assessment of the incident, the clean-up which involves booms, skimmers or dispersants

as is applicable.

Furthermore, the Agency extends its area of operation to protect Nigeria’s territorial

waters as is stipulated in Article 221 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the

Sea (UNCLOS).It gives states the right “pursuant to international law, both customary

and conventional, to take and enforce measures beyond the territorial sea proportionate to

the actual or threatened damage to protect their coastlines or related interests, including

fishing, from pollution or threat of pollution following from a maritime casualty which

may reasonably be expected to result in major harmful consequences’[21]. The activity in

line with this article generalizes the provisions of the International Convention Relating

to Intervention on the High Seas in Cases of Oil Pollution Casualties and the Protocol

Relating to the Intervention on the High Seas in Cases of Pollution by Substances other

than Oil.

e) Issuance of Statutory Record Books

The ship functions like a mini-city that has facilities which generate wastes in the process

of operation. The management of these wastes must be recorded as these records kept

serve as a measure of the vessels compliance with Maritime Laws and Regulations.

The Marine Environment Management Department (MEMD) ensures the provision of

statutory record books to guide the ship crew in recording all forms of waste generation,

segregation, storage and discharge [8]. These record books document all operations which

can generate waste as is the case in oily wastes from tank washings, sludge form engine

22
operations and intake and discharge of ship ballast water. All the recordings of these

activities in the record books are among the things inspected during port and flag state

inspections. It paves way for proper management of all the waste generated in the process

of ship operation to prevent dumping in the ocean.

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) clearly stipulates these activities in the

MARPOL Convention and Ballast Water Management Convention. The MARPOL

Convention stipulates in; Annex I Regulation17 the necessity for Oil Record Book I for

machinery space operations, Annex I Regulation 36 for Oil Record Book II for
[9]
Cargo/Ballast operations and Annex V Regulation 9 for Garbage Record Book . The

Ballast Record Book is also required according to BWM Convention Regulation B-2[18].

Notably, in domestication of these conventions, the Marine Environment Management

Department (MEMD) for the Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency
[8]
(NIMASA) has the singular authority to issue these record books .The MEMD issues

the record books only to Nigerian flagged vessels. The ship owners send representatives

to the Agency who presents the application for these record books as required with the

ships’ necessary particulars and certification which then goes through an approval

process after which they are paid for and finally issued to the companies.

2.2 The Code of Good Practice for NIMASA Enforcement Officers

This document provides the guidelines on standards of professionalism, transparency and

integrity that all NIMASA enforcement officers are to adhere to. It aims to guide

enforcement officers to be in uniformity with global best practices acting within the law

as provided while implementing and enforcing NIMASA’S mandates.

23
It provides the required conduct on carrying out inspections of vessels pointing out to the

limitations of the enforcement officers on board vessels. It requires all officers to alert the

authority in event of any breaches on board and not try to handle matters independently.

It restricts all officers engaging in commercial activities of any form.

It also requires all officers to work in line with established preventions and requirements

of the vessel boarded. It restricts the inspection team from tampering with any machinery,

equipment or documents onboard as is not approved by the existing laws and guidelines.

24
 CHAPTER THREE

TECHNICAL REPORT MAJOR WORKS CARRIED OUT & EXPERIENCES

ACQUIRED

This technical report deals with the description of tasks performed and work experience during

the six (6) month Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) in the Marine

Environment Management Department Western Zone (MEMD-WZ) of the Nigerian Maritime

Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA). The Attachee’s training at MEMD-WZ exposed

him to not only the organizational structure of NIMASA but also the Maritime sector’s

regulation of operations which can affect the environment. In stating clearly the tasks performed

by the attachee during the Industrial Training and experiences acquired, the chapter is divided

into some sub-sections as follows:

3.1TOOLS AND SAFETY MEASURES

All activities and tasks carried out must be in line with safest practices. Also, specified tools are

used in the effective execution of tasks in the office. These are presented in the subsequent

section.

Operational Guidelines & Safety Precautions for Enforcement Operations

The Agency generally has conditions of service to be adhered to by all its employees working in

line with existing laws, acts and regulations. However, the job of enforcement officers is peculiar

and it requires distinct and specific clear terms of engagement.

25
Health & Safety Guidelines

In the office environment, all staff are familiarized with safety protocols in case of fires and
familiarized with the location of all firefighting equipment.

Although the ship boarded during inspections has existing safety guidelines, the enforcement
officers adhere to safety precautions. Some of which include:

- Verifying safe operational condition of boarding equipment

- Receiving green light from crew to board their vessel

- Following the lead of a crew member while inspecting

- Take caution in high risk environments like the engine room keeping away devices and

jewelry while inspecting machinery

- Take caution of slippery floors

- Put on all necessary safety wears including life jacket while boarding.

Tools and Equipment Used

The tools and equipment used in the course of the Industrial Training were:

- Stamp: The stamp was used in authorizing the issuance of statutory record books and

certificates to stakeholders. It was also used in the receiving of documents into the

MEMD as well as assenting to documents to for reference by the sender.

- A computer unit- This was used in the preparation, storing and sending of documents

within the Agency.

- Personal Protective equipment (Life vest, Coverall, Helment, Gloves, Safety boots):

They were all employed in carrying out inspection and enforcement operations. The

ships, ports and repair/recycling yards all require utmost safety precautions, hence the

necessity for this equipment.

26
 - Printer

- Photocopier

- Stationeries

3.2 Description of Tasks Performed During the Industrial Training

The tasks performed by the Attachee include:

a. Report writing, Preparation and Documentation of official documents

b. Processing and Issuance of Statutory Record Books

c. Inspections, Monitoring and Enforcement of Maritime Pollution Regulations

3.2.1 Report writing, Preparation and Documentation of official documents

These tasks are some of the major activities of the Marine Environment Management

Department (MEMD-WZ) in the Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency

(NIMASA). The Attachee was exposed to carrying out the responsibility of proper

documentation of activities within the Agency. These include drafting memos containing

daily actions, inter-departmental collaborations and inter-agency relations with

establishments like the Nigeria Ports Authority (NPA) on matters regarding port state

inspection. The Attachee after drafting of these memos forwarded them to the required

offices. This enhanced further exposure of the Attachee to many activities of other

departments of the Agency.

The Attachee also performed the tasks of drafting proposals for the MEMD-WZ to address

operational issues not only for shipping companies regarding their vessels’ compliance but

also to ship repair yards and recycling facilities as well as other government parastatals. This

27
task exposed the attachee to the increased compliance and domestication of Maritime

regulations and the roles of various stakeholders in the Maritime industry in line with

existing regulations.

The Attachee participated exhaustively in daily, weekly, monthly and annual report writing

for the MEMD on enforcement and inspection activities. The Attachee also participated in

making presentations for the MEMD which enhanced his adequate knowledge and

understanding of the departmental activities.

3.2.2 Processing and Issuance of Statutory Record Books

With the knowledge of the process and requirements for issuing statutory record books

gained during the Industrial training, the Attachee performed the task of confirmation of

the authenticity and acceptability of an application before the issuance of record books

could be done. An example of this task performed by the Attachee was the handling of

the receipt of an application from a shipping company for the Oil Record Book I from the

Agency for its vessel. With the Attachee’s exposure to understanding of the requirements

as stipulated in the Marine Environment Management Regulations and International

Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL 73/78), he was able to

point to the fact that the vessel for which the record book was to be used on was less than

150GT which is the minimum requirement a vessel should pssess before purchasing an

Oil Record Book I, as such, the Attachee noted and advised that the vessel could not

carry out sufficient amount of operations to warrant the issuance of the statutory record

book.

In another case, the Attachee with the knowledge and understanding of the Regulations

and Conventions guiding the Agency’s operations could not issue the Garbage Record

28
 Book I for a particular vessel that belongs to another shipping company. This was

because, the vessel was a crew boat that could not meet the requirement of being 400GT

and above or carrying at least fifteen (15) passengers in international voyages to warrant

the need for a garbage record book I. Based on this, the Attachee rejected the application

of the shipping company and advised the representatives of the shipping company for

future applications and requirements needed.

3.2.3 Inspections, Monitoring and Enforcement of Regulations

With adequate knowledge of relevant Conventions, Protocols, Laws and Regulations

guiding Nigeria’s Maritime Industry to prevent Marine Pollution by both foreign and flag

ships, the Attachee participated in carrying out the implementation and enforcement of

these regulations on concerned Maritime stakeholders within the Agency’s jurisdiction.

In order to be conversant and more knowledgeable with these regulatory instruments

guiding the Marine Environment Management Department (MEMD) from which the

functions and activities are drawn, the Attachee like every other staff in the MEMD-WZ

was given the task to study and review these documents, draw up notable portions of it,

ascertain the level of implementation in Nigeria and suggest possible means of improving

compliance of stakeholders. This task was accomplished.

With the responsibility of enforcing the Conventions which handle the prevention of

pollution via maritime activities, the Attachee was exposed to those important things to

look out for when on inspection or enforcement exercise. The Attachee also learnt how

different Seafarers on a vessel should be responsible for varying parts of the ship and the

operations which can directly or indirectly pollute the marine environment.

29
Furthermore, the Attachee was introduced to the regulation of ship scrapyard/recycling

activities in the sites where these operations were carried out. The inspection involved the

management of such facilities providing the inspection team with the necessary approvals

and certifications as ship scrapping and recycling are very high-risk operations. The

Attachee in the company of the Inspection team inspected the facility to ascertain what

waste management plans were in place. This was because ships have parts which upon

breaking are potentially hazardous like asbestos, anti-fouling compounds, oily waste,

among others which can cause harm not only to the environment by also the workers in

such facilities.

The Attachee in the team of Marine Environment Management Department Western

Zone (MEMD-WZ) Inspection Officers was exposed to Port/Flag State inspections,

boarding vessels identified to be in Nigerian waters at the port, jetties and terminals. On

board the vessel, the first point of action was to approach the Captain of the ship who

presented to the team the ship’s necessary certification, manuals and plans used by the

vessel. The next action was the inspection of the waste receptacles and segregation on

board. This was to ensure they are in line with an approved management plan for the

vessel.

The next step was meeting with the Chief Engineer who provided the team with the

documents as regards to bunker oil delivery, operating manuals for machineries on the

vessel. Later, the team went through the Statutory record books required for the vessel to

ensure the proper documentation of the ship’s operations.

When all these documents were certified valid, the team proceeded to the engine room to

observe the operational conditions of the machineries on board which are related to

30
Marine Pollution and its prevention. Some of these include the incinerator, communitor,

grinder, the sewage treatment plant, Oily water separator, Oil Discharge Monitoring and

Control System (ODMCS) and alarm arrangements among others.

However, there was a thorough inspection of the Oily water separator and alarm

arrangements to ascertain if the oily water separator was functional at 15 parts per million

(ppm). Firstly, there was visual observation. A simulation test was carried out bythe third

or second engineer to ascertain the functionality of the alarm system. The alarm sound

when oil flowing is above 15 parts per million (ppm).

This sound during this test confirmed that the system was functional. When this process

did not give such sound, it meant the system was faulty. All these tasks performed by the

Attachee during the six (6) months Industrial Training aimed at increasing the

compliance and domestication of maritime regulation.

Figure 3.1- Vessel for Flag State Inspection

All these tasks aimed at increasing the compliance with maritime regulations in Nigeria’s

Maritime Industry. However, on various occasions, there were cases of non-compliant

vessels encountered while on inspection. These vessels erred in various ways such as:

31
- Oily water separator (OWS) Malfunctioning

- Inoperative alarm and auto stop

- Oil coating inside discharge pipes

- Inconsistent entries in record books

- Improper garbage segregation

- Expired certificates

These cases were compiled and reports were made to the offices concerned.

3.3 Suggestions for Optimization of Departmental Activities

In providing the basis for long term improvement and efficiency on the problems

encountered in inspections and departmental operations, the following are suggested:

1. There should be provision of sufficient time for detailed inspections.

2. There should be proper follow-up of the reports to respective agencies and offices

concerned.

3. There is need to set up routine strategic meetings of departmental heads and

stakeholders. This should be strengthened through policy directives so that decisions

reached can be measurable and properly implemented. Also, these periodical

meetings with stakeholders should be convened even in the absence of non-

compliance.

4. There should be consistent training and retraining of Marine Environment

Management Department (MEMD) officers, to keep them competently

knowledgeable in the ever-changing maritime sector.

32
 These are strategic approaches towards long term improvement of the operations,

procedures and output of both the Marine Environment Management Department

(MEMD) and the Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA)

as a whole.

3.4 Knowledge and Skills Acquired from the Industrial Training

The period of the Industrial Training at the Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety

Agency (NIMASA) gave the Attachee the opportunity for firsthand experience and

professional growth in the Maritime industry. The various tasks and activities participated

in equipped the attachee with adequate knowledge and insights. The Attachee gained

knowledge in areas such as:

1. Implementation of Maritime laws and regulations in Nigeria as provided to

prevent pollution from activities in the waters and along the coast.

2. Learning about the hierarchical flow of duties in an office environment in the

Maritime Industry.

3. Understanding the role every stakeholder in the maritime industry plays in

contributing to marine pollution and its prevention.

The skills acquired during the Industrial Training include;

1. Interpersonal Skills

A good interpersonal relationship is key to the smooth accomplishment of tasks. The

attachee’s exposure to these skills through participation in executing the functions of

the Marine Environment Management Department Western Zone (MEMD-WZ)

during the Industrial Training enabled him to understand the importance of values,

33
 knowledge and skills of each person in the MEMD-WZ. It also enabled him to know

that intentional steps must be taken to ensure that all members of a team whether on

land or at sea, both on and off work, are comfortable.

2. Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving Skills

These crucial skills mainly deal on the ability to use knowledge, facts and data to

solve problems properly. These skills helped the attachee to think and assess

problems and find solutions in his assigned problems and tasks during the Industrial

Training period. It made the attachee to have the ability to remain analytical as the

profession of engineering demands while connecting different ideas to draw useful

results in tasks performed in the office. An example is that the attachee during the

Industrial Training evaluated the task of reviewing the Marine Environment

Management Inspection Checklist for the Department to ascertain the current

applicable regulations and operational challenges encountered during inspections. In

carrying out this task, the attachee considered many viewpoints, asked questions,

researched and evaluated all factors to produce a new checklist.

3. Time Management Skills

Prioritization is a very essential component of time management. The attachee was

equipped with the skills of time management which helped him to prioritize and

accomplish duties and tasks assigned to him on schedule without working under

stress but with adequate respect for time.

4. Teamwork Skills

Teamwork skills play a significant role in the Maritime industry. These skills enhance

other skills such as communication, team building, decision making, conflict

34
 management, among others. The attachee with these skills was able to work

harmoniously with the staff of the Marine Environment Management Department

Western Zone (MEMD-WZ), staff of other departments of the Agencyand other

agencies to carry out the tasks of monitoring compliance with regulations to prevent

Marine Pollution which is the core function of the MEMD-WZ.

5. Communication Skills

Communication plays a significant role in the maritime industry. It clears ambiguity and

confusion that may not only constrain maritime administration and management but also

prevents accidents and incidents that take place on indifferent working environments

like on board ships. This skill is important as a technical skill. The exposure to this

communication skill equipped the attachee to participate and communicate effectively

while presenting ideas in decision making, meetings and reports in the Marine

Environment Management Department Western Zone (MEMD-WZ) during his

Industrial Training. The skills enabled the attachee to have a clear understanding of tasks

and their requirements, thereby making it easy for him to identify and define problems

in his assigned tasks. With this, he became used to collaborating with others,

brainstorming, sharing thoughts with confidence, writing reports and translating

technical concepts into simple languages to establish achievable goals in his assigned

departmental roles.

6. Active Listening Skills

The skill of active listening enables one to give proper attention to others in their

dealings. It requires an individual to pay attention, understand, ask questions, respond

appropriately, reflect on issues raised and retain the information gathered for future use.

35
 These skills enabled the attachee to actively engage in the activities in the Marine

Environment Management Department Western Zone (MEMD-WZ) during his

Industrial training. With this, he built trust and established cordial relationships which

demonstrated his concern for tasks assigned to him in the department. These active

listening skills also enabled the attachee to learn the basics of Marine Engineering

operations and properly understand the concept of shipping operations as they relate to

Marine pollution.

7. Technical Skills

These skills involve those specialized knowledge and expertise needed to perform

specified tasks, using particular tools and programmes in real life situations. The

attachee acquired the technical skills through the observation of waste management on

board as he was able to inspect the operational condition of provided machineries like

the oily water separator, communitor, sewage treatment plants, among others on board.

The attachee inspected the plans and provisions for emergencies on board vessels.

3.5 Challenges Encountered During (SIWES)

The following challenges were observed in the course of the Industrial Training:

- Industrial Training students face the problem of lack of training rotation departments

relevant to the trainee’s course of study.

- There are inadequacies in implementation of safety guidelines.

- There is the problem of lack of detailed and timely orientation programme for

prospective industrial attachees.

- There is the problem of accommodation and insecurity faced by students on Industrial

Attachment

36
 CHAPTER FOUR

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the conclusion of the report and some recommendations.

4.1 Conclusion

Based on the technical knowledge experienced by the attachee which has been considered

in the report, the industrial training made it possible for the attachee to learn new skills,

gain work experience and explore career interests especially as regards to Marine

Engineering. The Industrial Training gave the attachee the opportunity to gain practical

experience of the theoretical aspects of Marine Engineering, Issuance of statutory record

books, compliance monitoring and inspection of a vessel are practical experiences that

involve the application of theories and laws in Marine Engineering operations and

management.

The Industrial Training gavethe attachee the experience of inspection of certification,

documents and record books on board vessels which relates to Marine Engineering in that

certificates verifying compliance status of vessels’ operations with existing Maritime

Laws are to be managed by Marine Engineers on board. Also, management plans and

machineries for garbage, sewage, ballast water and oil management on board are to be

handled by Marine Engineers because operations like incineration and grinding of solid

and liquid waste, ballasting and de-ballasting, sewage treatment and discharge, separation

of oily water and discharge which all involve the handling of wastes capable of causing

Marine Pollution require the expertise of Marine Engineers. Therefore, working with the

37
Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA) exposed the attachee

to many regulations, procedures, principles and laws involved in Marine operations.

The Industrial Training also enhanced the attaché’s exposure to the demands and

challenges of the work place. Beyond the operation of various machinery on board, the

need for proper management skills which was gained by the attachee is ever present in a

complex environment like a ship. The Industrial attachee also learnt that the Marine

Engineers on board are also responsible in ensuring that all operations on board are

directed, monitored and executed in line with not only regulations but also standard

working environment. The ship is known to operate almost independent of interference

from land. Therefore, the Seafarers must possess management skills and high regard for

record keeping and also take responsibility for compliance status of the ship.

4.2 Recommendations

Based on the experiences, knowledge gained and some challenges encountered during the

Industrial Training, the following recommendations are made:

- The Students’ Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) Coordinating Unit

should liaise with agencies, companies, industries, etcetera for proper exposure of

students on Industrial Training through relevant departmental rotations within the

period of the training.

- Although Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) are being provided to enforcement

officers for inspections, the Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency

(NIMASA) should ensure an improved adherence to adequate provision and use of

these PPE during inspection.

38
- Orientation programmes by the Students’ Industrial Work Experience Scheme

(SIWES) Coordinating Unit in the Tertiary Institutions should be carried out at least

two (2) months before the stipulated time for the commencement of the Industrial

Attachment. This would expose students and direct their minds to what is expected in

the field, what records to be kept and how to find a place of attachment.

- The Students’ Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) Coordinating Unit

should liaise with companies, organizations and agencies that accept students for

industrial training to make provision for their accommodation. This would guarantee

the security of the attachees, enhance their punctuality to work and give them an

increased sense of belonging.

39
 REFERENCES

[1] Akwa Ibom State University (2018). Students’ Industrial Work Experience Scheme(SIWES):
Students Handbook.
[2] Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency. About Us [Online]. Available:
https://nimasa.gov.ng/about-us/
[3]Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency. Organizational Structure [Online].
Available: https://nimasa.gov.ng/about-us/organizational-structure/
[4]Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (2012), Marine Environment
Management [Unpublished].
[5]Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency. Marine Environment Management
[Online]. Available: https://nimasa.gov.ng/marine-environment-management/
[6] Part XXII, Section 336. Merchant Shipping Act, 2007.

[7] Part IV, Section 2. Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency Act, 2007.

[8] Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency. Marine Pollution Control [Online].
Available:https://nimasa.gov.ng/services/maritime-environment-mgt/marine-pollution-control/
[9] International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the
Protocol of 1978 relating thereto and by the Protocol of 1997 (MARPOL)
[10] Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter
(LC), 1972 and the 1996 London Protocol
[11] International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co-operation
(OPRC), 1990
[12] International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage, (CLC) 1992

[13] The International Conference on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims, 1976/96

[14] Protocol on Preparedness, Response and Co-operation to pollution Incidents by Hazardous

and Noxious Substances, 2000 (OPRC-HNS Protocol)
[15] International Convention on the Control of Harmful Anti-Fouling Systems on Ships (AFS),
2001
[16] International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, (BUNKER
CONVENTION) 2001

40
[17] The International Convention relating to Intervention on the High Seas in Cases of Oil
Pollution Casualties (INTERVENTION), 1969
[18] International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and
Sediments (BWMC), 2004
[19] Nairobi International Convention on the Removal of Wrecks, 2007

[20] The Hong Kong Convention for the Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships
(HKC), 2009
[21] The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (1982).

41
 APPENDIX

NIGERIAN MARITIME ADMINISTRATION & SAFETY AGENCY

(NIMASA)
WESTERN ZONE – 88, MARINE ROAD, APAPA, LAGOS, NIGERIA.

MARINE ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT ENFORCEMENT CHECKLIST

(a) Name of Ship: ………………….......................... (b) Ship Type…………………………

(c) IMO No:………………………. (d) Flag:……………………………….

(e) Cargo:…………………………. (f) Name of Jetty:…………..…………………..

(g) Name of Agent:…………………………………………

AREAS OF INSPECTION:

COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS COMPLIANCE LEVEL REMARKS

YES NO
GROUP A IOPP OIL POLLUTION Annex I

IAPP AIR POLLUTION Annex VI

CERTFICATE OF FITNESS FOR THE CARRIAGE OF

DANGEROUS CHEMICAL IN BULK

CLC FOR OIL POLLUTION DAMAGE

CLC FOR BUNKER OIL POLLUTION DAMAGE

BUNKER DELIVERY NOTE & REPRESENTATIVE
SAMPLE

WRECK CERTIFICATE
GROUP B SMPEP/SOPEP
ISPP (SEWAGE) Annex IV
SEWAGE EQUIPMENT TREATMENT PLAN
INTENATIONAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY CERT.

FUEL OIL CHANGER OVER PROCEDURE & LOG BOOK

42
 MANUFACTURER'S OPERATING MANUAL FOR
INCINERATOR

ANTI-FOULING
GROUP C CARGO RECORD BOOK

ORB (OIL RECORD BOOK) I

ORB (OIL RECORD BOOK) II
GRB (GARBAGE RECORD BOOK) Annex V
GARBAGE MANAGEMENT PLAN
BALLAST WATER CERTIFICATE
BALLAST WATER RECORD BOOK
GROUP D POLLUTION PREVENTION EQUIPMENT (PPE)
• OIL WATER SEPARATOR

OIL DISCHARGE MONITORING & CONTROL (ODMC)

MANUAL

STS OPERATION PLAN & RECORDS OF STS

OPERATION

VOC (GAS CARRIER ONLY) MANAGEMENT PLAN

GROUP E LAST OIL SPILL DRILL DATE

GROUP F SPL CERTIFICATE OF CLEARANCE

N.A: NOT APPLICABLE

INSPECTION TEAM
S/N NAMES DESIGNATION SIGNATURE DATE
1.

2.

………………………….……………………………………

CAPTAIN

Sample of Checklist for Vessel Inspection

Source: NIMASA

43