Landscape Lecture (4) - Planting

LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE
Lecture (4)
Elements of Landscape (Planting)
Lecturer
DR. Noha Elgamal
Spring 2022
Date:
Architecture Department, Faculty of Engineering, Misr University for Science and Technology
Wednesday, 09:00-02:00 am
MUST University,
Faculty of Engineering,
Architectural Engineering Department
Lecture (8): Elements of Landscape
Elements of Landscape
- Planting
- Soft scape
- Hard scape
MUST University,
- Planting
Types of Plants
Structure Form
Plants as Structure Elements
Use of Plants for Urban Aspects
Use of Plants as Social Elements
Factors that has influence on
Choosing Plants for Landscaping
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- Planting
Types of Plants
There are many varieties of plants such as:
•Deciduous Trees
•Fast growing dense evergreen foliage
•Palm trees
•Vines
•Ground Cover
•Flowering plants
•Shrubs
•Shade
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Tree Parts
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Types of Plants
Deciduous Trees
Deciduous trees are trees that drop their
leaves for part of the year. They are
found in temperate and tropical climates
all over the world. Deciduous trees have
broad flat leaves that catch a lot of light
and require a great amount of water
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Types of Plants
Fast growing dense evergreen foliage
Fast growing dense evergreen foliage
Is a Great tree for privacy, screening from
golf balls, and sound barrier, Handle
spurning to almost any shape and size,
Handles summer heat very well in desert
environments
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Types of Plants
Palm trees
Palms are among the best known and most extensively cultivated plant
families. They have been important to humans throughout much of
history. Many common products and foods are derived from palms, and
palms are also widely used in landscaping, making them one of the
most economically important plants.
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Types of Plants
Vines ‫ وألعطاء الخضرة‬، ‫ وتستخدم في التشجير المتسلقات لتغطية الحوائط الرأسية للمباني‬:‫المتسلقات‬
‫واللون والرائحة الذكية‬
Vines is a group of plants or vines which need support of some kind in
your garden. They are great spaces emphasize and can be used to
provide masses of foliage so are useful to cover walls, trees or a fence.
It can also provide great privacy but they do need a bit of attention
and care.
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Types of Plants
Ground Cover
Ground cover plants are useful in the garden for covering
bare patches of soil beneath trees or shrubs or for covering
steep banks where access is difficult. Ground cover plants
brighten up other wise dull are a sand will suppress weeds,
making them ideal for a low-maintenance garden.
‫ وتستخدم إلعطاء االحساس باالمتداد االفقي وتعطي‬:‫النباتات التي تكسو األرض‬
‫اللون االخضر بدرجاته‬
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Types of Plants
Flowering plants
The flowering plants (angiosperms), also known as An
giospermae or Magnoliophyta, are the most diverse
group of land plants. Means a plant that produces
seeds within an enclosure, in other words, a fruiting
plant.
‫ وتستخدم جميعا كعناصر حضارية مثل الزينة أو‬:‫النباتات المزدهرة‬
‫عطريةإلعطاء الرائحة الذكية‬
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Types of Plants
Shrubs
Shrubs area small to medium-sized plant. It is distinguished from a tree by its multiple
stems and shorter height, usually under 6m tall. It used in gardens for decorative
purposes, Shrubs are more ornamental and provide variety of interest, shrubs are
best planted in combination, to create a pleasing decorative effect.
‫ وتستخدم هذه النباتات في التنسيق الداخلي والحدائق‬:‫الشجيرات‬
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Types of Plants
Shade
Shade plants are Large trees with dense leaf
growth, such as maple, ash ,oak and elm, provide
welcome relief from the hot summer sun when
positioned between the roof of the home and the
angle of the sun at mid day and afternoon.
‫ وتستخدم هذه النباتات في التنسيق الداخلي للفراغات‬:‫نباتات الظالل‬
‫ كما تستخدم في الممرات المغطاة‬،‫المغطاة‬
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Structure Form ‫الهيكل والشكل العام لألشجار‬
First Section: Erect Trees ‫ األشجار القائمة‬:‫القسم األول‬
-Columnar Trees ‫ االشجار العمودية‬-
-Narrow Trees ‫ االشجار المخروطية‬-

‫ اشجار النخيل‬-
-Erect Trees (PALMS)
Second Section: Spreading Trees ‫ االشجار المتفرعة‬:‫القسم الثاني‬

-Wide Spreads Trees ‫ االشجار المنتشرة انتشارا سريعا‬-
-Open Headed Trees ‫ االشجار المفتوحة الرأس‬-
-Round Headed Trees ‫ االشجار المستديرة الرأس‬-

‫ االشجار الهرمية‬-
-Pyramidal Trees
‫ االشجار الثمينة‬-
-Umbrageous trees
‫ االشجار المتهد‬-
-Weeping Trees
MUST University,
Structure Form: First Section: Erect Trees
Columnar Trees ‫األشجار القائمة التي تنمو رأسيا سريعا‬
Columnar trees have narrow, single trunks. Their

natural shape makes them useful in areas with little
available space for planting, as well as in are as
near a house or balcony where spreading trees are
impractical. Planted in rows, these erect, uniform
trees canal so bring a classic, tidy look to street
sides, garden paths and long drive ways.
‫ وهي االشجار التي يتساوى نمو االفرع‬،‫االشجار العمودية‬

‫السفلية الجانبية فيها من نموها العامودل و تاخذ الشجرة شكل‬
‫ وتستعمل هذه االشجار في تنسيق المواقع‬،‫العمود المستدير‬
‫والحدائق و كمصدات للرياح‬
‫‪MUST University,‬‬
‫‪Faculty of Engineering,‬‬
‫‪LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE‬‬
‫‪Architectural Engineering Department‬‬
‫‪Lecture (8): Elements of Landscape‬‬
‫‪Structure Form: First Section: Erect Trees‬‬ ‫األشجار القائمة التي تنمو رأسيا سريعا‬
‫‪Narrow Trees‬‬ ‫)‪Erect Trees (Palms‬‬
‫االشجارالمخروطية‪ ،‬وتمتاز هذه االشجار بشكل‬ ‫االشجار المتفرعة القائمة‪ ،‬وتتفرع هذه االشجار من‬
‫المخروط‪ ،‬ويستعمل هذا النوع من االشجار على‬ ‫أعلى نقطة القمة مثل النخيل‬
‫جوانب الطرق باالماكن المراد تنسيقها‪ ،‬وكعناصر‬
‫بصرية وعناصر مميزة لالتجاهات‬
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‫االشجار المتفرعة هي االشجار التي ي ون نمو الفروع الجانبية االفقية فيها أكثر انتشارا ً من نموها الرأسي‬
Wide Spreads Trees Open Headed Trees Round Headed Trees
ً ‫االشجار المنتشرة انتشارا ً سريعا‬ ‫االشجار المفتوحة الرأس‬ ‫االشجار المستديرة الرأس‬
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Pyramidal Trees Umbrageous trees Weeping Trees
‫ ومنها‬،‫االشجار الهرمية‬ ‫االشجار الثمينة ذات‬ ‫ تستخدم‬،‫االشجار المتهدلة‬

‫المدببة القمة والعريضة‬ ‫األوراق الكثيفة الشكل‬ ‫كلشجار للزينة‬
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Plants as Spatial Elements ‫استعمال النباتات كعناصر فراغية‬
• Roof ‫• سقف‬
• Focal ‫• عنصر مرئي‬
• Wall ‫• حائط‬
• Buffer ‫• حاجز اعلي من مستوي النظر‬
• Barrier ‫• حاجز‬
• Ground Cover as Floor ‫• ارضيه وكسوه لالرض‬

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Focal Wall Roof
Buffer Barrier Ground Cover

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Use of Plants for Urban Aspects ‫استخدام النباتات في األغراض الحضارية‬
‫• عناصر للزينة‬
• Ornamental Trees
• Fragrant Trees ‫• كمعطر للجو‬
• Street Trees ‫• للشوارع‬
• Shade Trees ‫• عناصر مظللة‬

• Filler Trees ‫• عناصر مالئة للفراغات علي مختلف مقايسها‬
• Wind Wear Trees
‫• مصدات للرياح‬
• Trees for Industrial
‫• للمناطق الصناعية )مقاومة للحرارة واألتربة‬
(‫واألدخنة والجفاف‬
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Ornamental Trees ‫عناصر للزينة‬

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Fragrant Trees ‫كمعطر للجو‬ Street Trees ‫للشوارع‬

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Street Trees ‫للشوارع‬
Street Trees Street Yard

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Street Trees ‫للشوارع‬
Buffer Yards Parking Screens and Islands

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Shade Trees ‫عناصر مظللة‬ Filler Trees ‫عناصر مالئة للفراغات‬

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Wind Wear Trees ‫كمصدات للرياح‬ Trees for Industrial ‫للمناطق الصناعية‬
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Use of Plants for Social Aspects ‫استخدام النباتات في األغراض األجتماعية‬
‫• الترحيب‬
• Welcoming
• Richness / Poorness ‫ الردائ‬/ ‫• اإلثراء‬
• Surprising ‫• الدهشة‬
• Suspense ‫• التشويق‬
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Use of Plants as Social Elements ‫استخدام النباتات في األغراض األجتماعية‬
Welcoming ‫الترحيب‬ Richness / Poorness ‫ الردائة‬/ ‫اإلثراء‬

MUST University,
Use of Plants as Social Elements ‫استخدام النباتات في األغراض األجتماعية‬
Surprising ‫الدهشة‬ Suspense ‫التشويق‬

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Factors that has influence on Choosing ‫العوامل التي تؤثر على انتقاء عناصر‬
Plants for Landscaping ‫التشجير في تنسيق المواقع‬
‫ شكل األشجار‬-
-Form
‫ المقياس ونسبتها لالنسان‬-
-Scale
‫الكثافة‬-
-Density
-Size ‫ الحجم‬-
-Height ‫االرتفاع‬-
-Width ‫ العرض‬-
-Color & Smell ‫ اللون والرائحة‬-
-Texture ‫ الملمس‬-
-Maintenance & Resistant ‫ قلة الصيانة ومقاومتها للحشرات‬-
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Form ‫شكل األشجار‬

Form refers to the
silhouette or outline of the
plant, and it can be
expressed through built
objects or trees and shrubs
of various shapes and
sizes which create natural
patterns
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Scale ‫المقياس ونسبته لالنسان‬

Scale–Your outdoor design should balance the Normal Scale
size of the buildings and established plants it
surrounds, while maintaining a comfortable
human environment for the individuals who will
use the area.
High Scale
Large Scale
Small Scale
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Density ‫الكثافة‬
Density-refers to the
amount of plants in the
space
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Size ‫الحجم‬
Size- refers to the overall height and width
of the plant and its relative size or scale
when compared to other plants, structures
and spaces in the yard.
Plants are most often sized by height.

Large plants are trees that grow up to 4-
6ft or higher at mature size.
Medium plants, typically shrubs, range from

2-4ft in height.
Small plants, typically groundcover and

bedding plants, are 2ft tall or shorter
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Height ‫االرتفاع‬ Width ‫العرض‬

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Color & Smell ‫اللون والرائحة‬

Color & Smell has a
strong effect and
should be used in
landscaping.
Color should be used to
focus attention on an
area of the landscape
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Texture ‫الملمس‬
Texture refers to how coarse or fine the over all
surface and individual leaves of the plant feel or
look (perceived visual texture).
Like form, a variety of textures provide interest
and contrast in the landscape.
Texture can be found in the foliage, flowers, Fine
blades and bark of the plant, as well as in the
plant’s over all branching pattern. The size and
shape of the leaves most often determine the
perceived texture of the plant.
•A plant can generally be describes as having a
course, medium or fine texture.
•Coarse texture is more dominant than fine and
tends to stand out individually, while fine texture is
more subordinate and tends to unify compositions. Medium Coarse
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Maintenance & Resistant ‫قلة الصيانة ومقاومتها للحشرات‬

‫التغطية‬ ‫مكافحة اآلفات‬
Landscape maintenance includes watering, fertilizing, mulching, pest control,
mowing, edging, winterization and pruning of landscape plants
‫القص‬ ‫تقليم‬
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Lecture (5): Landscape Planting
OUR PROJECT
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Examples for Different Concepts ……City Image
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Examples for Different Concepts ……Landmark
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Examples for Different Concepts ……Landmark
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Examples for Different Concepts ……Community Participation
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Examples for Different Concepts ……Community Participation
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LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

First Section: Erect Trees ‫ األشجار القائمة‬:‫القسم األول‬

-Columnar Trees ‫ االشجار العمودية‬-

-Narrow Trees ‫ االشجار المخروطية‬-

Second Section: Spreading Trees ‫ االشجار المتفرعة‬:‫القسم الثاني‬

-Open Headed Trees ‫ االشجار المفتوحة الرأس‬-

-Round Headed Trees ‫ االشجار المستديرة الرأس‬-

Columnar trees have narrow, single trunks. Their

‫ وهي االشجار التي يتساوى نمو االفرع‬،‫االشجار العمودية‬

‫‪Narrow Trees‬‬ ‫)‪Erect Trees (Palms‬‬

Wide Spreads Trees Open Headed Trees Round Headed Trees

Pyramidal Trees Umbrageous trees Weeping Trees

‫ ومنها‬،‫االشجار الهرمية‬ ‫االشجار الثمينة ذات‬ ‫ تستخدم‬،‫االشجار المتهدلة‬

• Focal ‫• عنصر مرئي‬

• Buffer ‫• حاجز اعلي من مستوي النظر‬

• Ground Cover as Floor ‫• ارضيه وكسوه لالرض‬

Focal Wall Roof

Buffer Barrier Ground Cover

• Street Trees ‫• للشوارع‬

• Shade Trees ‫• عناصر مظللة‬

Ornamental Trees ‫عناصر للزينة‬

Fragrant Trees ‫كمعطر للجو‬ Street Trees ‫للشوارع‬

Street Trees ‫للشوارع‬

Street Trees Street Yard

Street Trees ‫للشوارع‬

Buffer Yards Parking Screens and Islands

Shade Trees ‫عناصر مظللة‬ Filler Trees ‫عناصر مالئة للفراغات‬

Welcoming ‫الترحيب‬ Richness / Poorness ‫ الردائة‬/ ‫اإلثراء‬

Surprising ‫الدهشة‬ Suspense ‫التشويق‬

Form ‫شكل األشجار‬

Scale ‫المقياس ونسبته لالنسان‬

Plants are most often sized by height.

Medium plants, typically shrubs, range from

Small plants, typically groundcover and

Height ‫االرتفاع‬ Width ‫العرض‬

Color & Smell ‫اللون والرائحة‬

Maintenance & Resistant ‫قلة الصيانة ومقاومتها للحشرات‬

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