lUnit 3 – Wilson’s Attempts at a Lasting Peace: The Fourteen Points

1918 What were Wilson’s Fourteen Points

Wilson 1.Make no secret diplomatic agreement
Delivers

Fourteen
2.Allow freedom of the seas in peace and war
Points

Speech

To 3.Remove as many economic trade barriers as possible between countries

Congress

4.Reduce stockpiles of military armaments to lowest point needed for domestic safety

5.Adjust colonial claims, giving more weight to the views of the colonized peoples

6.Evacuate and restore Russian territories seized during the war

7.Restore and protect Belgium’s sovereignty

8.Restore French territory and settle the debate over Alsace-Lorraine

9.Adjust Italy's boundaries according to the nationalities of populations living there

10.Allow the peoples of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire to choose their own
governments

11.Redraw boundaries of Balkan states based on nationalities and historical allegiances

12.Separate the Ottoman Empire into independent countries according to nationality;

guarantee all nations access to the sea.

13.Restore and protect Poland as a sovereign state with access to the sea

14. Establish an association of nations to provide collective security and to ensure

peace
 15. What started in 1918 and is speculated to have killed more than 50 million people
globally?
-The influenza epidemic

1919 16. Why did Wilson leave the U.S. and go to the Paris Peace Conference?
Treaty -to take part in World War I peace negotiations and to promote his plan for a League
of of Nations
Versailles

is signed

17. Explain Wilson’s “Peace without victory” idea.

-peace forced upon the loser, a victor's terms imposed upon the vanquished

18. What did the various Allied nation’s want to do to Germany during the Paris Peace
Conference?
-limited the German Army and Navy in size, and allowed for the trial of Kaiser
Wilhelm II and a number of other high-ranking German officials as war criminals.

1920 19. Why did Henry Cabot Lodge and the “reservationists” oppose the Treaty of
Senate
Versailles
Rejects
the -Reservationists would only ratify the Treaty of Versailles if some changes, called
Treaty of reservations, were added to it.
Versailles

1921 20. Which point of the Fourteen Points did Wilson appeal to the American people to
Senate
support?
Rejects
the -Point 14
Treaty of

Versailles
21. Why did America not ratify the Treaty of Versailles? What were they worried
about?
- The US viewed the treaty as it not being able to build lasting peace