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Matter
Quarter 1: Module 1-4

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
N a t i o n a l C a pi t a l Re g i o n
Sc h o o l s D i v i s i o n O f f i c e o f La s Pi ñ a s C i t y

DEVELOPMENT TEAM OF THE MODULE

WRITERS: ACE T. EVANGELISTA, Master Teacher II
FAITH MARIE B. CHAVEZ, Master Teacher I
ALFONSO C. PALACPAC, Master Teacher I
MARISSA R. AMPARADO, Teacher II
SUZETTE D. LASAM, Teacher II
JACQUILINE I. BAUTISTA, Teacher I
MYRA D. BLANCO, Teacher I
JULIE ANNE F. CABRELA, Teacher I
DAISY M. CAYETANO, Teacher I
MARIE ABEGAIL S. GUMILDE, Teacher I
ELYKA JANE Q. JARDINO, Teacher I
CHRISTINE B. LOMERIO, Teacher I
ROSE ANN B. MIGALANG, Teacher I

CONSOLIDATOR: AMALIA T. VICTORIA, Head Teacher II

LANGUAGE EDITOR: FAITH MARIE B. CHAVEZ, Master Teacher I

CELFA H. CREBILLO, Teacher I

CONTENT DUREZA D. DANCAL, Master Teacher I

VALIDATORS: MYLA JENNIE G. TAN, Master Teacher I
MARITES T. TUDIO, Teacher

COVER PAGE AIRA MARI CON M. AUSTERO

ILLUSTRATOR:

TEAM LEADER: DR. RAQUEL M. AUSTERO

Education Program Supervisor

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 Module 1 Scientific Investigation

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY

Describe the components of a scientific investigation (S7Mt-Ia-1.1)

OBJECTIVES:
1. identify the components of an investigation research problem, hypothesis,
methods for testing hypothesis and conclusions based on evidence.
2. differentiate qualitative from quantitative observation.
3. differentiate observation from inference.
4. organize and interpret data about the investigation.

What’s In
Scientific investigation is a quest to find the answer to a question using the
scientific method. In turn, the scientific method is a systematic process that involves
using measurable observations to formulate, test or modify a hypothesis. Finally, a
hypothesis is a proposed explanation for some observed phenomenon, based on
experience or research. Scientific investigation is what people like you and me use to
develop better models and explanations for the world around them.

Components of the Scientific Investigation

❖ Observation –is an active acquisition of information from a primary source. It can

also involve the perception and recording of data via the use of scientific
instruments.

❖ Question - is one that is written in a way that makes it possible to directly

investigate using a scientific experiment or series of observations.

❖ Hypothesis – i s an educated guess about how things work. It is an attempt to

answer your question with an explanation that can be tested.

❖ Experiment -is a procedure carried out under controlled conditions in order to

discover an unknown effect or law, to test or establish a hypothesis, or to
illustrate a known law.
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 ❖ Collection of Data – i s a process of gathering and measuring information
on variables.
❖ Conclusion - i s a statement based on experimental measurements
and observations.
Qualitative and Quantitative Observations
❖ Qualitative observation - deals with the 5 major sensory organs and their
functioning – sight, smell, touch, taste and hearing.
❖ Quantitative observation - is an objective collection of data which is primarily
focused on numbers and values.

Qualitative Observation Quantitative Observation

● Deals with descriptions ● Deals with numbers

● Can be observed but not measured ● Can be measured
● Uses 5 senses ● Length, height, width, weight,
area, volume, temperature,
● Color, texture, smell, taste,
humidity, speed, time etc.
appearance etc.

Examples
Qualitative Observation
● The flower is yellow in color.
● The apple is red.
● The plant is short.
Quantitative Observation
● The height of the tree is 3.5 meters.
● The apple weighed 2 ounces.
● Today’s temperature is 42 degree Celsius.

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Observation and Inferences

An observation uses your five senses, while an inference is a conclusion we

draw based on our observations.

Observation Inference

● A gecko has four short,
skinny legs.
● The footprints in the soil
have five toes each.
● The plant is extremely
wilted.
● The gecko moves very quickly because
of the observable evidence of the leg
shape.
● An animal made the footprints.
● The plant is extremely wilted due to lack
of water.

Organization and Interpretation of Data

❖ Graph - is a pictorial representation of information recorded in a data table

where the independent variable with units are located on the X or horizontal axis
and the dependent variable with units are located on the Y or vertical axis. A
graph is used to show relationships between two or more different factors.

❖ Bar Graph - it shows a quantitative comparison between ordered pairs, using a

series of columns to display data.

❖ Line Graph - it shows a continuous relationship (trend) between two variables.

Ordered pairs are plotted as points and then connected.

❖ Pie Graph - it shows how portions make up a whole such as percentages with
the entire circle representing 100%.

Bar Graph Line Graph Pie Graph

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 What’s More
Activity 1 – Identify Me!
Directions: Identify what scientific method is being asked in the following description.
Choose your answer from the word bank.
Conclusion Collection of Data Experiment

Hypothesis Observation Question

1. It is a procedure carried out under controlled conditions in order

to discover an unknown effect or law, to test or establish a
hypothesis, or to illustrate a known law.
2. It is an educated guess about how things work. It is an attempt to
answer your question with an explanation that can be tested.
3. It is an active acquisition of information from a primary source. It
can also involve the perception and recording of data via the use
of scientific instruments.
4. It is a statement based on experimental measurements and
observations.
5. It is the process of gathering and measuring information on
variables.

Activity 1.2 - Arrange Me!

Directions: Arrange the following steps of the scientific method in the correct order .
Write 1-6 on the space provided.
_ Research the problem.
_ Make a hypothesis.
_ Observe and record.
_ Arrive at a conclusion.
_ Identify the problem
_ Test the hypothesis

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Activity 2: Boxes and Circles: Quantitative or Qualitative observation
Directions: CIRCLE the statement if it is a QUALITATIVE observation and BOX if it is
a QUANTITATIVE observation.
1. The leaves are smooth.
2. The plant is 3 centimeter tall.
3. The vinegar tastes sour.
4. The speed of the car is 45 kilometer per hour.
5. The freezing point of water is 0 °C.
6. The mat feels rough.
7. The grass on the school lawn is wet.
8. She is 150 cm tall.
9. It is light purple in color.
10. The mass of the beaker is 120 grams.

Activity 3: Observation or Inference: Identify them Up!

Directions: Read the following statements and identify if it is an observation or an
inference. Place a check mark on the correct column.

Statement Observation Inference

1. The car stopped running.
2. The plant wilted due to lack of water.
3. The windows are open.
4. The apple turned brown.
5. The car stopped running because it was out of gas.
6. The liquid has a sweet odor.

7. Someone playing baseball shattered the car’s

windshield.
8. It is going to rain.
9. It feels cold inside the room.
10. There are red and blue flowers in the garden.

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Activity 4: Interpreting Data through Graphs

Directions: Study the data presented below. Answer the following questions by
encircling the letter of your answer.

1. Which subject has the most number of books on a the shelf?

A. Science B. Math C. English D. AP
2. How many Science books are on a the shelf?
A. 100 B. 250 C. 350 D. 350
3. Which subject has the least number of books?
A. Science B. Math C. English D. AP
4. This subject has 200 book copies on the shelf.
A. AP B. Science C. Math D. Filipino
5. How many Filipino books are on the shelf?
A. 400 B. 200 C. 350 D. 150

What I Have Learned

Activity 5: Arranged Me!

Directions: Arranged the jumbled letters to reveal the correct words that described and
correspond to the given statement.

A 1.enictsi ci fi ionvesintitg a is a plan for asking questions and testing possible

answers in order to advance scientific knowledge. The 2. fictiscien thodem is a
process for gathering data and processing information. It provides well-defined steps
to standardize how scientific knowledge is gathered through a logical, rational
problem- solving method.
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 What I Can Do
List down at least 10 observations, classify them as Qualitative or Quantitative
Observations.

Qualitative Observation Quantitative Observation

1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.

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 Module 2 Elements and Compounds

Most Essential Learning Competencies

Recognize that substances are classified into elements and compounds.(S7MT-Ig-h-
5)

What’s In
Facts Matter:
Based on the composition of matter, it can be classified as either a pure
substance or a mixture. A pure substance, commonly known as a substance is a
matter having definite composition and distinct properties. There are two types of pure
substances – element and compound.
An element is a substance that consist only of one kind of atoms, the smallest
particle of an element that retains its properties. Elements cannot be decomposed into
simpler substances. At present, there are 118 known elements. Most of these elements
are naturally occurring while some are synthesized or made in the laboratory. Elements
with their chemical symbols are listed in the periodic table. The elements in the
periodic table can be further classified into metals, non- metals or metalloids. The
periodic table of elements is shown below:

Chemical symbols are abbreviations of the names of the elements. Jons Jakob
Berzelius is a Swedish chemist who was the first to use letters for the chemical
symbols of the elements.
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 Each element in the periodic table has a name a shorthand symbol of one
capital letter or two letters- having only the first letter capitalized and the second letter
not capitalized. A few symbols are taken from the Latin or Greek names of the elements
while most are from English names. Some elements to which their name and symbols
come from are listed in table 1.
Table 1. Origin of Names of Elements

Origin Examples
Name Symbol Basis
Pre- Chemical names Carbon C Carbonis (Greek)
Copper Cu Cuprum (Latin)
Gold Au Aurum (Sanskrit)
Lead Pb Plumbum (uncertain)
Silver Ag Argentum (Latin)
Names of Celestial Bodies Cerium Ce Ceres (1st discovered asteroid)
Helium He Helios (sun)
Neptunium Np Neptune (planet)
Plutonium Pu Pluto (planet)
Tellurium Te Tellus (earth)
Names of mythological entities Arsenic As Arsenikus (brave male)
Cobalt Co Kobold (evil spirit)
Nickel Ni Nickel (devil)
Thorium Th Thor (the Norse god of war)
Tungsten W Wolfram (wolf)
Names of minerals/ores Aluminum Al Alumen (alum)
Boron B Borah (borax)
Calcium Ca Calx (chalk)
Flourine F Fluor (fluorspar)
Silicon Si Sitex (flint, hard stone)
Names of color Cesium Cs Caesus (bluish gray)
Chlorine Cl Khloros (yellow green)
Indium In Indicum (indigo)
Iridium Ir Iris (violet)
Rhodium Rh Rhodon (rose)
Geographical names/ Americium Am Seaborg, Gheorso & Thomson, et al.
workplaces of discoveries Berkelium Bk University of California, Berkeley,
Californium Cf U.S.A.

Germanium Ge Winkler, Germany

Polonium Po Marie Curie (Poland)

Compounds are pure substances that are made up of more than one type of
atom or elements which are chemically combined. These can be separated in two or
more simpler substances by ordinary chemical reaction. When compounds are formed,
a new set of properties can be observed. For example, magnesium is a dull

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gray metal that exhibits properties like being solid and malleable. Magnesium reacts
with oxygen which is a colorless gas. The compound formed from the reaction will be
magnesium oxide, which is grayish, powdery substance. The properties of the
compound formed from the reaction are different from the original properties of either
magnesium or oxygen. Compounds can also be classified as acid, base, or salt.
Unlike elements, compounds can be broken down into simpler compounds or into their
corresponding elemental components through chemical reactions. Electrolysis is one
of the most popular ways of separating the elements in a compound. The splitting of
compounds into the corresponding elements with the use of electricity is known as
electrolysis. Each compound maybe represented by a chemical formula, a symbol
that shows the relative proportions of the number of atoms of the elements that
composed the substance. For example, is water, it has chemical formula H2O which
implies that the ratio of the number of atoms of hydrogen to that of oxygen is 2:1. The
formula also means that the smallest particle of water that retains its properties is made
up of two (2) atoms of hydrogen and one(1) atom of oxygen. Table 2 shows the list of
chemical formulas of some compounds.

Table 2 Chemical Formulas of Compounds

CHEMICAL
COMPOUND COMMON NAME
FORMULA
Sodium chloride table salt NaCl
Sucrose table sugar C12H22011
Hydrochloric acid muriatic acid HCl
Methane marsh gas CH4
Silicon dioxide sand or quartz SiO2
Sodium bicarbobate baking soda NaHCO3
Hydrogen sulfate sufuric acid H2SO4
Calcium oxychloride bleaching powder CaOCl2
Sodium hydroxide lye/ caustic soda NaOH
Magnesium hydroxide milk of magnesia Mg(OH)2
Sodium hypochlorite laundry bleach NaOCl
Ethyl alcohol alcohol C2H5OH
Nitrous oxide laughing gas N2O
Hydrogen peroxide hydrogen peroxide H2O2
Silicone carbide carborundum SiC

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 What’s More

Activity 1: Match the Truth

Directions: Read the statements from column D. Write T in column A if the statement
is correct and F if it is wrong. If the statement is wrong, correct the faulty with the
words from column C.

Column A Column B Column C Column D

(T/F) (Modification) (Correct (Statements)
words)
1. _ 6. A. Conductors A compound is composed of two or
more elements.
2. _ 7. B. Calcium Elements may be represented by a
and Iron chemical formula.
3. _ 8. C. Compound A pure substance is either an element
or a mixture.
4. _ 9. D. Symbol Water and table salt are compounds
essential to life.
5. _ 10. E. Mixture Elements can be classified as
metals, non- metals or metalloids.

Activity 2: Class Spy

Directions: Classify the following properties. Write the word ELEMENT if the statement
is about an element, write the word COMPOUND if the statement describes a
compound and the letters ELECOM will be written when the statement is exhibited by
both element and compound.
1. Categorized as acid, base, or salt.
2. Made up of two or more elements.
3. Has constant chemical composition.
4. Composed of only one kind of atom.
5. It is a pure substance.
6. Classified as metal, non- metal or metalloids.
7. Could not be broken down into simpler substance
8. Chemical formula can represent it.
9. Could be broken down into its component elements.
10. It has constant melting and boiling point.

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 Activity 3 : Match and Identify
Directions: Match Column A to Column B. In Column C write down the basis for
naming the element in each item. Number 1 is done for you.
Column A Column B Column C
(Basis ) (Element) Origin of the
names
_F 1. Marie Curie (Poland) A. Carbon Geographical name
_2. Iris (violet) B. Tellurium
_3. Borah (borax) C. Iridium
_4. Wolfram (wolf) D. Boron
_5. Tellus (earth) E. Tungsten
_6. Carbonis (Greek) F. Polonium
7. Thor (the Norse God of War) G. Germanium
_8. Kobold (evil spirit) H. Cobalt
_9. Caesus (bluish gray) I. Thorium
_10. Cuprum Latin) J. Cesium
_11. Winkler K. Copper

What I Have Learned

Directions: Fill in the blanks. Complete the following sentences by writing the correct
answer. Options are given after the sentence.

1. ____________ have definite composition and fixed melting and

boiling point. (pure substances, mixture )
2. __________is defined as a pure substance that contains only one
type of atom. (compound, elements)
3. Elements can be classified as metal, _________, or metalloids. (non-metal,
inert gases)
4. In writing ______________of the elements is consisting of a shorthand
symbol of one capital letter or two letters- having only the first letter
capitalized and the second letter not capitalized. ( chemical symbol,
chemical name)
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 5. _____________ of the elements contains the list of naturally
occurring and artificially produced elements that are arranged
systematically. (periodic table, periodic inventory)

6. The name and the symbol of the __________can be derived from their
Greek or Latin names that is based on pre- chemical names or ancient
names, name of color, mythological entity, geographical names or
workplaces of discovery and names of mineral ores. (elements, mixtures)
7. ____________ is a pure substance composed of two or more different
elements that are chemically combined. The properties of the compound
differ from the properties exhibited by the properties of the elements
composing the compound. (compound, mixture)
8. The chemical formula of compounds are symbols that show the
___________proportions of the number of atoms of the elements that
composed the substance. (relative, opposite)
9. The splitting of compounds into the corresponding elements with the use of
electricity is known as ____________. (electrolysis, electrolyte)
10. Compounds can be classified as acid, base, or _______. (mixture, salt)

What I Can Do

TEST TO SUM IT UP
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the CAPITAL letter of your
choice on the space provided before each number.
_1. Which of the following substances is an element?
A. Blood C. Iron
B. Fruit salad D. Mayonnaise
_2. Which of the following DOES NOT belong to the group?
A. Milk of magnesia C. Table sugar
B. Oxygen D. Water
_3. Which of the following is NOT TRUE for both elements and compounds?
A. They are homogeneous.
B. They are the simplest form of matter.
C. They are commonly found free in nature.
D. They can be broken down into simpler substances.
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_4. What elements can be taken when electrolysis is done in water?
A. Hydrogen C. both A and B
B. Water D. Neither A nor B
_5. How many different elements are present in C12H22O11?
A. 3 C. 4
B. 12 D. 44
_6. Which of the following chemical formulas represent a compound?
A. O2 C. H2
B. C3 D. CH3CHO
_7. Which DOES NOT belong to the group?
A. Americium C. Berkelium
B. Germanium D. Indium
_8. Who was the first scientist to use chemical symbol to represent an element?
A. Albert Einstein C. Aristotle
B. Jons Jacob Berzelius D. Theodore Schwann
_9. What is a gold?
A. Compound C. Mixture
B. Element D. Solution
_10. Which statement correctly describes an element?
A. It can be separated
B. It is made out from a mixture.
C. It is pure, made of only one thing
D. The melting and boiling point may differ all throughout.

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 Module 3 Elements and Compounds

Most Essential Learning Competencies

Recognize that substances are classified into elements and compounds. (S7MT-Ig-h-5)

What’s In
It’s Time to Discover the Facts:
As the old saying says “You Are What You Eat”. This quotation made you realize
what kind of food is essential to your body as you are already familiar with the minerals
presented to you.

Nutrition Facts – it provides detailed information about a food's nutrient content.

Nutrient – is anything that nourishes a living being. The word nutrient come from the
Latin word nutrire, which means “to feed, nurse, support, and preserve.

Minerals – any substance that is natural, solid, inorganic and in crystalline form.

The properties of a compound are very different from the properties of the
element of which it is composed of. An element named Chlorine is a very poisonous
green gas with an intensely disagreeable suffocating odor. Sodium is a soft metal; this
element burns when it comes in contact with water. Sodium chloride, which is a
compound made up of the elements Sodium and Chlorine do not burn when it comes
in contact with water. These properties are entirely different from that of Sodium
chloride, being a colorless or white crystalline compound used as a food preservative
or seasoning (food ingredient). Sodium chloride is commonly called as table salt. As
you know, it is safe to eat.

The Nutrition Facts label is required by the Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) on most packaged foods and beverages (by Mayoclinic staff “Mayo Foundation
for Medical Education and Research” 1998-2021, mayoclinic.org
https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/in-
depth/nutrition-facts/art-20048426).

Find the ingredient Ferrous sulfate (FeSO4). Ferrous is derived from the Latin
name of Iron. The Nutrition Facts state the amount of a food substance per serving.
Find the nutrient Iron in any food label. How much Iron does this food product give as
part of the recommended dietary allowance? From this product label, you can tell that
you will be getting 2% of Iron from this product and you will get it as Ferrous sulfate –
a compound of Iron.

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 A product label that lists Sodium as a nutrient means that the composition of
one of the ingredients includes Sodium. In the case of noodle soup, with three possible
ingredients such as Sodium carbonate, Sodium phosphate dibasic, and Sodium
polyphosphate.
Refer to the product labels for a Hot Red Pepper Paste (sauce) and Alcohol
disinfectant. Notice that ethyl alcohol was used as ingredient. It has the same function
for both products, that is it acts as preservative so the product would last longer.
However, it is important to note that food grade ethyl alcohol was added in Hot Red
Pepper Paste (sauce); while a non-food grade ethyl alcohol may be added in alcohol
disinfectant.

Facts in a Box:
• Excessive consumption
of sodium chloride may
lead to kidney failure.
• Refer to Figure 3. (How
much calcium do you
need to consume in a
day? How about
magnesium?
• Excessive consumption
of calcium can cause
constipation and may
increase the risk of
developing kidney
stone
• Excessive
consumption of
magnesium can lead
to sickness and
even death.
• A balanced diet is
important because
your body needs
proper nutrition to
work effectively.

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Figure 3. Recommended mineral intake (WHO, 2004) Joint FAO/WHO Expert
Consultation on “Human Vitamin and Mineral Requirements” apps.who.int (1998:
Bangkok Thailand)
https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/42716/9241546123.pdf;jsessionid=CFFE
4A0E155C3669243BAD88348F9BC4?sequence=1

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 What’s More

Activity 1: A Poem to Remember!

Direction: Read and study the poem below. Find the elements/macro minerals
mentioned in the poem and complete the graphic organizer on the right side. You may
use another sheet of paper to write your answer.

My Health, My Treasure

I drink my favorite milk

A ration of zinc
Oh, it strengthens my immune
system

I’m ready for a walk

Now my bones are powered up
A big thanks to you calcium

It’s alright Mr. muscle

Magnesium is on the run
My energy is enough

Another zip to add some

balance
And potassium will be there

by: Christine B. Lomerio

Activity 2: Identifying Elements and Compounds

Complete Table 2 by placing a check mark (✓) whether the item is an element
or compound. If the item is compound, write its corresponding elements. Item # 1 is
done for you.
Table 2. Identifying Elements and Compounds at Home.
If compound, what are the
Item Element Compound elements?
1. Water ✓ Hydrogen, Oxygen
2. Aluminum foil
3. pencil

4. salt

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 5. Toothpaste

6. Hydrogen Peroxide
( Agua oxigenada)
7. Baking soda

8. Egg shell

9. Bleach (Sodium
hypochlorite
10.Copper

Activity 3 : DIY Slam book

Traditionally, a slam book is a notebook passed from student to student in which
questions are written and answered anonymously. (Slum
book." Definitions.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2021. Web. 6 Jul 2021.
https://www.definitions.net/definition/slam+book). Study the figure below to start with
your slumbook.
Materials: - bond paper, colored paper, magazines, newspapers etc., art materials
(colored pens, markers, pencils, scissors, etc.)

Procedure:
1. List down 20 elements found in your periodic table.
2. Start your slumbook by writing the following:
Name: Gold
Nickname / Symbol: Au
Atomic Number: Year of Discovery:
Type:
Properties:
Uses:
3. If there is no photo available, you may draw an element that matches to
your chosen element.
4. Be creative as you can.

21
 Figure 3. Illustration
by: Rose Ann B.
Migalang

King,Hobart M.
“Mineral Properties
and Geologic
Occurrence”.
geology.com 2005-
2021.https://geology
.com/minerals/gold.
shtml?fbclid=IwAR2
S2Sq85VAxnjLB2zk
Gtd-
fIILbrOV6QWZD_G
ciWXW0BPsQZL4d
e5Rm0sc

What I Have Learned

Directions: Fill in the blanks. Complete the following sentences by writing the
correct answer.

1. A substance that contains only one sort of atom is called an _____________.

2. Each element is represented by a different __________________ and an atomic

number.
3. Elements are arranged in the Periodic Table according to its ______________.

4. _____________ are substances in which the atoms of two or more elements

are chemically combined.
5. Compounds are represented by a combination of numbers and chemical
symbols called ______________.
6. A few symbols are taken from the Latin or Greek names of the elements like the
Latin word sodium which is natrium meaning ______________.

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7. Reading food labels will make it much easier for you to compare foods and
find the foods that have the __________________to your body needs.
8. _________ plays an important role in informing the consumer how to use
a product and the safety information for hazardous ingredients it may contain.
9. The element _____________came from the Latin name kalium.
10. ________________ is a compound that helps whiten the teeth.

What I Can Do
Home-Made Disinfectant

Materials: 500 ml recycled spray bottle or plastic bottle, ½ cup white vinegar, ½
cup water, 5 tablespoons of calamansi or lemon juice extract
Procedure:
a. Mix together equal parts of white vinegar and water inside the bottle.
b. Add calamansi or lemon juice to add fresh fragrance into your mixture.
(Do not include the seeds).
c. Shake the contents accordingly and you are done!
Note: Pro tip! For tough and stubborn stains, spray on the solution on the spot and
let cleanser sit for a few minutes. Vinegar actively breaks down bacteria build
up.
Guide Questions:
i. Read the product label of vinegar and list down its component
elements from compound that you have found.
_
ii. What minerals are present in calamansi or lemon juice that you
have used in the activity?

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 Module 4 Mixtures and Substances

Most Essential Learning Competencies

Distinguish mixtures from substances based on a set of properties. (S7MT-Ie-f4)

What’s In
Mixtures and Substances

Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. Living things are made
up of the most basic elements such as carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen,
phosphorus and sulfur. An element is a pure substance that is made up of one
type of atom. Elements are just one of the classifications of matter.

In this module, you are expected to distinguish mixtures from substances.

Identify some characteristics of compounds and mixtures. Use tabulation, illustration
or Venn diagram to distinguish compounds from mixtures.

Google. (n.d.). Google Search.

https://www.google.com/search?q=classification%2Bof%2Bmatter%2Bchart&rlz=1C1VDKB_enPH945PH945&sxsrf=

➢ MATTER may be classified into two broad categories: Mixture and Substance.
➢ SUBSTANCE a particular kind of matter that has uniform properties.
➢ Pure Substance such as elements and compounds have uniform composition all
throughout.

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➢ MIXTURE a physical combination of two or more substances on which the
identities are retained and are mixed in the form of solutions, suspensions, and
colloids.
➢ MIXTURE contains two or more components/substances. They may be classified
into homogeneous or heterogeneous depending on the size of the components
present on it.
➢ During boiling, the temperature of a substance changes at the start then it
becomes the same, while the temperature of a mixture is different at different
times.
➢ During melting, a substance melts completely/smoothly within a short time; while
a mixture has portions that seem to be not melting.

Example of SUBSTANCE

GOLD (Au) Distilled Water (H2O) SALT (NaOH)

Example of MIXTURE VS. MIXTURES

Vegetable Salad Sea Water Air

Classikool 100ml Pure Distilled Water -DeionisedThenDistilledAmazon.co.uk:Grocery(n.d.https://www.amazon.co.uk/Classikool-

100ml-Distilled-Water-ionised/dp/B00FZL29QM.

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 Properties of substance Properties of mixtures
Properties
Made up of one of
Made up of two
or more elements both or more
compounds substances
and mixture
Properties of its Made up of at least
components are one type of atom. Properties of its
different from the components remain
original substance. Essential for life the same when they
combine.
Have two
Requires a
possible
chemical process Requires a physical
forms.
to separate its or mechanical
components. process to separate
its components.

Reference: Felicerta, Corazon N. and Pinar, Leticia B. 2003. Breaking through Science 7

What’s More

Activity 1. What’s in the picture?

Directions: Classify the encircled objects as element, compound, or mixture. Write
your answer in the table that below.

26
 Element Compound Mixture

Nicole, K. (n.d.). Clothes On A Clothesline Clipart, HD Png Download - kindpng. KindPNG.com.

https://www.kindpng.com/imgv/iJhmmib_clothes-on-a-clothesline-clipart-hd-png-download/.

Activity 2: Substance and Mixture

Directions: Read books or search the internet about what these materials are made
up of.
aterial Components Material Components

HydrogenPeroxide Bleach

Salt Brine

Water Soft drink

Mister Valverde Follow. (n.d.). Substances and Mixtures. SlideShare. http///.slideshare.net/JuanCarlosValverde2/5th-block-4-air-

is-a-mixture-of-gases.

Guide question:
1. Which of the materials above are compounds?
2. Are the component of compounds combined chemically or physically?
3. Which of the materials above are mixtures?

27
4.Are the components of mixtures combined chemically or physically?
5.Which among the materials have fixed amount of components? Are they compounds
or mixture?

What I Have Learned

Directions: Arrange the jumbled letters to form the correct word/s being described. Fill
in the third column with an example of the correct word.

CORRECT WORD DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE

TTREMA anything that takes up place

and has mass.

REPU TABSNCEUB a particular kind of matter that

has uniform properties.
___________________

_
LEENTME a substance that cannot be

_ broken down into simpler

substances by chemical
means

NEMOHOGEOUS a mixture with a

uniform composition

TIXMURE contains two or more

components/substances
_

ROTEHENEOUSGE a mixture with various/non

uniform compositions

28
 POMCOUND a substance formed when
two or more elements are
chemically bonded together.

What I Can Do
DIY Solar-Powered Distillation of Salt and Water Mixture

Materials:

5 tablespoons of salt, 1 cup of water, 5 L(Wilkins big empty bottle) capacity

transparent plastic wide-mouthed container, plastic wrap (enough to cover the
container), rubber band, drinking glass, small stone

Procedure:
1. Combine the salt and water. Pour the solution into the container.
2. Place the drinking glass at the center of the container.
3. Loosely cover the container with a plastic wrap.
4. Wrap the rubber band around the mouth of the container.
5. Put a piece of stone at the center of the plastic wrap. See to it that the plastic
does touch the brim of the glass.
6. Place the setup under the sun. Wait until liquid collects into the drinking
glass. Take note of what is happening in the setup.
7. When you have collected at least half cup of water, remove the plastic wrap
cover and get the drinking glass.

Guide Questions:

1. What happened to the salt and water when you combined them?

2. After distillation, get a little bit of the liquid collected from the drinking glass.
How does it taste?

29
3. Get a small amount of salt solution and put it in a small dish. Apply heat.
What is left behind when all the liquid part evaporates?

4. What did distillation do the mixture of salt and water?

5. What processes are involved in distillation?

REMINDER:
Please be careful in doing this activity. Make sure to ask guidance
from teacher/ parent.

30
 31
Module 2
Activity 1
1. T 6.
2. F 7. D
3. F 8. C
4. T 9.
5. T 10.
Activity 2
1. Compound 6. Element
2. Compound 7. Element
3. Elecom 8. Compound
4. Element 9. Compound
5. Elecom 10. Compound
Activity 3
1. G Name of Geographical location
2. C Name of Color
3. D Name of mineral or Ore
4. E Mythological entity
5. B Name of celestial body
6. A Pre-chemical name
7. I Name of Mythological entity
8. H Name of Mythological entity
9. J Name of color
10. K Pre-chemical name
What I have learned
1. Pure substance 6. Elements
2. Elements 7. Compound
3. Non-metal 8. Relative
4. Chemical symbol 9. Electrolysis
5. Periodic table 10. Salt
Test to Sum Up
1. C 6. D
2. D 7. D
3. D 8. B
4. C 9. B
5. A 10. C
Answer Key
 32
Module 4 What I have learned
Activity 1 1. Matter
Elements – Oxygen 2. Pure Substance
Compound-bleach, Water, salt, sugar 3. Elements
Mixture-clouds, powdered soap 4. Homogenous
5. Mixture
Activity 2 6. Heterogenous
COMPONENTS 7. Compound
1. Hydrogen, oxygen
2. Sodium, Chlorine
3. Hydrogen, Oxygen
4. Sodium, Chlorine, Oxygen
5. Salt and water
6. Carbon dioxide, water and sugar
Module 3: What I have learned
1. Elements
2. Chemical symbol
3. Properties
4. Compounds
5. Formula
6. Alkali metals
7. Nutritional value
8. Labels
9. Potassium
10. Fluoride
ACTIVITY 2: IDENTIFYING ELEMENTS & COMPOUNDS
MODULE 3 (1ST QTR): ACTIVITY 1: A POEM TO REMEMBER!