1. What is an ideal voltage source?

Answer: A device with zero internal resistance.

2. What is an ideal current source?

Answer: A device with infinite internal resistance.

3. What is a practical voltage source?

Answer: A device with small internal resistance.

4. What is a practical current source?

Answer: A device with large internal resistance.

5. The voltage out of an ideal voltage source is

A. Zero

B. Constant

C. Load resistance dependent

D. Internal resistance dependent

Answer: B

6. The current out of an ideal current source is

A. Zero

B. Constant

C. Load resistance dependent

D. Internal resistance dependent

Answer: B

7. The path between two points along which an electrical current can be carried is called

A. A network

B. A relay
C. A circuit

D. A loop

Answer: C

8. The formula for current as per Ohm’s Law is

A. Voltage / Resistance

B. Resistance * Voltage

C. Voltage + Resistance

D. Resistance / Voltage

Answer: A

9. The unit of electrical resistance is

A. Volt

B. Amp

C. Ohm

D. Coulomb

Answer: C

10. In a constant voltage DC circuit, when the resistance increases, the current will

A. Decrease

B. Stop

C. Increase

D. Remains constant

Answer: A

Basic Semiconductor Theory Questions

1. Number of valence electrons in a silicon atom are

A. 1

B. 4

C. 8

D. 16

Answer: B

2. The most commonly used semiconductor element is

A. Silicon

B. Germanium

C. Gallium

D. Carbon

Answer: A

3. Copper is a

A. Insulator

B. Conductor

C. Semiconductor

D. Super Conductor

Answer: B

4. Number of protons in the nucleus of a silicon atom are

A. 4

B. 14

C. 29

D. 32

Answer: B
5. The valence electron of a conductor are also called as

A. Bound electron

B. Free electron

C. Nucleus

D. Proton

Answer: B

6. An intrinsic semiconductor at room temperature has

A. A few free electrons and holes

B. Many holes

C. Many free electrons

D. No holes

Answer: A

7. At room temperature, an intrinsic semiconductor has some holes in it due to

A. Doping

B. Free electrons

C. Thermal energy

D. Valence electrons

Answer: C

8. The number of holes in an intrinsic semiconductor is

A. Equal to number of free electrons

B. Greater than number of free electrons

C. Less than number of free electrons

D. None of the above

Answer: A

9. Holes act as

A. Atoms

B. Crystals

C. Negative charges

D. Positive charges

Answer: D

10. Pick the odd one in the group

A. Conductor

B. Semiconductor

C. Four valence electrons

D. Crystal structure

Answer: A

11. To produce P-type semiconductors, you need to add

A. Trivalent impurity

B. Carbon

C. Pentavalent impurity

D. Silicon

Answer: A

12. Electrons are the minority carriers in

A. Extrinsic Semiconductors

B. p-type Semiconductors

C. Intrinsic Semiconductors
D. n-type Semiconductors

Answer: D

13. A p-type semiconductor contains

A. Holes and Negative ions

B. Holes and Positive ions

C. Holes and Pentavalent atoms

D. Holes and Donor atoms

Answer: A

14. How many electrons does pentavalent atoms have?

A. 1

B. 3

C. 4

D. 5

Answer: D

15. Negative ions are

A. Atoms that obtained a proton

B. Atoms that lost a proton

C. Atoms that obtained an electron

D. Atoms that lost an electron

Answer: C

Basic Semiconductor Diode Questions

1. Depletion layer is caused by

A. Doping
B. Recombination

C. Barrier potential

D. Ions

Answer: B

2. The reverse current in a diode is usually

A. Very small

B. Very large

C. Zero

D. In the breakdown region

Answer: A

3. Avalanche in Diode occurs at

A. Barrier potential

B. Depletion layer

C. Knee voltage

D. Breakdown voltage

Answer: D

4. The potential barrier of a silicon diode is

A. 0.3 V

B. 0.7 V

C. 1 V

D. 5V

Answer: B

5. The reverse saturation current in a Silicon Diode is _____ than that of Germanium Diode
A. Equal

B. Higher

C. Lower

D. Depends on temperature

Answer: C

6. A Diode is a

A. Bilateral Device

B. Nonlinear Device

C. Linear Device

D. Unipolar Device

Answer: C

7. The diode current is large for which condition

A. Forward Bias

B. Inverse Bias

C. Poor Bias

D. Reverse Bias

Answer: A

8. The output voltage signal of a bridge rectifier is

A. Half-wave

B. Full-wave

C. Bridge-rectified signal

D. Sine wave

Answer: B
9. If the maximum DC current rating of diodes in Bridge Rectifier is 1A, what is the maximum DC load current?

A. 1A

B. 2A

C. 4A

D. 8A

Answer: B

10. Voltage multipliers produce

A. Low voltage and low current

B. Low voltage and high current

C. High voltage and low current

D. High voltage and high current

Answer: C

11. What is a Clipper?

Answer: A circuit that removes a part (positive or negative) of a waveform so that it doesn’t exceed a certain voltage level.

12. What is a Clamper?

Answer: A circuit that adds a DC voltage (positive or negative) to a wave.

13. Zener diode can be described as

A. A rectifier diode.

B. A device with constant – voltage.

C. A device with constant – current.

D. A device that works in the forward region.

Answer: B

14. If the Zener Diode is connected in wrong polarity, the voltage across the load is
A. 0.7 V

B. 10 V

C. 14 V

D. 18 V

Answer: A

Basic Transistor Questions

1. Number of PN Junctions in a Transistor

A. One

B. Two

C. Three

D. Four

Answer: B

2. The doping concentration of Base in NPN Transistor is

A. Lightly Doped

B. Moderately Doped

C. Heavily Doped

D. Not Doped

Answer: A

3. The Base – Emitter Diode (Base – Emitter Junction) in an NPN Transistor is

A. Doesn’t conduct

B. Forward Biased

C. Reverse Biased

D. Operates in breakdown region

Answer: B

4. The size comparison between Base, Emitter and Collector is

A. Base > Collector > Emitter

B. Emitter > Collector > Base

C. Collector > Emitter > Base

D. All are equal

Answer: C

5. The Base – Collector Diode (Base Collector Junction) is usually

A. Reverse Biased

B. Forward Biased

C. Breakdown Region

D. No Conduction

Answer: A

6. The DC Current Gain of a Transistor is

A. Ratio of Emitter Current to Collector Current

B. Ratio of Base Current to Emitter Current

C. Ratio of Collector Current to Base Current

D. Ratio of Base Current to Collector Current

Answer: C

7. If base current is 100µA and current gain is 100, then collector current is

A. 1A

B. 10A

C. 1mA
D. 10mA

Answer: D

8. The majority carriers in NPN and PNP Transistors are

A. Holes and Electrons

B. Electrons and Holes

C. Acceptor Ions and Donor Ions

D. None

Answer: B

9. A Transistor acts as a

A. Voltage Source and a Current Source

B. Current Source and a Resistor

C. Diode and Current Source

D. Diode and Power Supply

Answer: C

10. The relation between Base Current IB, Emitter Current IE and Collector Current IC is

A. IE = IB + IC

B. IB = IC + IE

C. IE = IB – IC

D. IC = IB + IE

Answer: A

11. The total power dissipated by a transistor is a product of collector current and

A. Supply Voltage

B. 0.7V
C. Collector – Emitter Voltage

D. Base – Emitter Voltage

Answer: C

12. The input impedance of Common Emitter Configuration is

A. Low

B. High

C. Zero

D. Very High

Answer: A

13. The output impedance of Common Emitter Configuration is

A. Low

B. Very Low

C. High

D. Zero

Answer: C

14. The current gain in Common Base configuration (α) is

A. Ratio of Base Current to Emitter Current (IB/IE)

B. Ratio of Collector Current to Emitter Current (IC/IE)

C. Ratio of Collector Current to Base Current (IC/IB)

D. None

Answer: B

15. Relation between α and ß is

A. α = ß / (ß + 1)
B. ß = α / (1 – α)

C. α = ß * (ß + 1)

D. α = ß / (ß – 1)

Answer: Both A and B

4. Find the voltage across the 6 ohm resistor.

a) 150V

b) 181.6V

c) 27.27V

d) 54.48V

View Answer

Answer: c

Explanation: Total current I=150/(6+12+15)=(150/33)V

V across 6 ohm = 6*I = 6*(150/33)V = 27.27V.

5. Calculate the total current in the circuit.

a) 20 A
b) 10 A

c) 11.43 A

d) 15 A

View Answer

Answer: c

Explanation: The 1 ohm and 2 ohm resistor are in series which is in parallel to the 3 ohm resistor. The equivalent of these resistances (3/2 ohm) is in series
with the 4 ohm and 5 ohm resistor. Total R = 21/2 ohm. I=V/R=120/(21/2)=240/21=11.43 A.

Calculate the total resistance between the points A and B.

a) 7 ohm

b) 0 ohm

c) 7.67 ohm

d) 0.48 ohm

View Answer

Answer: c

Explanation: 1 ohm in parallel with 2 ohm give 2/3 ohm equivalent which is in series with 4 ohm and 3 ohm so total resistance between A and B = 4 + 2/3 + 3 =
23/3 = 7.67 ohm.

Calculate the equivalent resistance between A and B.

a) 60 ohm

b) 15 ohm

c) 12 ohm

d) 48 ohm

View Answer

Answer: c

Explanation: 5 ohm and 15 ohm are connected in series to give 20 ohm.10ohm and 20 ohm are connected in series to give 30 ohm. Now both equivalent
resistances (20ohm and 30 ohm) are in parallel to give equivalent resistance 20*30/(20+30) = 12 ohm.

Calculate the equivalent resistance between A and B.

a) 6.67 ohm

b) 46.67 ohm

c) 26.67 ohm

d) 10.67 ohm

View Answer

Answer: a

Explanation: R=20||20||20=6.67 ohm. The three 20 ohm resistors are in parallel and re-sistance is measured across this terminal.

6. What is the value of current if a 50C charge flows in a conductor over a period of 5 seconds?

a) 5A

b) 10A

c) 15A

d) 20A

View Answer
 Answer: b

Explanation: Current=Charge/Time. Here charge = 50c and time = 5seconds, so current = 50/5 = 10A.

7. KCL deals with the conservation of?

a) Momentum

b) Mass

c) Potential Energy

d) Charge

View Answer

Answer: d

Explanation: KCL states that the amount of charge entering a junction is equal to the amount of charge leaving it, hence it is the conservation of charge.

8. KCL is applied at _________

a) Loop

b) Node

c) Both loop and node

d) Neither loop nor node

View Answer

Answer: b

Explanation: KCL states that the amount of charge leaving a node is equal to the amount of charge entering it, hence it is applied at nodes.

9. KCL can be applied for __________

a) Planar networks

b) Non-planar networks

c) Both planar and non-planar

d) Neither planar nor non-planar

View Answer

Answer: c
 Explanation: KCL is applied for different nodes of a network whether it is planar or non-planar.

10. What is the value of the current I?

a) 8A

b) 7A

c) 6A

d) 5A

View Answer

Answer: a

Explanation: At the junction, I-2+3-4-5=0. Hence I=8A.

1. Calculate the value of V1 and V2.

a) 4V, 6V

b) 5V, 6V

c) 6V, 7V

d) 7V, 8V
View Answer

Answer: a

Explanation: Using KVL, 12-V1-8=0. V1= 4V.

8-V2-2=0. V2=6V.

1. Which of the following is not an expression power?

a) P=VI

b) P=I2R

c) P=V2/R

d) P=I/R

View Answer

Answer d

Explanation: Power is the product of voltage and current. Writing I in terms of V, we get P=V 2/R and writing V in terms of I, we get P=I2r.

2. Which of the following statements are true?

a) Power is proportional to voltage only

b) Power is proportional to current only

c) Power is neither proportional to voltage nor to the current

d) Power is proportional to both the voltage and current

View Answer

Answer: d

Explanation: Power is proportional to both voltage and current.

3. A 250V bulb passes a current of 0.3A. Calculate the power in the lamp.

a) 75W

b) 50W

c) 25W

d) 90W
View Answer

Answer: a

Explanation: Here, V = 250v and I = 0.3A. P=VI. Which implies that, P=250*0.3=75W.

4. Kilowatt-hour(kWh) is a unit of?

a) Current

b) Power

c) Energy

d) Resistance

View Answer

Answer: c

Explanation: Power is the energy per unit time. That is, P=E/t. If the unit of power in kW and the unit of time is an hour, then the unit of energy=unit
of power*unit of time=kWh.

5. Calculate the power in the 20 ohm resistance.

a) 2000kW

b) 2kW

c) 200kW

d) 2W

View Answer

Answer: b

Explanation: Here V = 200v and Resistance( R) = 20ohm. P=V 2/R= 2002/20=2000W=2kW.

6. A current of 5A flows in a resistor of 2 ohms. Calculate the energy dissipated in 300 seconds in the resistor.

a) 15kJ

b) 15000kJ

c) 1500J

d) 15J

View Answer

Answer: a

Explanation: P=I2R =52*2=50W.

E= Pt=50*300=15000J=15kJ.

8. Calculate the power across each 10 ohm resistance.

a) 1000kW, 1000kW

b) 1kW, 1kW

c) 100W, 100W

d) 100kW, 100kW

View Answer

Answer: b
 Explanation: This is parallel connected circuit, hence the voltage across each of the resistors is the same. P =(V 2)/R=(1002)/10 = 1000W=1kW. Since
both the resistors receive the same amount of voltage, the power in both is the same.

9. Calculate the work done in a resistor of 20 ohm carrying 5A of current in 3 hours.

a) 1.5J

b) 15J

c) 1.5kWh

d) 15kWh

View Answer

Answer: c

Explanation: To find power: P=I 2R=52*20=500W=0.5kW.

To find Work done: W=Pt=0.5*3=1.5kW

0. The SI unit of power is?

a) kW(kilo-watt)

b) J/s(joules per second)

c) Ws(watt-second)

d) J/h(joules per hour

View Answer

Answer: b

Explanation: Power = energy/time

SI unit of power = SI unit of energy/SI unit of time = joule/second

. A bulb has a power of 200W. What is the energy dissipated by it in 5 minutes?

a) 60J

b) 1000J

c) 60kJ

d) 1kJ

View Answer
 Answer: c

Explanation: Here, Power = 200w and time = 5min. E=Pt => E= 200*5= 1000Wmin=60000Ws= 60000J= 60kJ.

4. Calculate the energy dissipated by the circuit in 50 seconds.

a) 50kJ

b) 50J

c) 100j

d) 100kJ

View Answer

Answer: a

Explanation: Here V = 100 and R = 10. Power in the circuit= V2/R = 1002/10 = 1000W.

Energy= Pt= 1000*50 = 50000J = 50kJ.

5. Which among the following is an expression for energy?

a) V2It

b) V2Rt

c) V2t/R

d) V2t2/R

View Answer

Answer: c
 Explanation: Expression for power = VI, substituting I from ohm’s law we can write, P=V 2/R. Energy is the product of power and time, hence E=Pt =
V2t/R.

Calculate the energy in the 10 ohm resistance in 10 seconds.

a) 400J

b) 40kJ

c) 4000J

d) 4kJ

View Answer

Answer: b

Explanation: Since the resistors are connected in parallel, the voltage across both the resistors are the same, hence we can use the expression
P=V2/R. P=2002/10= 4000W. E=Pt = 4000*10=40000Ws = 40000J = 40kJ.

8. A current of 2A flows in a wire offering a resistance of 10ohm. Calculate the energy dissipated by the wire in 0.5 hours.

a) 72Wh

b) 72kJ

c) 7200J

d) 72kJh

View Answer

Answer b

Explanation: Here I (current) = 2A and Resistance(R) = 10ohm. Power = I2R = 22*10=40. Energy = Pt = 40*0.5*60*60 = 72000J=72kJ.

5. A wire has the same resistance as the one given in the figure. Calculate its resistivity if the length of the wire is 10m and its area of cross section is
2m.
a) 16 ohm-metre

b) 8 ohm-metre

c) 16 kiloohm-metre

d) 8 kiloohm-metre

View Answer

Answer: b

Explanation: From the given circuit, R=V/I = 200/5 = 40ohm.

Resistivity= Resistance*Area of cross section/ Length of the wire.

Resistivity= 40*2/10= 8 ohm-metr

6. Which, among the following is a unit for resistivity?

a) ohm/metre

b) ohm/metre2

c) ohm-metre

d) ohm-metre2

View Answer

Answer: c

Explanation: Resistivity = Resistance* Length/area of cross section.

Unit of resistivity = ohm*(m2)/m = ohm-m.

7. What is the resistivity of Copper?

a) 1.59*10-8ohm-m

b) 2.7*10-8ohm-m
c) 7.3*10-8ohm-m

d) 5.35*10-8ohm-m

View Answer

Answer: a

Explanation: Resistivity is a material property. Different materials have different resistivity. Resistivity of copper is 1.72*10 -8 ohm-m.

8. Calculate the ratio of the resistivity of 2 wires having the same length and same resistance with area of cross section 2m 2 and 5m2 respectively.

a) 5:7

b) 2:7

c) 2:5

d) 7:5

View Answer

Answer: c

Explanation: Resistivity = R*A/L

Since resistance and length of the two wires are same so resistivity is directly proportional to area of cross section. Ratio of area is 2:5 so the ratio
of resistivity is also 2:5.

9. Which of the following statements are true with regard to resistivity?

a) Resistance depends on the temperature

b) Resistance does not depend on the temperature

c) Resistivity depend on the length

d) Resistivity depend on area of cross section

View Answer

Answer: a

Explanation: Resistivity is material property. It depends only on temperature.

For the same material with different length and area, resistivity remains the same until temperature remains constant.

10. The reciprocal of resistivity is________

a) Conductance

b) Resistance

c) Conductivity

d) Impedance

View Answer

Answer: c

Explanation: The expression for resistivity is = RA/l. The expression for conductivity = Cl/A; C=1/R => Conductivity = l/(AR) = 1/resistivity. Hence,
conductivity is the reciprocal of resistivity.

1. The resistance of pure metals ___________

a) Increases with an increase in temperature

b) Decreases with an increase in temperature

c) Remains the same with an increase in temperature

d) Becomes zero with an increase in temperature

View Answer

Answer: a

2. The resistance of insulators __________

a) Increases with an increase in temperature

b) Decreases with an increase in temperature

c) Remains the same with an increase in temperature

d) Becomes zero with an increase in temperature

View Answer

Answer: b

3. Which of the following statements are true about metals?

a) Metals have a positive temperature coefficient

b) Metals have a negative temperature coefficient

c) Metals have zero temperature coefficient

d) Metals have infinite temperature coefficient

View Answer

Answer: a

Explanation: The resistance of metals increases with an increase in temperature thus, it has a positive temperature coefficient.

4. Which of the following statements are true about insulators?

a) Insulators have a positive temperature coefficient

b) Insulators have a negative temperature coefficient

c) Insulators have zero temperature coefficient

d) Insulators have infinite temperature coefficient

View Answer

Answer: b

Explanation: Insulators have a negative temperature coefficient because as temperature increases, the resistance of insulators decreases.

5. What is the unit of temperature coefficient?

a) ohm/centigrade

b) ohm-centigrade

c) centigrade-1

d) centigrade

View Answer

Answer: c

. If the temperature is increased in semi-conductors such that the resistance incessantly falls, it is termed as _______

a) Avalanche breakdown

b) Zener breakdown

c) Thermal runway

d) Avalanche runway

View AnswerAnswer c

5. Nodal analysis is generally used to determine______

a) Voltage

b) Current

c) Resistance

d) Power

View Answer

Answer: a

6. Mesh analysis is generally used to determine_________

a) Voltage

b) Current

c) Resistance
d) Power

View Answer

Answer: b

9. KVL is associated with____________

a) Mesh analysis

b) Nodal analysis

c) Both mesh and nodal

d) Neither mesh nor nodal

View Answer

Answer: a

0. KCL is associated with_________

a) Mesh analysis

b) Nodal analysis

c) Both mesh and nodal

d) Neither mesh nor nodal

View Answer

Answer: b

Explanation: KCL employs nodal analysis to find the different node voltages by finding the value if a current in each branch.

1. In superposition theorem, when we consider the effect of one voltage source, all the other voltage sources are ____________

a) Shorted

b) Opened

c) Removed

d) Undisturbed

View Answer

Answer: a

Explanation: In superposition theorem when we consider the effect of one voltage source, all the other voltage sources are shorted and current
sources are opened.

2. In superposition theorem, when we consider the effect of one current source, all the other voltage sources are ____________

a) Shorted
b) Opened

c) Removed

d) Undisturbed

View Answer

Answer: a

Explanation: In superposition theorem, whether we consider the effect of a voltage or current source, voltage sources are always shorted and current
sources are always opened.

3. In superposition theorem, when we consider the effect of one voltage source, all the other current sources are ____________

a) Shorted

b) Opened

c) Removed

d) Undisturbed

View Answer

Answer: b

Explanation: In superposition theorem when we consider the effect of one voltage source, all the other current sources are opened and voltage
sources are shorted.

4. In superposition theorem, when we consider the effect of one current source, all the other current sources are ____________

a) Shorted

b) Opened

c) Removed

d) Undisturbed

View Answer

Answer: b

Explanation: In superposition theorem, whether we consider the effect of a voltage or current source, current sources are always opened and voltage
sources are always shorted.

9. Superposition theorem is valid for _________

a) Linear systems

b) Non-linear systems

c) Both linear and non-linear systems

d) Neither linear nor non-linear systems

View Answer

Answer: a

Explanation: Superposition theorem is valid only for linear systems because the effect of a single source cannot be individually calculated in a non-
linear system.
 0. Superposition theorem does not work for ________

a) Current

b) Voltage

c) Power

d) Works for all: current, voltage and powe

View Answer

Answer: c

Explanation: Power across an element is not equal to the power across it due to all the other sources in the system. The power in an element is the
product of the total voltage and the total current in that element.

4. The Thevenin voltage is the__________

a) Open circuit voltage

b) Short circuit voltage

c) Open circuit and short circuit voltage

d) Neither open circuit nor short circuit voltage

View Answer

Answer: a

5. Thevenin resistance is found by ________

a) Shorting all voltage sources

b) Opening all current sources

c) Shorting all voltage sources and opening all current sources

d) Opening all voltage sources and shorting all current sources

View Answer

Answer: c

6. Thevenin’s theorem is true for __________

a) Linear networks

b) Non-Linear networks

c) Both linear networks and nonlinear networks

d) Neither linear networks nor non-linear networks

View Answer

Answer: a

Explanation: Thevenin’s theorem works for only linear circuit elements and not non-linear ones such as BJT, semiconductors etc.
9. Which of the following is also known as the dual of Thevenin’s theorem?

a) Norton’s theorem

b) Superposition theorem

c) Maximum power transfer theorem

d) Millman’s theorem

View Answer

Answer: a

1. A voltage source connected in series with a resistor can be converted to a?

a) Current source in series with a resistor

b) Current source in parallel with a resistor

c) Voltage source in parallel with a resistor

d) Cannot be modified

View Answer

Answer: b

7. A current source connected in parallel with a resistor can be converted to a?

a) Current source in series with a resistor

b) Voltage source in series with a resistor

c) Voltage source in parallel with a resistor

d) Cannot be modified

View Answer

Answer: b

Explanation: A current source connected in parallel can be converted to a voltage source connected in series using the relation obtained from Ohm’s
law, that is V=IR. This equation shows that a current source connected in parallel has the same impact as a voltage source connected in series.

1. The maximum power drawn from source depends on __________

a) Value of source resistance

b) Value of load resistance

c) Both source and load resistance

d) Neither source or load resistance

View Answer

Answer: b

Explanation: The maximum power transferred is equal to E2/4*RL. So, we can say maximum power depends on load resistance.

Under the condition of maximum power efficiency is?

a) 100%

b) 0%

c) 30%

d) 50%

View AnswerAnswer: d

10. Name some devices where maximum power has to be transferred to the load rather than maximum efficiency.

a) Amplifiers

b) Communication circuits

c) Both amplifiers and communication circuits

d) Neither amplifiers nor communication circuits

View Answer

Answer: c

Explanation: Maximum power transfer to the load is preferred over maximum efficiency in both amplifiers and communication circuits since in both
these cases the output voltage is more than the input.