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Standard for Product Cleanliness
Components and Assemblies
Revision 02
Scope BU S&A
Date 2021-11- 29
© Vitesco Technologies Group AG
(exclusive rights)
Page 1 of 7

INHALTSVERZEICHNIS

Changes ........................................................................................................................................................................... 2

Previous Editions.............................................................................................................................................................. 2

1 SCOPE ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2

2 REFERENCES .......................................................................................................................................................... 2

3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS ...................................................................................................................................... 3

3.1 Cleanliness ....................................................................................................................................................... 3

3.2 Contaminations ................................................................................................................................................ 3

3.3 Liquid (oil, grease …) ........................................................................................................................................ 3

3.4 Fiber ................................................................................................................................................................. 3

3.5 Particles............................................................................................................................................................ 3

4 PARTICULATE CONTAMINATION ........................................................................................................................... 3

4.1 Methods of extraction of particulate contaminants .......................................................................................... 3

4.2 Particle sizing and counting by microscopic analysis ...................................................................................... 3

4.3 Expression of particulate contamination results............................................................................................... 3

4.4 Specification of particular cleanliness requirements ........................................................................................ 4

4.5 Specification of cleanliness requirements for contamination by fibers ............................................................ 5

4.6 Component-specific analysis for contamination by particles and fibers .......................................................... 5

5 FILMIC CONTAMINATION ....................................................................................................................................... 5

5.1 Surface tension determination ......................................................................................................................... 5

5.2 Measurement of surface with test ink .............................................................................................................. 5

6 DESIGN ENTRY ....................................................................................................................................................... 6

7 COMPONENT SPECIFIC TEST SPECIFICATION..................................................................................................... 7

8 PACKAGING, STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION ................................................................................................ 7

9 PROCESS TEAM ...................................................................................................................................................... 7

The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without expressed authorization is strictly prohibited.
Infringements can result in civil and criminal penalties.
No guarantee can be given in respect of the translation.
Author Organisation Owner Organization Released Organization
In all cases the latest English-Language version of this ECN / eSign
standard shall be taken as authoritative. Author Name Owner Name Released Name
VT S&A O MT 3 VT S&A O MT 3 VT S&A O MT
50207719
Haemmerl Hermann Haemmerl Hermann Mueller Ronny

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Doc. Type TST

Doc. Num. N 302 02.20

Doc. Part 002

Standard for Product Cleanliness
Components and Assemblies
Revision 02
Scope BU S&A
Date 2021-11- 29
© Vitesco Technologies Group AG
(exclusive rights)
Page 2 of 7

Changes

Carry over from Conti version to Vitesco template

Previous Editions

TST N00202.20-002 2015-01-27

1 SCOPE

This specification describes and defines:

The cleanliness of components and assemblies at the BU S&A

The cleanliness regarding contamination by particles and liquids (e.g. oil and grease)

The vocabulary for the characterization and measurement of contamination

The principles regarding the extraction of contamination

How to determine the mass of liquid contamination

The determining of surface tension

The determination of the size and numbers of particles, which are extracted from components - The rules and type of
documentation of cleanliness tests

2 REFERENCES

TST N 302.02.01-001 Cleanliness Guideline for Designers

TST N 302.02.01-300 Filmic Contamination

VDA 19 Inspection of technical cleanliness

VDA 19.2 Technical cleanliness in assembly – Environment, Logistics, Personnel and

Assembly Equipment

ISO 16232 – 1 Road vehicles – Cleanliness of components of fluid circuits – Part 1:

Vocabulary

ISO 16232 – 3 Road vehicles – Cleanliness of components of fluid circuits – Part 3: Method
of extraction of contaminants by pressure rinsing

ISO 16232 – 4 Road vehicles – Cleanliness of components of fluid circuits – Part 4: Method
of extraction of contaminants by ultrasonic techniques

ISO 16232 – 7 Road vehicles – Cleanliness of components of fluid circuits – Part 7: Particle
sizing and counting by microscopic analysis

ISO 16232 – 10 Road vehicles – Cleanliness of components of fluid circuits – Part 10:
Expression of results

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Standard for Product Cleanliness
Components and Assemblies
Revision 02
Scope BU S&A
Date 2021-11- 29
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(exclusive rights)
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3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

For the purpose of the document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16232-1 apply. The following terms complete
the definitions.

3.1 Cleanliness
Cleanliness is a condition of a product, surface, device etc., characterized by the absence of particulate or filmic
contamination.

3.2 Contaminations
Particulate contamination are solid-state bodies which can be removed from the components surfaces through
stagnant or streaming operating material, but only remove slowly or not at all in the operating material itself.
Permanently adherent solid-state bodies (e.g. weld-on fused beads or hardly removable burs) represent a geometrical
deviation of the components but are not rated as contamination for the purpose of this specification.

In case of the evaluation of contaminations, a distinction is drawn between particles, fibers and filmic contamination.

By particulate or filmic contamination of components or a product, there may be damage due to the product
operation (e.g. blocking, short circuit, leakage …) as well as damage at our customers (combustion chamber, catalytic
converter, turbocharger, injection system, …).

3.3 Liquid (oil, grease …)

Liquids may be both, soluble and insoluble media. In both cases, the classification and specification of the test
method should be in accordance with chapter 5.

3.4 Fiber
Fibers are non-metallic and electrically non-conductive elongated particles having a nearly constant width or nearly
constant diameter. Metallic fibers (“angel hairs”) are treated as particles. The width of fibers is 10 to 50 µm. Under a
width of 10 µm fibers are not considered as an impurity. Fibers with a width greater than 50 µm are considered
particles. Balled fibers are treated as particles.

3.5 Particles
Particles are solid-state bodies that consist e.g. of metal, plastic, rubber, glass, oxide, minerals salt and natural
material of low solubility. Paste-like contaminations are not considered as particles. Particles which disrupt or crumble
are not being rated as individual particles. Only removable individual particles are being consulted for the evaluation.

4 PARTICULATE CONTAMINATION

4.1 Methods of extraction of particulate contaminants

The method of extraction of particulate contamination shall be done by pressure spraying as described in ISO 16232-
3 or by ultrasonic techniques as described in ISO 16232-4.

Particle shall be filtered by using a filter with suitable mean flow pore size for microscopic analysis.

4.2 Particle sizing and counting by microscopic analysis

The particle sizing and counting shall be done by light optical microscopic analysis as described in

ISO 16232-7. Particle counting shall be differentiated in metallic and non-metallic particles and fibers.

4.3 Expression of particulate contamination results

The expression and presentation of the results of measurements of particulate cleanliness shall be done as described
in ISO 16232-10. The number of particles shall be calculated to a reference surface of 1000 cm2, for a better
comparability. If these notwithstanding, the number of particles per component are specified, this must be
documented in the drawing. For the calculation of the reference surface of the envelop curve to be inspected surface
of the component is used. The results should contain the achieved particle cleanliness class.

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Components and Assemblies
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4.4 Specification of particular cleanliness requirements

Cleanliness requirements should be defined using the clean classes S1 to S7 (particles length) according to Table 4-1.

The definition of cleanliness class takes place in coordination with the product cleanliness concept, from the product
development (Functional, process and customer requirements).

Particles in size class K (greater than 1000 µm) are not permitted. For particles below 50 µm there are no limits.

The table corresponds to the standard of VDA 19 and the ISO16232-10.

Maximal amount of particles per reference surface of 1000 cm2

Size class: F Size class: G Size class: H Size class: I Size class: J
Size class: E
Particle 100 < x < 150 150 < x < 200 200 < x < 400 400 < x < 600 600 < x < 1000
50 < x < 100 µm
cleanlinessclass µm µm µm µm µm
Metallic

Metallic

Metallic

Metallic

Metallic

Metallic
metallic

metallic

metallic

metallic

metallic

metallic
Non-

Non-

Non-

Non-

Non-

Non-
S1 130 64 64 32 32 16 0 0 0 0 0 0

S2 250 130 130 64 64 32 32 16 0 0 0 0

S3 500 250 250 130 130 64 64 32 32 16 0 0

S4 1000 500 500 250 250 130 130 64 64 32 32 16

S5 2000 1000 1000 500 500 250 250 130 130 64 64 32

S6 4000 2000 2000 1000 1000 500 500 250 250 130 130 64

S7 No special requirements

Table 4-1: Particle cleanliness classes

The determination of the longest length of a particle is Feretmax. L(Fmax). It is measured by the maximal distance
between two tangents.

L(Fm)

Figure 1: Particle length

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Components and Assemblies
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In addition to the maximum length of a particle, some products require a definition of the second dimension of a
particle, the particle width.

A width definition is always done in addition to the length definition (Table 4-1). For particulate width is the “killer
particle”, registered the largest remaining allowable width in the drawing.

Example: B(Fm) 300µm maximum allowable width of a particle (regardless of the length).

A definition of the maximum width is only for products or components in which the second dimension is technically
relevant. It must be documented in the drawing, if in addition to the length also the maximum width is failure relevant
(chapter 6).

Determination of the particle width vertical section B(s); width orthogonal to Feretmax. L(Fm), the greatest distance
between two points (two parallel Tangents) the content of the particles is orthogonal to Feretmax. L(Fm).

B(Fm)

Figure 2: Particle width

4.5 Specification of cleanliness requirements for contamination by fibers

Fibers as defined in Chapter 3.4 shall be specified in the project. The maximum length of a fiber must be defined
product specific.

4.6 Component-specific analysis for contamination by particles and fibers

Detailed component-specific instruction for the investigation of contamination by particles and fibers should be
defined in a test specification for particulate contamination (see also chapter 7).

5 FILMIC CONTAMINATION

A definition of the filmic contamination is only necessary if the product needs (e.g. for glue or potting areas etc.). The
affected areas are then on the drawing to be marked (e.g. as a hatched area).

There are in our product portfolio processes or products for which a specific contamination is desired (e.g. pressing of
shafts, or sintered bearings, etc.).

5.1 Surface tension determination

A common method for detecting foreign matter on the surface determining is the surface tension (in mN/m).

5.2 Measurement of surface with test ink

Test inks (pencils) are a popular method to measure the surface tension of various materials such as plastics, metals,
glasses or composites. It is important to ensure that it can come between inks and pencils as the various
manufactures to small deviations in the determination of the surface tension. Thus, should both the method and the
manufacturer are defined together with the supplier. The application of inks or pencils should be the manufacturer
specific guidelines accordingly and are defined in a test specification for filmic contamination (see also chapter 7). In
this test specification is to describe how the inks and pencils are to be applied, as well as the timings of when in the
process and when after storage should be measured.
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Components and Assemblies
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6 DESIGN ENTRY

To define requirements for cleanliness an drawing entry with a clear definition of particulate cleanliness classes shall
be made. If relevant also for particle width and filmic contamination.

The areas which must meet cleanliness requirements for particulate and/or filmic contamination shall be clearly shown
in the drawing. A non-marking of surfaces and thus increase the cleanliness requirements on component or on the
product may lead to increased component, product and analysis costs. The marked areas should be taken over in the
test specifications for particulate and filmic contamination.

Example:

TST N 302 02.20-002 Doc. Ver. 02 Cleanliness class of particles S3

Maximum particle width 300 µm *)

Surface tension 50 mN/m

Fibers 3500 µm

Alternative can also be an entry in clear text or CCC code:

Example in clear text for particles:

Maximal amount of particles per reference surface of 1000 cm2

Size class: F Size class: G Size class: H Size class: I Size class: J
Size class: E
100 < x < 150 150 < x < 200 200 < x < 400 400 < x < 600 600 < x < 1000
50 < x < 100 µm
µm µm µm µm µm
Non-metallic

Non-metallic

Non-metallic

Non-metallic

Non-metallic

Non-metallic
Metallic

Metallic

Metallic

Metallic

Metallic

Metallic

500 250 250 130 130 64 64 32 32 16 0 0

Example in CCC code for particles:

For Non-metallic

CCC = A (E9/F8/G7/H6/I5/J0)

For Metallic

CCC= A (E8/F7/G6/H5/I4/J0)

Example in clear text for particle width:

Maximum particle width 300 µm *)

Example in clear text for fibers:

The maximum allowable length of a fiber is 3500 µm

*) The maximum particle width is only to describe, if it for the product necessary.

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Components and Assemblies
Revision 02
Scope BU S&A
Date 2021-11- 29
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7 COMPONENT SPECIFIC TEST SPECIFICATION

Detailed component-specific instructions for the investigation of particulate and / or filmic contamination should be
defined in the test specifications for particulate and filmic contamination, this is created by Vitesco or prepared in
corporation with the supplier.

8 PACKAGING, STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION

Components and assemblies shall be packaged, stored and transported in an applicable way, to ensure the defined
cleanliness class and the surface is not damaged.

See German Automotive Industry Standard VDA 19.2 for additional information.

9 PROCESS TEAM

Name Department Location

Peter Grosmann S&A O MT Schwalbach

Uwe Lindemann S&A BBE TE Bebra

Dr. Ralph-Joachim Eifler S&A BBE TE Bebra

Björn Schrader S&A AC RD CC2 Schwalbach

Ute Erdmann S&A SQM Schwalbach

Klaus Bleuel FEM Q Schwalbach

Walter Fröhlich FEM RD MB Schwalbach

Norbert Fernau FEM RD PCAD Bebra

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