TERMS DEFINITIONS CASUAL CONDITION THE CONDITION DEPENDS UPON CHANCE OR UPON

THE WILL OF A THIRD PERSON

ACCESORY OBLIGATION ONE WHICH IS ATTACHED TO A PRINCIPAL
OBLIGATION AND, THEREFORE, CANNOT STAND ALONE
ACCESSIONS THE FRUITS OF A THING OR ADDITIONS TO OR
IMPROVEMENTS UPON A THING (THE PRINCIPAL)
CAUSAL FRAUD FRAUD EMPLOYED IN THE EXECUTION OF A CONTRACT,
WHICH VITIATES CONSENT
CIVIL FRUITS THOSE DELIVERED BY VIRTUE OF A JURIDICAL RELATION

ACCESSORIES THINGS JOINED TO OR INCLUDED WITH THE PRINCIPAL THING CIVIL LOSS WHEN A THING DISAPPEARS IN SUCH A WAY THAT ITS
FOR THE LATTER'S EMBELLISHMENT, BETTER USE OR COMPLETION. EXISTENCE IS UNKNOWN

ACTIVE SOLIDARITY SOLIDARITY ON THE PART OF THE CREDITORS, WHERE
ANY ONE OF THEM CAN DEMAND THE FULFILLMENT OF THE ENTIRE
OBLIGATION; ESSENTIAL FEATURE IS THAT OF MUTUAL REPRESENTATION
AMONG THE SOLIDARY CREDITORS WITH POWERS TO EXERCISE THE RIGHTS
OF OTHERS IN THE SAME MANNER AS THEIR RIGHTS
ACTS OF GOD EVENTS WHICH ARE TOTALLY INDEPENDENT OF THE WILL OF
EVERY HUMAN BEING, E.G. EARTHQUAKE, FLOOD, RAIN, SHIPWRECK,
LIGHTNING, VOLCANIC ERUPTION
ACTS OF MAN E.G. WAR, FIRE, ROBBERY, NURDER, INSURRECTION
CIVIL NEGLIGENCE NEGLIGENCE WHICH BY ITSELF IS THE SOURCE OF AN
OBLIGATION BETWEEN THE PARTIES NOT SO RELATED BEFORE ANY PRE-
EXISTING CONTRACT; ALSO TORT OR QUASI-DELICT
COMPENSATIO MORAE DELAY OF THE OBLIGORS IN RECIPROCAL
OBLIGATIONS I.E., DELAY OF THE OBLIGOR CANCELS THE DELAY OF THE
OBLIGEE, V.V.
COMPENSATION THE EXTINGUISHMENT TO THE CONCURRENT
AMOUNT OF THE DEBTS OF TWO PERSONS WHO, IN THEIR OWN RIGHT, ARE
THE DEBTORS AND CREDITORS OF EACH OTHER

ALTERNATIVE OBLIGATION SEVERAL PRESTATIONS ARE DUE BUT THE COMPENSATORY PENAL CLAUSE WHEN THE PENALTY TAKES PLACE OF
PERFORMANCE OF ONE IS SUFFICIENT AS DETERMINED BY THE CHOICE DAMAGES
WHICH, AS A GENERAL RULE, BELONGS TO THE DEBTOR
COMPLETE CONDONATION COVERS THE ENTIRE OBLIGATION
APPLICATION OF PAYMENTS THE DESIGNATION OF DEBT TO WHICH
COMPLIANCE IN GOOD FAITH COMPLIANCE OR PERFORMANCE IN
SHOULD BE APPLIED THE PAYMENT MADE BY A DEBTOR WHI HAS VARIOUS
DEBTS OF THE SAME KIND IN FAVOR OF ONE AND THE SAME CREDITOR ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATIONS OR TERMS OF THE CONTRACT OR
AGREEMENT.
BILATERAL OBLIGATION WHEN BOTH PARTIES ARE MUTUALLY BOUND TO
EACH OTHER; MAY BE RECIPROCAL OR NON-RECIPROCAL COMPOUND OBLIGATION THERE ARE TWO OR MORE PRESTATIONS

COMPULSORY HEIRS ENTITLED TO LEGITIME

CAPACITY TO ALIENATE THE PERSON IS NOT INCAPACITATED TO ENTER INTO
CONTRACTS AND TO MAKE A DISPOSITION OF THE THING DUE.
CONCLUSIVE PRESUMPTION ONE WHICH CANNOT BE CONTRADICTED, ANOTHER OR OTHERS, OR RECIPROCALLY, TO THE FULFILLMENT OF A
LIKE THE PRESUMPTION THAT EVERYONE IS CONCLUSIVELY PRESUMED TO PRESTATION TO GIVE, TO DO OR NOT TO DO.
KNOW THE LAW
CONTRACTUAL NEGLIGENCE NEGLIGENCE IN CONTRACTS RESULTING IN
CONDITION A FUTURE AND UNCERTAIN EVENT, UPON THE HAPPENING THEIR BREACH
OF WHICH, THE EFFECTIVITY OR EXTINGUISHMENT OF AN OBLIGATION (OR
RIGHT) SUBJECT TO IT DEPENDS CONTRAVENTION OF TERMS VIOLATION OF THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS
STIPULATED IN THE OBLIGATION
CONDITIONAL OBLIGATION ONE WHOSE CONSEQUENCES ARE SUBJECT
IN ONE WAY OR ANOTHER TO THE FULFILLMENT OF A CONDITION CONVENTIONAL INDIVISIBILITY WHERE THE WILL OF THE PARTIES MAKES AS
INDIVISIBLE, OBLIGATIONS WHICH, BY THEIR NATURE, ARE DIVISIBLE
CONDONATION INTER VIVOS IT WILL TAKE EFFECT DURING THE LIFETIME
OF THE DONOR CONVENTIONAL NOVATION TAKES PLACE BY AGREEMENT OF THE
PARTIES
CONDONATION MORTIS CAUSA IT WILL BECOME EFFECTIVE UPON THE
DEATH OF THE DONOR; MUST COMPLY WITH THE FORMALITIES OF A WILL CONVENTIONAL OR VOLUNTARY PERIOD PERIOD AGREED TO BY THE
PARTIES
CONDONATION OR REMISSION GRATUITOUS ABANDONMENT BY THE
CREDITOR OF HIS RIGHT AGAINST THE DEBTOR; A FORM OF DONATION CONVENTIONAL PENAL CLAUSE PROVIDED FOR BY THE STIPULATION OF THE
PARTIES
CONFUSION OR MERGER THE MEETING IN ONE PERSON OF THE
QUALITIES OF A CREDITOR AND DEBTOR WITH RESPECT TO THE SAME CONVENTIONAL SOLIDARITY SOLIDARITY IS AGREED UPON BY THE
PARTIES; IF NOTHING IS MENTIONED IN THE CONTRACT, THE OBLIGATION IS
OBLIGATION
ONLY JOINT
CONJUCTIVE CONDITION THERE ARE SEVERAL CONDITIONS AND ALL
CONVENTIONAL SUBROGATION (NOVATION - SUBROGATION) WHEN IT TAKES
MUST BE FULFILLED
PLACE BY EXPRESS AGREEMENT OF THE ORIGINAL PARTIES (THE DEBTOR AND
CONJUCTIVE OBLIGATION THERE ARE SEVERAL PRESTATIONS AND ALL THE ORIGINAL CREDITOR) AND THE THIRD PERSON (THE NEW CREDITOR)
OF THEM ARE DUE
CRIMINAL NEGLIGENCE NEGLIGENCE RESULTING IN THE COMMISSION OF A
CONSIGNATIONTHE ACT OF DEPOSITING THE THING OR AMOUNT DUE WITH CRIME
THE PROPER COURT WHEN THE CREDITOR DOES NOT DESIRE OR CANNOT
RECEIVE IT, AFTER COMPLYING WITH THE FORMALITIES REQUIRED BY LAW DATION IN PAYMENT CONVEYANCE OF OWNERSHIP OF A THING AS AN
ACCEPTED EQUIVALENT OF PERFORMANCE
CONTRACT A JURIDICAL CONVENTION MANIFESTED IN LEGAL FORM, BY
VIRTUE OF WHICH ONE OR MORE PERSONS BIND THEMSELVES IN FAVOR OF DEFINITE PERIOD PERIOD FIXED OR IT IS KNOWN WHEN IT WILL COME
DEFLATION THE REDUCTION IN VOLUME AND CIRCULATION OF THE
AVAILABLE MONEY OR CREDIT,R ESULTING IN A DECLINE OF THE GENERAL
PRICE LEVEL; OPPOSITE OF INFLATION
DELAY OR DEFAULT FAILURE TO PERFORM AN OBLIGATION ON TIME
WHICH FAILURE CONSTITUTES A BREACH OF OBLIGATION.
DELEGACION (NOVATION - SUBSTITUTION) WHICH TAKES PLACE WHEN
THE CREDITOR ACCEPTS A THIRD PERSON TO TAKE PLACE OF THE DEBTOR AT
THE INSTANCE OF THE LATTER. THE CREDITOR MAY WITHOLD APPROVAL. ALL
PARTIES MUST AGREE
DELIVERY OR TRADITION OWNERSHIP AND OTHER REAL RIGHTS OVER
PROPERTY ARE ACQUIRED AND TRANSMITTED IN CONSEQUENCE OF CERTAIN
CONTRACTS BY TRADITION OR DELIVERY.
DISJUNCTIVE CONDITION THERE ARE SEVERAL CONDITIONS AND ONLY
ONE MUST BE FULFILLED
DISPUTABLE (OR REBUTTABLE) PRESUMPTION ONE WHICH CAN BE
CONTRADICTED OR REBUTTED BY PRESENTING PROOF TO THE CONTRARY
DISTRIBUTIVE OBLIGATION ONE OR TWO OR MORE OF THE PRESTATIONS
IS DUE (ALTERNATIVE OR FACULTATIVE)
DIVISIBLE CONDITION THE CONDITION IS SUSCEPTIBLE OF PARTIAL
PERFORMANCE
DIVISIBLE OBLIGATION ONE THE OBJECT OF WHICH, IN ITS DELIVERY OR
PERFORMANCE, IS CAPABLE OF PARTIAL FULFILLMENT
DOMICILE THE PLACE OF A PERSON'S HABITUAL RESIDENCE; THE PLACE
WHERE HE HAS TRUE FIXED PERMANENT HOME AND TO WHICH PLACE HE,
WHENEVER HE IS ABSENT, HAS THE INTENTION OF RETURNING
EXPRESS CONDONATION MADE EITHER VERBALLY OR IN WRITING
EXPRESS NOVATION SO DECLARED IN UNEQUIVOCAL TERMS
EXPROMISION (NOVATION - SUBSTITUTION) WHICH TAKES PLACE WHEN A
THIRD PERSON OF HIS OWN INITIATIVE AND WITHOUT THE KNOWLEDGE OR
AGAINST THE WILL OF THE ORIGINAL DEBTOR ASSUMES THE LATTER'S
OBLIGATION WITH THE CONSENT OF THE CREDITOR
EXTRA-ORDINARY FORTUITOUS EVENT THOSE EVENTS WHICH ARE
UNCOMMON AND WHICH THE CONTRACTING PARTIES COULD NOT HAVE
REASONABLY FORESEEN
FACULTATIVE COMPENSATION WHEN IT CAN BE SET UP BY ONLY ONE OF
THE PARTIES
FACULTATIVE OBLIGATION ONLY ONE PRESTATION IS DUE BUT THE
DEBTOR MAY SUBSTITUTE ANOTHER
FORTUITOUS EVENT ANY EVENT WHICH CANNOT BE FORESEEN, OR
WHICH, THOUGH FORESEEN, IS INEVITABLE
FRAUD DELIBERATE OF INTENTIONAL EVASION OF THE NORMAL
FULFILLMENT OF AN OBLIGATION
FREE DISPOSAL OF THING DUE THE THING TO BE DELIVERED MUST NOT BE
SUBJECT TO ANY CLAIM OR LIEN OR ENCUMBRANCE OF A THIRD PERSON
GENERIC OR INDETERMINATE A THING IS GENERIC OR DETERMINATE WHEN
IT REFERS ONLY TO A CLASS OR GENUS TO WHICH IT PERTAINS AND CANNOT
BE POINTED OUT WITH PARTICULARITY. IDENTIFIED BY ITS SPECIE.
IDEAL OR INTELLECTUAL DIVISION ONE WHICH EXISTS ONLY IN THE
MINDS OF THE PARTIES
IMPLIED CONDONATION INFERRED FROM CONDUCT
IMPLIED NOVATION WHEN THE OLD AND THE NEW OBLIGATIONS ARE
ESSENTIALLY INCOMPATIBLE WITH EACH OTHER
INCIDENTAL FRAUD COMMITTED IN THE PERFORMANCE OF AN
OBLIGATION ALREADY EXISTING BECAUSE OF CONTRACT
INDEFINITE PERIOD PERIOD NOT FIXED OR IT IS NOT KNOWN WHEN IT
WILL COME
INDIVISIBLE CONDITION THE CONDITION IS NOT SUSCEPTIBLE OF PARTIAL
PERFORMANCE
INDIVISIBLE OBLIGATION ONE THE OBJECT OF WHICH, IN ITS DELIVERY
OR PERFORMANCE, IS NOT CAPABLE OF PARTIAL FULFILLMENT
INDUSTRIAL FRUITS PRODUCED BY LANDS OF ANY KIND THROUGH
CULTIVATION OR LABOR.
INFLATION A SHARP SUDDEN INCREASE OF MONEY OR CREDIT OR BOTH
WITHOUT A CORRESPONDING INCREASE IN BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS;
CAUSES A DROP IN THE VALUE OF MONEY, RESULTING IN THE RISE OF THE
GENERAL PRICE LEVEL
JOINT OBLIGATION ONE WHERE THE WHOLE OBLIGATION IS TO BE PAID
OR FULFILLED PROPORTIONATELY BY THE DIFFERENT DEBTORS AND/OR IS TO
BE DEMANDED PROPORTIONATELY BY THE DIFFERENT CREDITORS
JOINT OR CUMULATIVE PENAL CLAUSE WHEN BOTH THE PRINCIPAL
OBLIGATION AND THE PENAL CLAUSE CAN BE ENFORCED
JUDICIAL COMPENSATION WHEN IT TAKES PLACE BY ORDER FROM A
COURT IN LITIGATION; MERELY A FORM OF LEGAL OR VOLUNTARY
COMPENSATION WHEN DECLARED BY THE COURTS BY VIRTUE OF AN ACTION
BY ONE OF THE PARTIES, WHO REFUSES TO ADMIT IT, AND BY THE DEFENSE
OF THE OTHER WHO INVOKES IT
JUDICIAL COSTS STATUTORY AMOUNTS ALLOWED TO A PARTY TO AN ACTION
FOR HIS EXPENSES INCURRED IN THE ACTION
JUDICIAL PERIOD PERIOD FIXED BY THE COURT
LEGAL COMPENSATION WHEN IT TAKES PLACE BY OPERATION OF LAW EVEN
WITHOUT THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE PARTIES
LEGAL IMPOSSIBILITY OCCURS WHEN THE OBLIGATION CANNOT BE
PERFORMED BECAUSE IT IS RENDERED IMPOSSIBLE BY PROVISION OF LAW,
ALTHOUGH PHYSICALLY IT MAY BE POSSIBLE OF PERFORMANCE
LEGAL INDIVISIBILITY WHERE A SPECIFIC PROVISION OF LAW DECLARES AS
INDIVISIBLE, OBLIGATIONS WHICH, BY THEIR NATURE, ARE DIVISIBLE
LEGAL LOSS WHEN A THING GOES OUT OF COMMERCE (E.G. WHEN IT IS
EXPROPRIATED) OR WHEN A THING HERETOFORE LEGAL BECOMES ILLEGAL
LEGAL NOVATION TAKES PLACE BY OPERATION OF LAW
LEGAL PENAL CLAUSE PROVIDED BY THE LAW
LEGAL PERIOD PERIOD PROVIDED FOR BY LAWS
LEGAL SOLIDARITY WHERE SOLIDARITY IS IMPOSED BY THE LAW
LEGAL SUBROGATION (NOVATION - SUBROGATION) WHEN IT TAKES PLACE
WITHOUT AGREEMENT BUT BY OPERATION OF LAW
LEGAL TENDER THAT CURRENCY WHICH A DEBTOR CAN LEGALLY COMPEL A
CREDITOR TO ACCEPT IN PAYMENT OF A DEBT IN MONEY WHEN TENDERED
BY THE DEBTOR IN THE RIGHT AMOUNT
LEGITIME PART OF THE TESTATOR'S PROPERTY WHICH HE CANNOT
DISPOSE OF BECAUSE THE LAW HAS RESERVED IT FOR CERTAIN HEIRS, CALLED
COMPULSORY HEIRS
LOSS A THING IS LOST WHEN IT PERISHES, OR GOES OUT OF COMMERCE,
OR DISAPPEARS IN SUCH A WAY THAT ITS EXISTENCE IS UNKNOWN OR IT
CANNOT BE RECOVERED
MIXED CONDITION THE CONDITION DEPENDS PARTLY UPON CHANCE
AND PARTLY UPON THE WILL OF A THIRD PERSON
MIXED NOVATION WHEN THE OBJECT AND/OR PRINCIPAL CONDITIONS OBLIGATION A JURIDICAL RELATION CREATED BY VIRTUE OF CERTAIN
OF THE OBLIGATION AND THE DEBTOR OR THE CREDITOR, OR BOTH THE FACTS, BETWEEN TWO OR MORE PERSONS, WHEREBY ONE OF THEM,
PARTIES, ARE CHANGED KNOWN AS THE CREDITOR, MAY DEMAND OF THE OTHER, KNOWN AS THE
DEBTOR OR OBLIGOR, THE OBSERVANCE OF A DETERMINATE CONDUCT, AND,
MIXED SOLIDARITY SOLIDARITY ON THE PART OF THE DEBTORS AND IN CASE OF BREACH, MAY OBTAIN SATISFACTION FROM THE ASSETS OF THE
CREDITORS, WHERE EACH ONE OF THE DEBTORS IS LIABLE TO RENDER, AND LATTER.
EACH ONE OF THE CREDITORS HAS A RIGHT TO DEMAND, ENTIRE
COMPLIANCE WITH THE OBLIGATION OBLIGATION WITH A PENAL CLAUSE ONE WHICH CONTAINS AN
ACCESSORY UNDERTAKING TO PAY A PREVIOUSLY STIPULATED INDEMNITY IN
MORA ACCIPIENDI DELAY ON THE PART OF THE CREDITOR TO ACCEPT CASE OF BREACH
THE PERFORMANCE OF THE OBLIGATION
ORDINARY FORTUITOUS EVENTS THOSE EVENTS WHICH ARE
MORA SOLVENDI DELAY ON THE PART OF THE DEBTOR TO FULFILL HIS COMMON AND WHICH THE CONTRACTING PARTIES COULD REASONABLY
OBLIGATION FORESEE
NATURAL FRUITS SPONTANEOUS PRODUCTS OF THE SOIL, AND THE PARTIAL COMPENSATION WHEN TWO OBLIGATIONS ARE OF DIFFERENT
YOUNG AND OTHER PRODUCTS OF ANIMALS. AMOUNTS AND A BALANCE REMAINS
NATURAL INDIVISIBILITY WHERE THE NATURE OF THE OBJECT OR PARTIAL CONDONATION DOES NOT COVER THE ENTIRE OBLIGATION
PRESTATION DOES NOT ADMIT OF DIVISION, E.G. TO GIVE A PARTICULAR CAR,
TO SING A SONG, ETC. PARTIAL OR MODIFICATORY NOVATION WHEN THE OLD OBLIGATION IS
MERELY MODIFIED
NEGLIGENCE VOLUNTARY ACT OR OMISSION, THERE BEING NO MALICE,
WHICH PREVENTS THE NORMAL FULFILLMENT OF AN OBLIGATION PASSIVE SOLIDARITY SOLIDARITY ON THE PART OF THE DEBTORS, WHERE
ANY ONE OF THEM CAN BE MADE LIABLE FOR THE FULFILLMENT OF THE
NEGOTIORUM GESTIO THE VOLUNTARY MANAGEMENT OF THE PROPERTY ENTIRE OBLIGATION; IN THE NATURE OF MUTUAL GUARANTY
OR AFFAIRS OF ANOTHER WITHOUT THE KNOWLEDGE OR CONSENT OF THE
LATTER. PAYMENT CONSISTS OF NOT ONLY IN THE DELIVERY OF MONEY BUT
ALSO THE GIVING OF A THING (OTHER THAN MONEY), THE DOING OF AN ACT,
NON-RECIPROCAL BILATERAL OBLIGATION THOSE WHICH DO NOT OR NOT DOING OF AN ACT; ALSO, PERFORMANCE.
IMPOSE SIMULTANEOUS AND CORRELATIVE PERFORMANCE ON BOTH
PARTIES PAYMENT BY CESSION THE ASSIGNMENT OR ABANDONMENT OF ALL THE
PREOPERTIES OF THE DEBTOR FOR THE BENEFIT OF HIS CREDITORS IN ORDER
NOVATION EXTINCTION OF AN OBLIGATION THROUGH THE CREATION OF THAT THE LATTER MAY SELL THE SAME AND APPLY THE PROCEEDS THEREOF
A NEW ONE WHICH SUBSTITUTES IT; NEVER PRESUMED TO THE SATISFACTION OF THEIR CREDITS
PENAL CLAUSE AN ACCESSORY UNDERTAKING ATTACHED TO AN
OBLIGATION TO ASSUME GREATER LIABILITY IN CASE OF BREACH, I.E., THE
OBLIGATION IS NOT FULFILLED, OR IS PARTLY OR IRREGULARLY COMPLIED
WITH
PERIOD A FUTURE AND CERTAIN EVENT UPON THE ARRIVAL OF WHICH THE
OBLIGATION SUBJECT TO IT EITHER ARISES OR IS EXTINGUISHED
PERSONAL OBLIGATION THE SUBJECT MATTER IS AN ACT TO BE DONE OR NOT
TO BE DONE.
PERSONAL OR SUBJECTIVE NOVATION WHEN THE PERSON OF THE DEBTOR
IS SUBSTITUTED AND/OR WHEN A THIRD PERSON IS SUBROGATED IN THE
RIGHTS OF THE CREDITOR
PERSONAL RIGHT RIGHT OR POWER OF A PERSON (CREDITOR) TO
DEMAND FROM ANOTHER (DEBTOR), AS A DEFINITE PASSIVE SUBJECT, THE
FULFILLMENT OF THE LATTER'S OBLIGATION TO GIVE, TO DO OR NOT TO DO.
ENFORCEABLE ONLY AGAINST A PARTICULAR PERSON.
PHYSICAL LOSS WHEN A THING PERISHES AS WHEN A HOUSE IS BURNED AND
REDUCED TO ASHES
PLEDGE A CONTRACT BY VIRTUE OF WHICH THE DEBTOR DELIVERS TO THE
CREDITOR OR TO A THIRD PERSON A MOVABLE INSTRUMENT EVIDENCING
INCORPOREAL RIGHTS FOR THE PURPOSE OF SECURING THE FULFILLMENT OF
A PRINCIPAL OBLIGATION WITH THE UNDERSTANDING THAT WHEN THE
OBLIGATION IS FULFILLED THE THING DELIVERED SHALL BE RETURNED WITH
ALL ITS FRUITS AND ACCESSIONS
POTESTATIVE CONDITION THE CONDITION DEPENDS UPON THE WILL
OF ONE OF THE CONTRACTING PARTIES
PRESCRIPTION ACQUISITION OF OWNERSHIP AND OTHER RIGHTS THROUGH
THE LAPSE OF TIME IN THE MANNER AND UNDER THE CONDITIONS LAID
DOWN BY LAW
PRESUMPTION THE INTERFERENCE OF FACT NOT ACTUALLY KNOWN ARISING
FROM ITS USUAL CONNECTION WITH ANOTHER WHICH IS KNOWN
PRINCIPAL OBLIGATION ONE WHICH CAN STAND BY ITSELF AND DOES NOT
DEPEND FOR ITS VALIDITY AND EXISTENCE UPON ANOTHER OBLIGATION
PUNITIVE PENAL CLAUSE WHEN THE PENALTY IS IMPOSED MERELY AS
PUNISHMENT FOR BREACH
PURE OBLIGATION ONE WHICH IS NOT SUBJECT TO ANY CONDITION AND
NO SPECIFIC DATE IS MENTIONED FOR ITS FULFILLMENT, AND IS, THEREFORE,
IMMEDIATELY DEMANDABLE
QUALITATIVE DIVISION ONE BASED ON QUALITY, NOT ON NUMBER OR
QUANTITY OF THE THINGS WHICH ARE THE OBJECT OF THE OBLIGATION
QUANTITATIVE DIVISION ONE BASED ON QUANTITY RATHER THAN ON
QUALITY
QUASI-CONTRACT A JURIDICAL RELATION RESULTING FROM LAWFUL,
VOLUNTARY AND UNILATERAL ACTS BY VIRTUE OF WHICH THE APRTIES
BECOME BOUND TO EACH OTHER TO THE END THAT NO ONE WILL BE
UNJUSTLY ENRICHED OR BENEFITED AT THE EXPENSE OF ANOTHER.
QUASI-DELICT AN ACT OR OMISSION BY A PERSON (TORT FEASOR) WHICH
CAUSES DAMAGE TO ANOTHER GIVING RISE TO AN OBLIGATION TO PAY FOR
THE DAMAGE DONE, THERE BEING FAULT OR NEGLIGENCE BUT THERE IS NO
PRE-EXISTING CONTRACTUAL RELATION BETWEEN THE PARTIES.
REAL OBLIGATION THE SUBJECT MATTER IS A THING WHICH THE
OBLIGOR MUST DELIVER TO THE OBLIGEE.
REAL OR OBJECTIVE NOVATION WHEN THE OBJECT (OR CAUSE) OR PRINCIPAL
CONDITIONS OF THE OBLIGATION ARE CHANGED
REAL RIGHT THE RIGHT OR INTEREST OF A PERSON OVER A SPECIFIC
THING (LIKE OWNERSHIP, POSSESSION, MORTGAGE), WITHOUT A DEFINITE
PASSIVE SUBJECT AGAINST WHOM THE RIGHT MAY BE PERSONALLY
ENFORCED. DIRECTED AGAINST THE WHOLE WORLD.
REAL SOLIDARITY WHERE SOLIDARITY IS IMPOSED BY THE NATURE OF
THE OBLIGATION
RECIPROCAL BILATERAL OBLIGATION THOSE WHICH ARISE FROM THE
SAME CAUSE AND IN WHICH EACH PARTY IS A DEBTOR AND A CREDITOR OF
THE OTHER, SUCH THAT THE PERFORMANCE OF ONE IS DESIGNED TO BE THE
EQUIVALENT AND THE CONDITION FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF THE OTHER.
RESIDENCE AN ELEMENT OF DOMICILE; REQUIRES BODILY PRESENCE AS
AN INHABITATNT IN A GIVEN PLACE
RESOLUTORY CONDITION (CONDITION SUBSEQUENT) ONE THE
FULFILLMENT OF WHICH WILL EXTINGUISH AN OBLIGATION (OR RIGHT)
ALREADY EXISTING
RIGHT THE POWER WHICH A PERSON HAS UNDER THE LAW, TO DEMAND
FROM ANOTHER ANY PRESTATION.
SIMPLE LOAN OR MUTUUM A CONTRACT WHEREBY ONE OF THE PARTIES
DELIVERS TO ANOTHER, MONEY OR OTHER CONSUMABLE THING, UPON THE
CONDITION THAT THE SAME AMOUNT OF THE SAME KIND AND QUALITY
SHALL BE PAID
SIMPLE OBLIGATION THERE IS ONLY ONE PRESTATION
SOLIDARY OBLIGATION ONE WHERE EACH ONE OF THE DEBTORS IS BOUND
TO RENDER, AND/OR EACH ONE OF THE CREDITORS HAS A RIGHT TO
DEMAND FROM ANY OF THE DEBTORS, ENTIRE COMPLIANCE WITH THE
PRESTATION
SOLUTIO INDEBITI THE JURIDICAL RELATION WHICH IS CREATED WHEN
SOMETHING IS RECEIVED WHEN THERE IS NO RIGHT TO DEMAND IT AND IT
WAS UNDULY DELIVERED THROUGH MISTAKE.
SPECIFIC OR DETERMINATE A THING IS SAID TO BE SPECIFIC OR
DETERMINATE PARTICULARLY DESIGNATED OR PHYSICALLY SEGREGATED
OTHERS OF THE SAME CLASS. IDENTIFIED BY ITS INDIVIDUALITY.
SUBROGATION A KIND OF NOVATION WHEN A THIRD PERSON IS
SUBROGATED IN THE RIGHTS OF THE CREDITOR
SUBSIDIARY OR ALTERNATIVE PENAL CLAUSE WHEN ONLY THE PENALTY
CAN BE ENFORCED
SUBSTITUTION A KIND OF NOVATION WHEN THE PERSON OF THE DEBTOR IS
SUBSTITUTED
SUSPENSIVE CONDITION (CONDITION PRECEDENT OR CONDITION
ANTECEDENT) ONE THE FULFILLMENT OF WHICH WILL GIVE RISE TO AN
OBLIGATION (OR RIGHT); THE DEMANDABILITY OF THE OBLIGATION IS
SUSPENDED UNTIL THE HAPPENING OF THE UNCERTAIN EVENT WHICH
CONSTITUTES THE CONDITION
TENDER OF PAYMENT THE ACT ON THE PART OF THE DEBTOR, OF OFFERING
TO THE CREDITOR THE THING OR AMOUNT DUE.
TOTAL COMPENSATION WHEN BOTH OBLIGATIONS ARE OF THE SAME
AMOUNT AND ARE ENTIRELY EXTINGUISHED
TOTAL OR EXTINCTIVE NOVATION WHEN THE OLD OBLIGATION IS
COMPLETELY EXTINGUISHED
UNILATERAL OBLIGATION WHEN ONLY ONE PARTY IS OBLIGED TO
COMPLY WITH A PRESTATION
USURY CONTRACTING FOR OR RECEIVING IN EXCESS OF THE AMOUNT
ALLOWED BY LAW FOR THE LOAN OR USE OF MONEY, GOODS, CHATTELS OR
CREDITS
VENUE THE PLACE WHERE A COURT SUIT OR ACTION MUST BE FILED OR
INSTITUTED
VOLUNTARY COMPENSATION WHEN IT TAKES PLACE BY THE AGREEMENT
OF THE PARTIES

WRONG AN ACT OR OMISSION OF ONE PARTY IN VIOLATION OF THE

LEGAL RIGHT OR RIGHTS OF ANOTHER; ALSO, INJURY.