VELAMMAL VIDHYALAYA NEXUS, CHENNAI 2021-2022

BRIDGE COURSE SUPPORTIVE MATERIAL 4

GRADE 11 CHEMISTRY - REDOX REACTIONS 2

Oxidising agent : Acceptor of electron(s).

Reducing agent : Donor of electron(s).
2 Na(s) + Cl2 (g) 2 Na+ Cl– (s) or 2 NaCl (s)
sodium, which is oxidised, acts as a reducing agent because it donates
electron to each of the elements interacting with it and thus helps in
reducing them.
Chlorine, is reduced and act as oxidising agents because it accepts
electron from sodium.

Types of Redox reactions

1. Combination reaction: When two or more reactants react to form
single product.

i.e   a + b --> ab (in this single product is formed).

For the reaction to be Redox, both the elements should be in
elemental form.
For example: All combustion reactions are Redox reactions.
C0        + O2 -->   CO2
Carbon  Oxygen  Carbondioxide

2.Decomposition reaction: It is the type of reaction, in which a

reactant breaks up into its constituents either by heating, passing
current or in presence of light.

3.Displacement reaction: It is the reaction between element

and a compound. In This more reactive element displaces less
reactive from its compound.
CuSO4            + Zn         --> ZnSO4 + Cu
Copper Sulphate  Zinc                Zinc Sulphate Copper
Displacement reactions fit into two categories: metal displacement
and non metal displacement.
Metal displacement: a metal in a compound can be displaced by
another metal in the uncombined state .Metal displacement
reactions find many applications in metallurgy. Few examples are:

Non-metal displacement: The non metal displacement involves

mainly displacement of hydrogen and a rarely occurring reaction
involving oxygen displacement .For example:
 
Non metal non-metal displacement: in this non metal gets
displaced by non metal according to reactivities .For example if
we consider bromine and chlorine so, it is but obvious that
chlorine can replace bromine as it is more reactive.

4.Disproportionate reaction: A reaction in which the same

species is simultaneously reduced and oxidized .
One of the reacting species in this reaction is always an
element, that can exist in at least three oxidation states .
The element in the form of reacting species is in the
intermediate oxidation state .In this higher and lower both
oxidation states of the element are formed.

For Example:- 

      H2O2         -->   H2O    +  H2

Hydrogen Peroxide  Water Oxygen Gas

In above example, the oxidation number of Oxygen

which is -1 in peroxide increases to zero in O2 and decreases to -
2 in water.