Palpitasi

Pendahuluan

Etiologi

Red flag

Diskusi

Jika terasa mengganngu aktivitas sebaiknya cek, menyingkirkan yang berat lebih baik daripada
menganggap ringan tapi ternyata serious.

What to do

Rick Ansorge . https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/guide/what-causes-heart-palpitationsm

. Palpitations make you feel like your heart is beating too hard or too fast, skipping a beat, or
fluttering. You may notice heart palpitations in your chest, throat, or neck.

They can be bothersome or frightening. They usually aren't serious or harmful, though, and
often go away on their own. Most of the time, they're caused by stress and anxiety, or
because you’ve had too much caffeine, nicotine, or alcohol. They can also happen when
you’re pregnant.

In rare cases, palpitations can be a sign of a more serious heart condition. If you have heart
palpitations, see your doctor. Get immediate medical attention if they come with:

 Shortness of breath
 Dizziness
 Chest pain
 Fainting

After your doctor takes your medical history and looks you over, they may order tests to find
the cause. If they find one, the right treatment can reduce or get rid of the palpitations.

If there’s no underlying cause, lifestyle changes can help, including stress management.

Causes
There can be many. Usually, palpitations are either related to your heart or the cause is
unknown. Non-heart-related causes include:

 Strong emotions like anxiety, fear, or stress. They often happen during panic attacks.
 Vigorous physical activity
 Caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, or illegal drugs such as cocaine and amphetamines
 Medical conditions, including thyroid disease, a low blood sugar level, anemia, low blood
pressure, fever, and dehydration
 Hormonal changes during menstruation, pregnancy, or just before menopause. Sometimes,
palpitations during pregnancy are signs of anemia.
 Medications, including diet pills, decongestants, asthma inhalers, and some drugs used to
prevent arrhythmias (a serious heart rhythm problem) or treat an underactive thyroid
  Some herbal and nutritional supplements
 Abnormal electrolyte levels

Some people have palpitations after heavy meals rich in carbohydrates, sugar, or fat.
Sometimes, eating foods with a lot of monosodium glutamate (MSG), nitrates, or sodium can
bring them on, too.

If you have heart palpitations after eating certain foods, it could be due to food sensitivity.
Keeping a food diary can help you figure out which foods to avoid.

They can also be related to heart disease. When they are, they’re more likely to represent
arrhythmia. Heart conditions tied to palpitations include:

 Prior heart attack

 Coronary artery disease
 Heart failure
 Heart valve problems
 Heart muscle problems

At the Doctor’s Office

Your doctor will:

 Give you a physical exam

 Take down your medical history
 Want to know about your current medications, diet, and lifestyle
 Ask for specifics about when, how often, and under what circumstances your palpitations
occur

Sometimes, a blood test can help your doctor find the cause of your palpitations. Other useful
tests include:

Electrocardiogram(EKG): This can be done while you’re at rest or exercising. The latter is
called a stress EKG. In both cases, the test records your heart's electrical signals and can find
unusual heart rhythms.

Holter monitoring: You’ll wear a monitor on your chest. It continuously records your heart's
electrical signals for 24 to 48 hours. It can identify rhythm differences that weren't picked up
during an EKG.

Event recording: You’ll wear a device on your chest and use a handheld gadget to record
your heart's electrical signals when symptoms occur.

Chest X-ray: Your doctor will check for changes in your lungs that could come from heart
problems. For example, if they find fluid in your lungs, it may come from heart failure.

Echocardiogram: This is an ultrasound of your heart. It provides detailed information about

its structure and function.

If necessary, your doctor may refer you to a cardiologist for more tests or treatment.
Treatment
This depends on their cause. Often, palpitations are harmless and go away on their own. In
that case, no treatment is needed.

If your doctor doesn't find a cause, they may advise you to avoid the things that might trigger
the palpitations. Strategies may include:

Ease anxiety and stress. Leave a stressful situation and try to be calm. Anxiety, stress, fear,
or panic can cause palpitations. Other common ways to stay calm include:

 Relaxation exercises
 Yoga
 Tai chi
 Biofeedback
 Guided imagery
 Aromatherapy

Cut out certain foods, beverages, and other substances. These may include:

 Alcohol
 Nicotine
 Caffeine
 Illegal drugs

Avoid medications that act as stimulants. You may have to steer clear of:

 Cough and cold medicines

 Certain herbal and nutritional supplements

If lifestyle changes don’t help, you may be prescribed medications. In some cases, these will
be beta-blockers or calcium-channel blockers.

If your doctor finds a reason for your palpitations, they will focus on treating that reason.

If they’re caused by a medication, your doctor will try to find a different treatment.

If they represent an arrhythmia, you may get medications or procedures. You may also be
referred to a heart rhythm specialist known as an electrophysiologist.

Follow Up
Make sure to check in with your doctor. Often, palpitations aren’t serious, but they can be
related to abnormal heart valves, heart rhythm problems, or panic attacks.

Always call a doctor if palpitations change in nature or increase suddenly.

Go to nearest healthcare if your palpitations:

  Dizziness
 Confusion
 Lightheadedness
 Passing out
 Shortness of breath
 Pain, pressure, or tightness in the chest, neck, jaw, arms, or upper back

Show Sources

Share on Facebook

Share on Twitter

Share on Pinterest

Email

© 2021 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved. View privacy policy and trust info

By clicking "Subscribe," I agree to the WebMD Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy. I also agree
to receive emails from WebMD and I understand that I may opt out of WebMD subscriptions at any
time.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK436016/

Palpitations are one of the more common complaints of patients who presented to emergency
departments, primary care providers, or cardiologists. In one study, it was estimated that 16% of
patients presenting to their primary care provider reported palpitations. The word palpitation is
defined as a rapid pulsation, an abnormally rapid or irregular beating of the heart. Palpitations are a
sensory symptom and are often described as a skipped beat, rapid fluttering in the chest, pounding
sensation in the chest or neck, or a flip-flopping in the chest.  Palpitations are nonspecific and can be
a symptom or a diagnosis.  While the cause of palpitations is most commonly benign, they may be a
sign of a life-threatening condition.

he cardiac etiologies of palpitations are the most life-threatening and include ventricular sources
(premature ventricular contractions, ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation), atrial
sources (atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter) high output states (anemia, AV fistula, Paget's disease or
pregnancy), structural abnormalities (congenital heart disease cardiomegaly, aortic aneurysm, or
acute left ventricular failure), and miscellaneous sources (postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome
POTS, Brugada syndrome, and sinus tachycardia).[1][2]

A complete and detailed history and physical examination are two essential elements of the
evaluation of a patient with palpitations. The key components of a detailed history include, age of
onset, description of the symptoms including rhythm, situations that commonly result in the
symptoms, mode of onset (rapid or gradual), duration of symptoms, factors that relieve symptoms
(rest, Valsalva), positions and other associated symptoms such as chest pain, lightheadedness or
syncope. A patient can tap out the rhythm to help demonstrate if they are not currently
experiencing the symptoms. The patient should be questioned regarding all medications, including
over the counter medications. Social history, including exercise habits, caffeine consumption,
alcohol, and illicit drug use, should also be determined. Also, past medical history and family history
may provide indications to the etiology of the palpitations
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/palpitations

https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-stop-heart-palpitations

https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/how-to-lower-your-heart-rate