Module _, Lesson _

PURE SUBSTANCES 

Lesson Objectives

At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to: 

 To identify the characteristics of a pure substance
 To recognize that pure substances are classified into elements and compounds
 To describe properties of metals, metalloids, and nonmetals
 To differentiate elements from compounds
 To differentiate pure substance from impure substance
 To appreciate the importance of pure substances in our daily life through an essay

*** ENGAGE

In the table below, list down 5 substances you can think of that are pure/simple and
another 5 substances that you think are impure. In the space below, write what are your bases
in classifying these substances as pure or impure.

PURE IMPURE

How did you classify the substances above as pure or impure?

*** EXPLORE

1. How can a substance be classified as pure or impure? 

Figure 1. PURE SUBSTANCES

 Pure substances are homogeneous in nature, meaning there is only one material
present in the totality of it.
 Figure 2. IMPURE SUBSTANCE
 Impure substances, on the other hand, are heterogeneous substances which
means that they are of a collection of different materials that are physically
bounded to form a new one.

Answer these prompt questions:

Q1. Where can Pure and Impure substances be found?

Q2. How are most pure substance created? How about impure substances?

 Q3. What are the indicators in identifying pure from impure substances?

Using the illustration above, determine whether the substance is a pure substance by putting a
check mark (✓) or an impure substance by putting an x mark (✘).

_____ Oil + Water ____ Water

_____ Gold ____ Coffee

_____ Hydrogen ____ Pineapple Juice

 _____ Air ____ Salt

_____ Halo - Halo ____ Sodium

*** EXPLAIN

I. Matter
 any physical substance that has mass and takes up space. Matter can mainly be made
up of solids, liquid, and gases.

   SOLID LIQUID           GAS

Figure 3. States of Matter

II.  Impure Substance

 Also called mixtures; physical combination of two or more substances to create a new
one that still maintains the qualities of the mixed substances.

III. Pure Substances

 these are substances that are only of one kind of particle and has a constant/fixed
molecular structure throughout the entirety of it.

Properties/Characteristics of Pure Substances

 Pure substances are mostly homogeneous - containing only one type of atom or
molecule in them (uniform composition throughout the substance)
 These substances have fixed boiling and melting point, color throughout.
 Pure substances with really high purity levels have valuable uses in industry
(e.g., high-purity metal elements serve as great conductors)

Examples of Pure substances

   1. Elements
 elements or chemical elements are any species of atoms that cannot be broken
down into simpler substances. They serve as fundamental materials of which all
matter are composed of.
 Figure 4. Periodic Table of Elements

Classification of Elements
a. Metals - appear to the left of the dark zig-zag line on the periodic table.  Most
metals are solid at room temperature.
Properties of metals:
- Luster = they are shiny
- Ductile = metals can be drawn into wire
- Malleable = metals can be hammered into sheets
- High melting point
- High Density
- Good conductors of heat and electricity

b. Nonmetals - appear to the right of the dark zig-zag on the periodic table.
Although Hydrogen is in family 1, it is also a nonmetal. Many nonmetals are
gases at room temperature.
Properties of non-metals:
- Dull = not shiny
- Brittle = easily break
- Low melting point
- Low Density
- Poor conductors of heat and electricity

c. Metalloids - can be found clustered around the dark zig-zag line that separates
metals and nonmetals. Metalloids exhibits both properties of metals and non-
metals

2. Compounds
 compound is a substance consisting of two or more different molecules of
elements which are chemically-bonded in a fixed ratio that is hard to break.
 Common Name Chemical Formula Elements involved
Table Salt NaCl Na & Cl
Water HO2 H&O
Bleach NaClO Na, Cl & O
Exhaled Breath CO 2 C&O
Tooth Paste NaFl Na & Fl

3. Some Examples of Pure Substances

a) Table Salt - is a pure substance that is made up of one sodium and one chlorine atom.
b) Diamonds/Graphite - consists solely of pure carbon
c) Water - is considered a pure substance BUT when it contains solely two hydrogen atoms
and one oxygen atom. Most water in nature are contaminated with other minerals
making them impure.
d) Oxygen/Ozone - consists oxygen molecule only but with different number of atoms
attached to one another.
e) Table sugar/sugar - it is a pure substance because it only consists sucrose alone.

IV. Differences of Pure Substances and Mixtures.

Other Takeaways from Impure and Impure Substances

  Pure substances can often be found in nature, hence are naturally created. Elements
like gold, iron, steel, copper, and other metals are all examples of pure substances found in
nature that can be mined.
  However not every element that is naturally occurring can be considered as pure,
because their environment can alter their composition sometimes, just like water that is
considered to be a pure substance BUT when it's 'contaminated' with other minerals in nature it
becomes impure. Same with the case of homogeneity, although air is homogeneous in nature it
cannot be classified as pure substance because it is a mixture and not a substance. These are
just some of the indicators whether or not a material is considered as pure substances.

PURE SUBSTANCE MIXTURE 

 Pure substance consists of single type  Mixture consists of two or more pure
of substance substance
 Pure substance has its own definite  Mixture can be separated ‘into its
property components by physical methods
 Pure substance cannot be separated  Mixture shows the properties of its
into other substances by physical components
methods  Mixture are Homogeneous or
 Pure substance are elements or Heterogeneous
compounds  Mixture are physically combined 
 Pure substance are chemically
combined
 Figure 5. Matter Flowchart

*** ELABORATE

INSTRUCTION. The written list is an example of a pure substance, write C if the substance is
Compound and write E if the substance is an element. And if it is compound, write the elements
that construct the substance.

Compound (C) or If compound, what elements are

Substance
Element (E) found in the substance?

1. Table Salt

2. Silver

3. Water

4. Oxygen

5. Nitrogen

6. Carbon

7. Table Sugar

8. Bleach

9. Baking Soda
 10. Copper teapot

Instruction: The substances listed below are the ones that were used as an example in the
explanation. Without looking at the module, draw a line to connect the two or more elements
needed in order to construct the compound substance that is being asked.

1. Table Salt  Chloride (Cl)

Sodium (Na) +

2. Water  Fluoride (Fl)

Hydrogen (H) +

3. Bleach
 Carbon (C)
Sodium (Na) +

4. Exhaled breath
 Chloride (Cl), Oxygen (O)
Oxygen (O) +

5. Tooth Paste
Sodium (Na) +  Oxygen (O

*** EVALUATION

ALTERNATE RESPONSE: EENY MEENY MINY MOE ! ! !

Instruction: Write FACT if the statement is true. If the statement is incorrect write BLUFF and
underline the word that made the statement wrong. Write your answer on the space provided.

_______1. Matter can be made up of solid, liquid, plasma, and gas.

_______2. High-purity metal elements serve as great conductors.
_______3. Mixture has fixed boiling and melting point, color throughout.
_______4.The periodic table is a tabular arrangement of the chemical elements by     
decreasing atomic number.
_______5. Pure substance can be separated into its components by physical methods.
_______6. Elements are the fundamental building blocks of all matter.
_______7. Pure substance can be separated into other substances by physical methods.
_______8. Compounds can be chemically decomposed.
_______9. Blood is an example of pure substance.
_______10. Impure substances are made up of two or more pure substances mixed in any
proportion.
IDENTIFICATION: WHO AM I?

Instruction: Identify what is being asked on the following question. Choose your answer in the
box. Write your answer in the space provided.
 MOLECULE PURE SUBSTANCE DMITRI MENDELEEV
MATTER MIXTURE METALLOIDS
OXYGEN IMPURE SUBSTANCE ELEMENT
PURE NON-METALS DIAMOND/GRAPHITE
TWO METALS TABLE SALT
ONE COMPOUND ATO

1. All matter is made up of tiny particles called ______.

2. Which non-metal is essential for life? ________
3. __________ means … of uniform and invariable chemical composition.
4. __________ is anything that occupies space and has mass.
5. Russian chemist _______created the framework that became the modern periodic
table.
6. __________ is physically combined while _____ is chemically combined.
7. __________ consists solely of pure carbon.
8. __________ is a pure substance that is made up of one sodium and one chlorine
atom.
9. __________ are chemically-bonded in a fixed ratio that is hard to break.
10. Almost 75 percent of the elements on the periodic table are _____.
11. Milk is a mixture of water, sugar, fat, proteins, vitamins, calcium etc. Therefore, milk
is an _____ substance.
12. __________ have properties of both metal and non - metals.
13. Water is a pure substance BUT when it contains solely _____ hydrogen atoms and
_____ oxygen atom. 

Essay: Write It Up !

Instruction: Answer the following question in 2 -3 sentences. write your answer in the space
provided.

1.Why can compounds only be separated by chemical means?

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________

2. Pure substance is part of our everyday life. For instance, it's important to measure the
substance's properties accurately. Now, think of a situation in which you observed pure
substance.

___________________________________________________________________
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