EXPORT

Transport of cargos from own country to another country across the world is
called as export. Air transport plays a vital roll in transporting the cargos in
fastest and safest way. Airfreight is the most valuable form of transport. It
reaches the customer than the other way of transportation.

There are two types of cargo handled in export

1. General cargo
2. Valuable cargo

General cargo:

 This type of cargo is not harmful to anyone they comes under general
commodity and this type cargo is normally handled and does not cost
much. General cargos are electronic, automobile parts, clothes, leather,
etc.

Valuable cargo:

 This type of cargo is harmful and comes under valuable commodity and
this types of cargo needs special care and it cost more than general cargo.
Valuable cargos are Gold, Jewels, Dangerous goods, etc.

STEPS INVOLED IN EXPORTING

Gate entry & gate

pass check

Unloading of cargo
 Weighment

Amendment
Examination

Truck dock

LEO

Bond close

Loading

Release
permit

EGM

Scanning

Unitization
Export is dived into four working area, they are

1. Truck dock area.

2. Examine area.
3. Bonded area.
4. Air side area.

TRUCK ENTRY:

 Initially the truck entered in gate with cargo. The documents need for
entering are TSPC Challan (Terminal storage and processing charges),
Gate Pass, Arrival slot Token and Airway Bill. In the TSPC challan the
entry time and packages are noted and sealed by the security

TRUCK DOCK AREA:

 The goods are unloaded in the dock area with the help of dock
workers. Dock workers use hydraulic trolley and manual trolley.

WEIGHMENT:

 In this area all the packages are checked according to information

provided in TSPC challan and Airway bill. Also the handling stickers,
airway bill sticker and caution stickers are checked. Total number of
packages in the airway bill and goods arrived are cross checked. Finally
weighment process starts.

 Weighment process involves if there any change in weight or

dimension the following formula is used to calculate the chargable
weight.
AMENDMENT:

Extra charges that should be paid in order to the change the chargeable weight

L x B x H x No. of pieces In Cm

6000

L x B x H x No. of pieces In Inch

366

If there any changes in the weighment process the CHA should pay the
amendment in counter section.
EXAMINE:

 In this process the goods are transferred from truck dock area to
examination area. Customs officer will examine the goods and issue
the LEO ( Let Export Order) which means the cargo is ready to export.

SCANNING:

 After bond closed from the examination area the goods are transferred to
bonded area through scanning machine. This is screening process to
check the exporter transports the right goods. This process is done by
AAI Officials.
UNITZATION:

Three types:

1. Palletization
2. Containerization
3. Bulk.

The cargos are divided in the above types and packed

Pallets Container

ETV : ELEVATED TRANSPORT VEHICLE

ETV is vertical storage device which stores all the pallet till it getting shipment.
LOADING SHEET:

 The scanned cargos are packet in the pallets or containers by the help
of custodian. These works are done under the supervision of the airline
representative and loading supervisor and loading sheet is prepared.
And after packing lashing and belting process takes place.

RELEASE REQUEST LETTER

 This is a request letter given by the airlines to take the goods which are
loaded in the aircraft to custodian.

RELEASE PERMIT ORDER:

 This order is issued by custodian to airline that means they give

permission to take the goods from airport.

EXPORT GENERAL MANIFEST:

 All the shipping items and their details will be listed in the export
general manifest.

AIRCRAFT MANIFEST:

 It’s the only document the captain will carry with him. It is used in the case
of emergency and to know what are goods he carrying with him.
 IMPORT

Cargos which are received from other part of the world to own country is called
as import. Importing of goods from other country is generally cost high. They
are also divided into two cargos

1. Valuable Goods
2. General Goods
3. Special Goods

VALUABLE GOODS:

The goods which are high valued and which should be transported with extra
care is called valuable goods. They are doubly charged

Eg: Gold, Diamond, rifle etc.…

GENERAL GOODS:

The goods which has normal value and can be handled normally is called
general goods. For transporting these types of goods the cost is normal.

Eg spare parts, half finished goods

SPECIAL GOODS:

The goods which should be transported within a short time and they have
separate place to store is called as special goods.

Eg: perishable goods like carb, food items, flowers.

IMPORT PROCESS

Unloading

Receiving

Segregation

Shed Cold DG Shed

ASRS storage

Customs
examination

OOC

Billing b/c

Gate pass

Import :

Import procedure means all the steps involved in purchase of goods from any
foreign country. The procedural steps involved in import trade differ from
country to country in respect of their import policy, statutory requirements. In
majority of the countries import trade is being controlled by the government.
UNLOADING:

Flight reaches the runway. All the pallets are unloaded using a unit loading
device. With the help of GHA Ground Handling Agents.

RECEIVING:

Initially high priority goods and perishable goods are received and stored
according to their storage location. All the remaining goods are unpacked and
kept for declaration.

Custodian who receive the goods have a EDI (Electronuic data interchange)
copy of the import general manifest. He check the goods and make a plan
to segregate based on the nature of goods.

The goods which received are checked for damages. Types of damage found
in goods are

1. OCD outer cover damage.

2. Broken
3. Normal damage
4. Wet damage
5. Crashed
 During receiving the goods which does not comes in manifest are divided in
two types

1. EXCESS LANDED
Goods which are arrived more than the number of package mentioned in
manifest are called as excess landed and they are stored in a separate
excess landed shed.
2. SHORT LANDED
Goods which are arrived less than the number of package mentioned in
the manifest are called as short landed and they are stored in separate
shed.

TYPES OF CARGO IMPORTED:

1. Valuable goods
2. Live animals
3. Live fishes
4. Perishable items
5. Medicine
6. Expensive goods
7. Dangerous goods
8. Electronic goods.

SEGREGATION:

Segregation of goods is according to the nature of goods and nature of Storing.

There are four types of storage system

1. Shed storage
2. Cold storage
3. ASRS
4. DG storage
SHED STORAGE:

 In import there are nine number of shed according to the value and size
of the cargo. It starts from NS-1 to NS-9

COLD STORAGE:

 The perishable items and other materials which should be store in

required temperature are stored in cold storage. There are five cold
storage shed in import.
 IMPORT WAREHOUSE BININING LOCATIONS

SHED NAME SHED TYPE LOCATIONS

CS-01 A COLD STORAGE -15°C to -30°C CS001-CS040

CS-01 B COLD STORAGE -5°C to 15°C CS041 CS070
CS-01 ANTE ROOM COLD STORAGE CS071-CS075
CS-02 COLD STORAGE 2°C to 8°C CS076-CS134
CS-03 A COLD STORAGE -5°C to 5°C CS135-CS164
CS-03 B COLD STORAGE 0°C to 10°C CS165-CS186
CS-03 ANTE ROOM COLD STORAGE CS187-CS191
CS-04 COLD STORAGE 2°C to 8°C CS192CS205
CS-05 ANTE ROOM DANGEROUS CARGO CS206- CS212
CS-05 SP CARGO CS213 CS253
DG HC CARGO DG001-DG075
SP SHED SENSITIVE CARGO SPO01 SP140
HC SHED SENSITIVE CARGO HC001-HC104
NS1 GENERAL CARGO NS001-NS515
NS1 A GENERAL CARGO NS516-NS565
NS2 GENERAL CARGO NS566-NS589
NS3 GENERAL CARGO NS590- NS717
NS4 GENERAL CARGO NS718- NS789
NS5 GENERAL CARGO NS790 NS799
NS6 GENERAL CARGO NS800- NS811
NS7 GENERAL CARGO NS812 NS823
NS8 GENERAL CARGO NS824 - NS835
NS9 GENERAL CARGO NS836- NS841
Rack Small Packages Storage Shed R2001 R2204
Rack Single Packages Storage Shed R2205-R2348
Rack Bonded Truck BT 001 – BT 135
ASRS:

Automated storage retrieval system.

ASRS is a vertical storing system. Bulk cargo which has same house are stored
in a bin this process is called binning. The bin are then transferred to ASRS.
The checker scans the BIN number and scan the AWB number and put the bin
in ASRS. The ASRS system find a empty location to place the bin and it stores
and gives the information where it is stored.

At the time of delivery or at the time of examination the ASRS will

automatically send the required bin with the help of operator.
DANGEROUS GOODS:

 Goods which are harmful and toxic to other goods are called as dangerous
goods. They are handled with high care and kept under surveillance.

 Dangerous goods are items or substances that when

transported by aircraft are risk to health, safety, property or
the environment

IATA has prescribed 9 classes of Dangerous Goods:

Class 1 – Explosives – bombs, bomb-making substances, IEDs, dynamite

Class 2 – Gas – in compressed cylinder which may explode

Class 3 – Flammable liquids – petrol crude kerosene, petrol

Class 4 – Flammable Solids – phosphorus, Sulphur

Class 5 – Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides – substances that cause rusting

of other materials

Class 6 – Toxic and Infectious Substances – poison, poisonous substances

Class 7 – Radioactive material – emit atomic rays

Class 8 – Corrosives – that eat up organic substances – acids,

alkalis

Class 9 – Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods – magnetic materials

Above materials cannot be booked as cargo unless in compliance
with
DGR Regulations – totally prohibited for passenger baggage. The
above mentioned goods are handled carefully and stored in the DG shed.
EXAMINIATION AREA:

All the goods are examined by the custom officer and approved for delivery.
Customs give OOC (out of charge) to the goods which are not harmful and its
duty charges that has to be paid.

BANK CHALLAN

After OOC produced the billing operation takes place. All the required duties
such as storage, movement of goods, examination, repacking and demurrage
should be paid by the importer with the help of CHA through online.

GATE PASS:

Gate pass is given in counter after the full payment for the consignment. And
issued in the import counter. Finally the requested consignment is delivered
to the CHA.

TRANSHIPMENT:

It’s a process were the consignment which are send or received to nearby port
through roadways. The transhipment goods are checked under customs
knowledge and sealed. The sealed truck is further opened by customs in the
nearby port.

SINGLE PACKAGE AREA:

In this area the single consignment are stored in racks with the help of workers.

SMALL PACKAGE AREA:

In this area the small size consignment are stored in racks with the help
of workers.
RATIO ACTIVE CARGO:

The Radio Active elements which are harmful to other goods so they are
stored in separate shed. It is stored and handled with high care and kept under
high surveillance

IMPORT & EXPORT COURIER

Imports and exports through courier are becoming increasingly popular, At

present, the courier clearances are allowed both under manual mode as well as
electronic mode. The courier clearances under the manual mode are governed
by Courier Imports and Exports (Clearance) Regulations, 1998, and courier
clearance under electronic mode are governed by Courier Imports and Exports
(Electronic Declaration and Processing) Regulations, 2010. The courier goods
are cleared through a fast track basis on observance of simple formalities by
courier companies. Examination of parcels is kept to the minimum and
clearance is allowed on the basis of selective scrutiny of documents. The duty,
where leviable, is paid by the courier company on behalf of importers/exporters
before taking delivery of the parcels.

Procedure for clearance of import goods

(a) Documents that include any message, information or data recorded on

paper, cards or photographs having no commercial value, and which do not
attract any duty or subject to any prohibition /restriction on their import or
export

b) Samples- any Bonafide commercial samples and prototypes of goods

supplied free of charge of a value not exceeding Rs.50,000/- for exports and
Rs. 10,000/ for imports which are not subject to any prohibition or restriction on
their import or export and which does not involve transfer of foreign exchange.
C) Free gifts- any bonafide gifts of articles for personal use of a value not
exceeding rupees 25,000/- tor a consignment in case of exports and Rs.10,000/-
for imports which are not subject to any prohibition or restriction on their
import or export and which do not involve transfer of foreign exchange

(d) Low value dutiable or commercial goods - goods having a declared value

of up to Rs.1,00,000/-

(e) Dutiable or commercial goods- goods having a declared value otf more

than Rs.1,00,000/-

Cargo is allowed till 30 days more than that the unclaimed cargo are taken for
disposal by the disposal unit.

The disposal is done in two ways:

1. Sale through E- auction.

2. Destroy the cargo.

The criteria to determine whether the cargo could be sold or to be destroyed is

being decided by certified valuer. At present M/s superintendent company of
India pvt. ltd. Calcutta is engaged for doing the valuation.

BIS – Bureau of Indian standards.

FSSAI- Food safety and security of India

TC- Textile committee.

These three department does the valuation of imported product which kept for
disposal.

The following nature of items are proposed for destruction.

1) Expired food items
2) Hazardous items
3) Chemicals
4) obsolete
5) Items of no commercial value
6) Medical(expired)
7) Restricted for import.
8) Goods which does not have proper certification from enforcement agencies
Procedure for Sale of Unclaimed/Uncleared Cargo:
For sale of such unclaimed/uncleared goods, the custodian first identifies
the goods which are lying uncleared for more than 30 days. He then
prepares an inventory of such goods and sends it to the Customs for their
'no objection'.

The Customs scrutinizes the list of consignments forwarded by the

custodians and withdraws the items which are the subject matter of any
investigation/adjudication or court proceedings. The goods prohibited for
import, are also withdrawn from the auction as these are subject to
adjudication proceedings and goods may get absolutely confiscated.
Once goods are confiscated, the ownership is transferred to the
Government and the Customs becomes responsible for disposal of
such goods.
Once 'no objection' for disposal is received from the Customs, the
custodian gets the fair price of the goods determined by Customs.
The price approved by the Customs (inclusive of duty leviable) generally
forms the basis of 'reserve price' for the purpose of auction of the goods.
After fixation of reserve price, the custodians arrange public auctions
which are held in the presence of proper officer of Customs. In the event
of the goods not being disposed of at the 'reserve price' (or within the
permissible margin) in the first auction, the 'reserve price' is reduced
according to prescribed scale in the subsequent auctions. In case, efforts
to sell the goods through public auction fail, these are sold through
tender.
Once the goods are sold, the Customs duty on the goods is calculated.
For calculation of Customs duty, the sale proceeds from sale of
unclaimed/uncleared goods is taken as cum dutyprice (value + duty)
and customs duty is calculated working backwards on the price
realised.
The sale of goods is done through e-auction.
 ICMS

Integrated Cargo management system

This new system encompasses various activities and solutions, such as e-freight
compliance and a web-based feedback system and includes a mobile
application. This new system facilitates exchange of data with the system of the
Customs for final clearance of export and import cargo. Each stage of the
export and import cargo handling processes is instantly done through the
system.

 11G- currently using software

 19C- upcoming software which has cloud storage.

This software helps to document all the data that are needed for import and
export process.

AIRLINE CODE
 AI – Air India
 AK – Air Asia
 G9 - Air Arabia
 6E – Indigo
 EK – Emirates
 QR – Qatar
 CX – Cathay Pacific
 BA – British Airways
 LH - Lufthansa
 BZ – Blue Dart
 UL - SriLankan Airline
 EY - Ethihad Airways
 ET – Ethiopian Airlines
 AF – Air France
 9W – Jet Airways
 WY – Oman Air
 SQ – Singapore Airlines
 GF – Gulf Air
 HX – Hongkong Air
 CHAPTER 4

TRAINING EXPERIENCE
 The summer internship training enhances the golden opportunity to learn the
necessary aspects for the present business concept
 I learned how to export and import and what are the procedure for segregate
the cargo and store in warehouse.
 And various activities of courier department and disposal department
 My experience in AAICLAS guided me a lot of experience about import and
export knowledge.
 Summer internship make me to see the activities of export and import
physically.

CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION

 The summer internship plays an important role include knowledge of

training
 Summer internship training provides opportunity to the trainee to know
the actual application or the subject various field
 Thus it is here the difference between theoretical concept and practical
application.
 Hence I have learned about air cargo import, export, counter, ICMS,
disposal and finance as the result air cargo transportation is the one of the
most important, fastest and safest mode of transportation for cargos