LEARNING PACKET

GRADE 7
MIXTURES
 Learning Objectives:
After accomplishing this learning packet, you are expected to:
1. Differentiate a mixture from a pure substance according to the particle theory of
matter
2. Explain the difference between a solution and a mechanical mixture.
3. Classify mixtures into homogeneous or heterogeneous mixtures.
4. Distinguish solute and solvent in a certain mixture.
5. Describe different methods of separating mixtures.
6. Choose which method of separation would be best for a particular mixture
ENGAGE
To check your knowledge about mixtures, let us do this task!
Activity 1. Where Do I Belong?
Instructions: Below is a word pool, list each words in the table under mixture or
substance. Copy the table on your notebook. (10 points)

WORD POOL
Vinegar Salt water
Salt Pure gold
Soda drink Water
Sugar water Pure Oxygen
Sugar Steel

MIXTURES SUBSTANCE

DID YOU KNOW? A pure substance consists only of one element or one compound, while a
mixture consists of two or more different substances, not chemically joined
together.
 EXPLORE
Now, you are refreshed with the differences of mixtures and substances. Let us now
move on to the next activity!
Mechanical mixtures are mixtures that has component that can be separable by
mechanical or physical means.

Activity 2. What Am I?
Instructions: Identify each object and distinguish the different components of the
mixtures or solution. After that, explain on why it is a solution or a mechanical mixture.

1. Object: ______________________________

Components: ____________________________________________

Is it a solution or a mechanical mixture, why?

________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________.
Reference:
https://www.istockphoto.com/illustrations/chocolate-
chip-cookie

Object: ______________________________
2.
Components: ____________________________________________

Is it a solution or a mechanical mixture, why?

________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________.

Reference:
https://in.pinterest.com/pin/315392780150368493/

3. Object: ______________________________

Components: ____________________________________________

Is it a solution or a mechanical mixture, why?

________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________.
Reference:
https://stock.adobe.com/search?k=pizza+clipart
4.

Object: ______________________________

Components: ____________________________________________

Is it a solution or a mechanical mixture, why?

________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________.

Reference:
https://clipart.world/coffee-cup-clipart/coffee-cup-clipart-
transparent-1/

5.

Object: ______________________________

Components: ____________________________________________

Is it a solution or a mechanical mixture, why?

________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________.

Reference:
https://www.istockphoto.com/vector/bowl-of-salad-
gm807367376-131313487

EXPLAIN
Mixture is composed of one or more pure substances in varying composition.
There are two types of mixtures: heterogeneous and homogeneous. The
components of mixtures can be of any state of matter (solid, liquid, or gas)

The following are the characteristics and properties of different mixtures:

1. The original physical and chemical properties of the components remain intact
without any changes.
2. The separations of the substances from the mixture can easily be done.
3. The components does not share any chemical bonding while in a mixture.
4. The proportions of the solvent to solute (or vice versa) can vary.
 5. The two or more substances are existing together despite there being no force
acting between them.
6. The substances in the mixture are either homogeneous or heterogeneous in
nature.
7. There is no change in the energy during the formation of the mixture.
8. Boiling point vary in different mixtures.
Two types of mixtures:
 Homogeneous Mixture- Mixtures having a uniform composition all through the
substance are called Homogeneous Mixtures.
Properties of homogeneous mixtures:
1. All solutions are instances of a homogeneous mixture.
2. The size of the particles in such a case is less than one nanometer.
3. They don't demonstrate Tyndall's impact.
4. You can't separate the boundaries of particles.
5. You can't separate the constituent particles here utilizing
centrifugation or decantation.
6. Alloys are the instances of a solution.
 Heterogeneous Mixture- Mixtures that are not uniform all through are
called Heterogeneous Mixtures. Along these lines, a mixture of soil and sand,
sulfur and iron filings, oil and water and so on are heterogeneous as they don't
have a uniform composition.
Properties of heterogenous mixtures:

1. Most of the mixtures are heterogeneous aside from solutions and

alloys.
2. The constituent particles are not present uniformly here.
3. You can distinguish the components effectively.
4. Generally, at least two stages are available in a heterogeneous
mixture.
5. The size of the particles here is in the range of one nanometer to one
micrometre.
6. They demonstrate the Tyndall impact.
Methods of Separating Mixtures:
1. Decantation: Decantation is the process of separation of liquid from solid and other
immiscible (non-mixing) liquids, by removing the liquid layer at the top from the layer of
solid or liquid below. The process can be carried out by tilting the mixture after pouring
out the top layer.

Reference: https://byjus.com/chemistry/decantation/

2. Distillation: When mixtures consist of two or more pure liquids than distillation is used.
Here the components of a liquid mixture are vaporized, condensed and then isolated. The
mixture is heated and the component, which is volatile, evaporates first. The vapor moves
through a condenser and is collected in a liquid state.

Reference: https://www.pharmaguideline.com/2007/02/distillation-
basic-principle-and-mehodology-of-simple-distillaion.html

3. Filtration: Also called “sedimentation”. The most common method of separating a liquid
from an insoluble solid is the filtration. Take, for example, the mixture of sand and water.
Filtration is used here to remove solid particles from the liquid. Various filtering agents
are normally used like filtering paper or other materials.

Reference: https://byjus.com/chemistry/filtration/

4. Handpicking process: This method involves simply picking out all the unwanted
substances by hand and separating them from useful ones. The separated substances
may be an impurity that has to be thrown away or maybe that both the separated
substances are useful. For example – if you separate black grapes from green ones from
a mixture of the two.

Reference: https://byjus.com/chemistry/handpicking/
5. Evaporation: Evaporation is a technique that is used in separating a mixture, usually a
solution of a solvent and a soluble solid. In this method, the solution is heated until
the organic solvent evaporates where it turns into a gas and mostly leaves behind the
solid residue.

Reference: https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/separation-by-evaporation/

6. Magnetic separation: When one substance in the mixture has some magnetic
properties then this method is quite useful. Strong magnets are commonly used to
separate magnetic elements.

Reference: https://www.vecteezy.com/vector-art/3560204-separating-mixtures-by-using-magnet

7. Sieving: It is done to separate mixtures that contain substances mostly of different

sizes. The mixture is passed through the pores of the sieve. All the smaller substances
pass through easily while the bigger components of the mixture are retained.
Reference: https://www.vecteezy.com/vector-art/3560204-separating-mixtures-by-using-magnet

8. Chromatography: Chromatography is based on the principle where molecules in

mixture applied onto the surface or into the solid, and fluid stationary phase (stable
phase) is separating from each other while moving with the aid of a mobile phase.

Reference: https://k8schoollessons.com/separating-mixtures /

References:

https://www.depedk12.com/search?q=Self+Learning+MOdules
https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zyvnrwx/revision/1#:~:text=In%20chemistry%3A,s
ubstances%2C%20not%20chemically%20joined%20together
https://sciencenotes.org/what-is-a-heterogeneous-mixture-definition-and-examples/
https://www.vedantu.com/chemistry/mixtures
https://byjus.com/chemistry/methods-of-separation/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5206469/