Development and Pedagogy: Theory and Research

Pedagogy - aims of education.

Development through different phases

● Sensorimotor Coordination
● Symbolizing
● Language and Play
● Logical Thought
● Mid Adolescence
● Comprehensive Problem Solving

Teaching Theories: Educational Psychology

Traditional
Mental-Discipline Theories
➢ One disciplines the mind and produces a better intellect

Erasmus and Jesuits “The teacher’s first task was careful

preparation of the
material to be thought.”

Aristotle “The mind understood to be composed

of a number of
faculties, each of which is considered
to be relatively
independent of the others.”

Naturalistic Theories
➢ The teacher’s role is to provide conditions that promote development.

Pestalozzi “The modern revival of the potency of

experience is an
 acknowledgment of the developmental
element in
learning.”

Rousseau “Humans conform to nature so there

must not be any
constraints for growth.”

Apperception theories
➢ Building up associations between different ideas and experiences

Herbart “Sequence of steps presumed to be

required to carry out alesson.”
● Preparation
● Association
● Application
● Presentation
● Generalization

Conditioning and Behaviorist Theories

➢ Learners come to respond to stimuli other than the one originally calling for the
response.

Cognitive Theories
➢ Concerned with knowing and thinking
➢ Sequence of thought
➢ Arousal and Exploration
➢ Formulation, Explanation, and Selection
➢ Verification
Maturation and Readiness Theories
➢ Biological and Mental development in which a child passes through in reaching
maturity

Montessari “Best for acquiring knowledge.”

➔ Period of Sensitivity

Piaget “Development through different

intellectual phases, is
necessarily.”

Structural Theories
➢ Wholeness of Experience

Gestalts “New experience begins as an

unfamiliar.”

Piaget “There are three psychological

properties of a structure:
wholeness, the relationship between
parts, and the
principle of homeostasis.”