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Abb SK
Abb SK
Abb SK
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21TH JAN 2020
Major changes
▪ Increased RE mix, Wind and solar energy in the whole network
▪ Intermittent renewable energy sources
▪ Grid stability, security and Energy storage
▪ Reduction of CO2 emission, generation mix
• Change of grid architecture- Inertia, Reactive power, Ramp
up/down
• Calm, Cloud, Rain seasonal variations and climate change
Opportunities
▪ Transport of electricity over very long distances
▪ Integration of renewable energies (storage, smart grids, etc.)
▪ Harmonization of standards and grid codes
▪ Ancillary services
Actual
Supply power power Absorb power
t [sec>min] consumption t [sec]
Energy Energy
t [ms] stored
Energy stored
in ESS in ESS
stored
in ESS
Discharge
Discharge Discharge
Charge
The larger the amount of wind and solar in the generation mix,
the larger the problems in the grid
The capacity of renewables is increasing rapidly
New Requirements for Pumped Storage Doubly Fed Induction Machine (DFIM)
Flexible operation is requested – Induction machine (ASM) controlled by AC
– Fast capability to supply/ absorb large amount of energy Excitation Frequency Converter
– Fast capability to change operation mode – Solution used for large variable speed units
– Short start-up time – Complex solution with limited speed variation range
Ancillary services
– Improved frequency regulation capability Converter Fed Synchronous Machine (CFSM)
– Primary and secondary regulation also in pumping mode – Synchronous Machine (SM) driven by Full Size
Efficiency improvement Frequency Converter connected to stator windings
– Optimum operation point of the pump-turbine – Advanced solution best fitting for new pumped storage
requirements
Grid code compliance
– Overcoming DFIM shortcomings
– Latest Grid Code requirements have to be fulfilled
Power electronics makes Hydro Pumped Storage more flexible and improve its efficiency
~
~
~
U1 U2
Q1 Q2 Reactive Power Control Characteristics
~
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~ Independent controllers on each converter sides
Extremely fast reaction time (range of ms)
— Machine 1 in operation
Machine 2 in operation
Converter Fed Synchronous Machine Machine 1 or both machines in operation
Solution of Choice for Efficient Pumped Storage – Maximal use of water conditions and resources
CFSM – Most Valuable Pumped Storage Solution for Integration of Large Amount of Renewables
Converter Fed Synchronous Machine – Increased renewable integration with optimized efficiency
– Machine can be designed for pure active power operation (cos phi
1) ⮚ cost savings
Converter Fed Synchronous Machine – Robust Solution for Highly Demanding Applications
CFSM variable speed solution – The Pumped Hydro technology for today and tomorrow Power Grids
Customer needs
Maximal operation flexibility
Removal of energy consuming hydraulic short circuit
Fulfillment of new grid code requirements
High system efficiency, reliability and availability
Start of operation scheduled Q1/2021
Customer’s benefits
Maximized operation flexibility and participation to highly dynamic
market
Support of Integration of Renewables in Germany
Extended revenues with provision of primary control even in pump
mode
Increased operation efficiency
Grid Code Fully fulfilled
Redundancy in converter for safe operation during winter