Lab Handout #8: Frequency response analysis of a first order control systems

Instructor: Dr. Abdul Baseer

Name:Muhammad Ibrahim
CMS ID: 031-17-0031

Department of Electrical Engineering

ELE-321: Linear Control Systems for Fall 2020
Rubrics for Marks Breakdown
Report Structure and
Results & Discussion Formatting, Figures and Total (Out of 10)
Captioning
50 % 50 % 100 %
 Rubrics for Lab Reports BE-VI Fall 2019
S. Criteria Beginning Developing Competent Outstanding
No. (40%) (60%) (80%) (100%)

1. Results and The student has Partial/incomplete The major portion All-important trends
Discussion provided incorrect results, their of the results, and data comparisons
results, their interpretation, or interpretations, or have been interpreted
(50%) interpretation, or comments/discussi comments/discussi correctly and
comments/discussi on have been on has been discussed, a good
on. This indicates a provided by the provided. However, understanding of
lack of student. the section can results is conveyed
understanding. steady-state by along with good
putting more discussion.
information.
2. Report Figures, tables, Figures, graphs, Figures, tables, Figures, tables, and/or
Structure and/or graphs were and/or tables were and/or graphs were graphs were nicely
(50%) poorly (i.e., blurry, fine but contained good looking and presented with
no captions, no errors. The overall the overall report complete captions and
figure number) format was broken format was good the format was
constructed and and contained but still need some amazing.
contained errors. grammatical and improvements.
The overall format contextual errors.
was out of order,
contained many
grammatical and
contextual errors.
Lab Learning Outcomes
After completing this session, you should be able to (a) understand, and analyze the frequency
response of a control system using the Bode plot.
In addition to LabVIEW, you should have Control System Design and Simulation Toolkit and
Math Toolkit to complete this lab.

Introduction
The frequency response is a representation of the system's response to sinusoidal inputs at
varying frequencies. The output of a stable LTI system to a sinusoidal input is a sinusoid of the
same frequency but with a different magnitude and phase. The frequency of the input signal is
varied over a certain range and the resulting response is studied in a steady state. The open-loop
frequency response of a system can be used to predict the behavior of the closed-loop system. 
In the frequency domain analysis, multiple graphical methods can be used to determine the
frequency domain specifications like gain (K), cutoff frequency (ωc), and bandwidth (BW) of a
first-order control system. The Bode Plot, however, is a convenient way of representing the
frequency response characteristics of a system. The Bode plot consists of a pair of plots that
show how the amplitude and phase vary with the frequency of the signal that perturbs a process.
To cover a large range of frequencies, a logarithmic scale of representation is employed.
In LabVIEW, the Control Design function of Control and Simulation Module contains VIs in the
Frequency Response template to draw a Bode plot and measure the gain and phase margins of a
control system.
The CD Bode VI returns two graphs (i.e., magnitude and phase response) and takes the transfer
function as the input. The CD Bandwidth VI can be used to measure the bandwidth of a system.
The CD Gain and Phase Margin VI returns two graphs showing the phase and gain margin of a
system.
ω m (s) K
The QUBE-servo system in Lab-6 was described as = , where ω m is the desired
V m (s) J Rm s + K 2
angular speed of the motor. To analyze the effects of frequency on the system, we will replace
the step input in Lab-6 with a sinusoidal signal to QUBE-Servo at varying frequency ranges as
shown in Figure 2.
 Figure 1 Front panel and block diagram for frequency analysis of a first order system.

Figure 2 Block diagram to analyze the frequency response of QUBE-servo system.

Tasks

1. Run the given VI and observe the Bode plot, gain margin, and phase margin of a first-order
system.
2. Modify the VI to observe the effect of the numerator term (i.e., a zero).

3. Determine the gain and phase of the QUBE-Servo system when the input sine wave has an
amplitude of 1V and a frequency of 1 Hz.