Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Anthropology Notes
Anthropology Notes
human beings as a
species and as members
of different cultures.
Anthropologists:
● Napoleon Chagnon- studied the Yanonomo→ gave vaccines, bribed individuals
● Bronislaw Malinowski-studied Trobriand Islanders (ethnology)
● Diamond Jenness-studied oral history and nomadic annuitant(ethnology)
● Margaret Mead- Studied Samoan adolescent→participant observation(ethnology)
● Derek Freeman- Studied Samoan adolescent →participant observation
● Ruth Benedict-Studied Japanese culture→films, newspapers, interviews, and
literature(ethnology)
● Richard Lee- studied Dube Ju’hoansai (ethnology)
● Noam Chomsky- father of modern stractural linguistics ( linguistics)
● Roger Brown and Margaret ford→ study how people address each other can tell the relationship
between them (linguistic)
● Donald Johanson- found an australopithecus aferinsis and named it lucy-
(paleoanthropology)
● Charles Darwin- suggested human first evolved in africa (human variation)
● Louis and Mary Leaky- found another proof thanks to Charles darwin theory
(paleoanthropology) son is richard
● Jane Goodall- studied primates (primatology)
● Sue Savage- studied banobo communication(primatology)
Terms:
● hypothesis- is an assumption based on known facts
● Participant observation-living with a member and participating in their culture(watching a
group)
● Culture- the total system of ideas, values, behaviors, and attitudes in society
● Informant- a reliable knowledgeable person who provides specific information to
anthropologists studying his/her community
● Kinship- relationship between people through marriage, common ancestry or adoption
● Ethnography- written account of a culture
● Hominin- human/human ancestor → slanted thigh bone
● Fossil-preserved remains
● Australopithecus aferinsis- hominin that walked 3.2 years ago
● Bipedalism- the ability to habitually walk in two legs- 3.6 years ago
● neanderthals - less intelligent beings lost to homo sapiens
Research tools of the anthropologist:
➔ Informants
➔ Interviews- structured interview(lists of questions that do not change), semi-structured
interview(anthropologists prepare questions in advance), unstructured
interview(between interviewer and informant)
➔ Counting people, mapping, and photographs
Origins of bipedalism:
● Hauling food
● A new world
● Attracting mates(Lovejoy)
● Grabbing a bite
● Keeping cool
● Aquatic apes
● Weapons and tools
Articles:
Hadza- tanzania, micheael finkle
Garbageology- gal g. Harrison,william rathje, wilson hughes
What are friends for- barbara smuts,
Up to the startling line-
Earliest human migrations-
Diane Fossey-
How to know that a fossil is a hominin:
s-shape spine
arc on feet
slanted thighbone