Mathematics

Entry 3

Learning Resource 16
2D/3D Shapes and Perimeter

MSS2/E3.1 MSS2/E3.2
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2D/3D SHAPES AND PERIMETER
ENTRY 3 16

Contents

2D & 3D Shapes MSS2/E3.1 Pages 2 - 4

Right Angles MSS2/E3.1 Pages 5 - 6

Polygons MSS2/E3.1 Page 7

Lines of Symmetry MSS2/E3.1 Pages 8 - 11

Perimeter MSS2/E3.2 Pages 12 - 13

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2D/3D SHAPES AND PERIMETER
ENTRY 3
MSS2/E3.1
16
Information 2D & 3D Shapes

A 2D shape is a flat shape such as a square, rectangle or triangle. 2D shapes have a

length and a width (2 dimensions).

A 3D shape is not flat. It has a length, width and height (3 dimensions) such as a cube,
sphere or pyramid.

Examples

2D

A square like a
kitchen tile

A circle like a CD

A triangle like a road

sign

A rectangle like a
postcard or a piece
of paper

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3D

A cube like
dice

A cylinder
like a can

A cuboid
like a box

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Exercise 1 2D & 3D Shapes

Are these 2D or 3D shapes? Write your answer underneath the objects.

……………. …………….

……………. ……………..

……………. …………….

……………. …………….

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Information Right Angles

A right angle is an angle that measures 90°. Many shapes and objects have right angles.

90o 90o 90o

Square Rectangle Right-angled

triangle

In each of the shapes shown above, the angle marked is 90° and is called a right angle.

Examples

90° 90° 90° 90° 90°

90° 90° 90°

90° 90°

90°

All the angles shown above are 90°.

Can you see the two angles that are NOT 90°? They are here.

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Exercise 2 Identify Right Angles

Circle the right angles:

1) 2)

3) 4)

5) 6)

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Information Polygons

Polygons are 2D shapes with three or more sides.

Examples

Squares, rectangle and triangles are all examples of polygons

Exercise 3

b c
a

d
e

Put the letters in the correct boxes.

Has right-angled Has no right-angled

corners corners

Triangle

Polygon

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Information Lines of Symmetry

A shape which can be split into 2 equal parts is said to have a line of symmetry.

If a shape can be folded so that one half exactly fits on top of the other half, then it has a
line of symmetry at the fold. In order to be able to do this, at least two opposite sides must
be equal in length.

If a shape has a line of symmetry, it is symmetrical.

Examples

Look at these shapes:

You can draw a line to split each shape into two equal parts.

This is called the line of symmetry.

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Examples Lines of Symmetry

Some shapes have more than one line of symmetry.

A square has four lines of symmetry:

Cut a square from a large piece of paper and find the lines of symmetry.

A square has four equal side lengths. Any shape which has all equal side lengths will have
more than one line of symmetry.

(Ask your tutor for the Resources sheet.)

A rectangle also has 4 lines of symmetry.

A circle has many lines of symmetry.

How many lines of symmetry do you think there are in a circle?

Lots!!

A circle has thousands of lines of symmetry. More than we can imagine. We say that this
is an infinite number.

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Exercise 4 Lines of Symmetry

c
e
b

d
g

h
i

Put the letters in the correct boxes.

All sides are the All sides are not the

same length same length

Symmetrical

Not
symmetrical

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Exercise 5 Symmetry and Right Angles

Put S against all the symmetrical shapes.

Put R against all shapes that have a right angle.

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Information Perimeter

The perimeter is the measurement of length around the edge of a shape – think about a
fence (perimeter fence).

To work out the perimeter, you need to know the length of each side of the shape and then
add them all together.

Examples
6 cm

rectangle - the 2 lengths are 6 cm

2 cm - the 2 widths are 2 cm

perimeter = 6 + 6 + 2 + 2 = 16 cm

4 cm square - all the sides must be 4 cm

perimeter = 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 16 cm
5 cm
3 cm triangle - add the sides together

perimeter = 3 + 4 + 5 = 12 cm
4 cm

10 m

Garden 5m

You want to build a fence all around the edge of this garden. How many metres of fencing
would you need?

Perimeter = 10 + 10 + 5 + 5 = 30 m
30 metres of fencing.

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Exercise 6 Perimeter

For the following exercise you will need a circular cake tin and a box file.

1) Measure the perimeter of each shape and write the answer inside the shapes:

a)

b)

___________

d)

c) __________

__________

2) Measure the perimeter of the cake tin. __________

3) What is the perimeter measurement of the box file? __________

4) What is the perimeter measurement of your desk? __________

5) Measure the perimeter of the room. __________

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