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    98.learn Russian The Fast and Fun Way

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    Learn Russian

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    98.Learn Russian the Fast and Fun Way

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    98.learn Russian The Fast and Fun Way

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    [EEUU O Nis! LEARN RUSSIAN THE FAST AND FUN WAY The activity kit that makes learning a language quick and easy! Complete with maps, puzzles, vocabulary cards, and quizz Hundreds of amusing color illustrations help you learn more in less time! Special feature: Pull-out bilingual dictionary with most-used words and phrases Premieri2 by Thomas R. Beyer, Jr., Ph.D. Gap Barron's Educational Series, Inc, Pronunciation_______. - z HOW ARE WE DOING? ...... 124 The Russian Alphabet............6 6 GETTING TO KNOW PEOPLE & ATTHESTORE 130. 1_Let’s Get Acquainted & — 16 Clothing, Sizes, Colors............ 130 ARRIVAL ay WE_The Supermarket... 36 — 18 Drugstore/Phat . 143 2_Where to Spend the Night.......... 2 Ig Cleat PLACES OF INTEREST....... 29 20_Beauty Salon/Barber Shop... 153 3. How to Get There (on Foot)........ 29 21 The Newsstand/Stationery Goods! 4 Mcans of Transportation/How to Get Office Supplies.........-. -- 158 HNC. vevevveseve 22_lewelry Articles/Watches 162 14 Breakfast, Lunch/Dinner, ,Suppet IS The RestauranvTips . © Copyright 1993 by Barron's Educational Series, Inc. All rights reserved. [No-part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by hotostat, microfilm, xerography. or any ether means, or incorporated into any information retrieval system, clectronic of mechanical, without the written permission ‘of the copyright owner. Alt inquiries should be ackdressed Barron's Educational Series. Inc 250 Wireless Boulevard Hauppauge. New York 11788 International Standard Book No. 0-8120-4846-6 Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 92-28052 Caver and Book Design Milton Glaser, Ine. Miustrations Jean Suarex PRINTED IN CHINA, 1S 1413 12 fis, wenirs, Records, Cameras. 167° 24 Repair Services: Eyeplasses, Shoes .. 173 ESSENTIAL SERVICES... 176 28 Doctor, "Dents Hospital 192 29 Help!........ 2 BEFORE YOU LEAVE ........ 204 VOCABULARY CARDS....... 2/3 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Beyer, Thomas R. Learm Russian tbe fast and fun way: the activity kit that makes learning a language quick and easy! / by ‘Thomas R. Beyer, I P ‘em. ISBN 0-8120-s846-6 1 Russian language—Self-instruction. 2, Russian language—Texibooks for forcign speakers—English. L Tithe. PG2125.B46 1993 92-28082 491,782'421—8c20 cP For Dorothea, Carina, Stefanie and Alexandra. With gratitude to all my Russian friends, to Russia (Pocens), even after the breakup: of the Soviet Union in 1991, has emerged as still the largest country in the world, occupying almost one-sixth of our planet’s land mass. The vast expanses of Russia cover eleven separate time zones on two continents: Europe and Asia. Russia and ten other former republics of the U.S.S.R. are now sovereign states or countries that have united in a loosely knit Commonwealth of Independent States (Coypyxectso Hesasncumerm Tocygapers). Russia has approximately 150 million people, almost half of the inhabitants of the former Soviet Union. All are citizens of Russia (poccuane), and many are ethnic Russians (pyeckne). Russia, however, is a multinational state and home to over one hundred nationalities and languages. The Russian language was a mandatory subject in Soviet schools and almost all of the 280 million people inhabiting the former republics know and speak Russian, either as their native or second language. In fact, a Georgian who wishes to speak with an Uzbek is likely to use Russian for communication. While English and other languages are now gaining popularity, Russian will remain, for at least a generation, the one mutually understandable language for those who live in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan and the countries not part of the Commonwealth, Estonia, Georgia, Latvia, and Lithuania. Knowing Russian can open up a window onto a fascinating and enchanting nation, from the fairytale cupolas of Saint Basil's Cathedral to the majesty and power of Red Square and the Kremlin. Moscow, Russia's capital, is home to more than eight and one-half million people and the world-renowned Bolshoi Ballet. Far to the north, Saint Petersburg, capital to the tsars from Peter the Great until Nicholas Il, offers a marvelous blend of picturesque architecture highlighted by the White Nights of summer. Here too are the glorious palaces—the magnificent Winter Palace and Hermitage Art Museum. Russians take great pride in their culture: and country and they appreciate the efforts of those who try to speak their language. For many, the Russian alphabet is a major stumbling block to getting to know the country and its people better. With our Fast and Fun Way you'll be reading the signs and ready to talk with real Russians in just a matter of days. When you do get an opportunity to use your new language skills, you'll notice that your efforts will be truly rewarded. So let's begin! I PRONUNCIATION You know you're in Russia when the simple sign for a restaurant looks like PECTOPAH. Actually, the Ru: alphabet has only a few more letters than English. But to get started, look at the list below. Read aloud the pronunciation in the first column and then look at the Russian letters in the middle column. At the far right you will see the translation, and you'll be pleasantly surprised to learn how many of them you already know. After the first three words we'll add only one new letter per word. Pronunciation Russian English DA aA yes NYET HET no BANK BAHK bank BAR BAP bar PARK TIAPK park KAsa KACCA cashier taKSI TAKCH taxi KiOSK KHOCK kiosk, newsstand kaFE KA®E café buF YET BY®ET buffet, snack bar miTRO METPO metro, subway maskVA MOCKBA Moscow aeraPORT A3PONOPT airport aeraFLOT AIPOOIOT Aeroflot ZAL 3A hall FKHOT Bxou entrance V¥khat BBIXOJ exit TSENTR WEHTP center byuRO BHOPO bureau gardiROP TAPIIEPOB garderobe, coat check POCHta NOYTA post office RYAT Pad row STOYtye CTORTE Stand! aye kuRIT" HE KYPHTb No Smoking bal’ SHOY BOIbIOK the Bolshoi, big ZHENski JKEHCKHEL ladies’ (room) muSHKOY MYXCKOM men’s (room) yiSCHO EWE more, else 2 i Now that you have seen most of the Russian letters, let's look at the whole system. What we commonly cal] the Russian alphabet is officially known as the Cyrillic alphabet. The Russians adopied the Cyrillic alphabet created in the ninth century when the monks Cyril and Methodius developed a written language for the Slavs. The Cyrillic alphabet has thirty-three letters and has much in common with the Greek alphabet. As you have seen, many letters are familiar to you from English and several others resemble Greek letters. As in English, each letter is only an approximation of how a sound is pronounced. The guide below should get you started in speaking Russian. VOWELS Russian has five vowel sounds, but ten vowel letters. Five of the letters are “hard” and five are “soft.” The one vowel sound in each word that is stressed receives special emphasis. As you speak Russian, try in the beginning to exaggerate your pronunciation. Russian English Letter Russian Sound Symbol Example Hard Vowels a aas in father A aa DA 3 as in echo E axo Ekho oI y as in hairy Y Mo MY o oas in hello oO no NO y was in rule U ny NU Soft Vowels. A ya as in yahoo YA a vA e ye as in yes YE net NYET a ec as in bee 1 wpa Jva é yo as in yo-yo YO noxét paLYOT ny was in union YU yomop YUmar INANT LETTERS Russian English Letter Russian Sound ‘Symbol Example bas in bat B 6amx BANK B vas in vote v sot VOT c gas in go G roa GOL a das in dog D ma DA * zh as in azure ZH mena = zhiNA 3 Zas in 200 Zz 3a ZA a yas in boy Y MoH MOY K kas in kayak K Kacca KAsa a Tas in lot L gamma LAMpa M mas in mall M Myx =MUSH a Mas in note N noc NOS o Pas in papa P mapk PARK P ras in rabbit R por ROT c Sas in sun Ss cyn SUP T tas in toe T Taken taKSI b fas in fund F tbyet FUNT x ch as in Bach, loch KH ax AKH 4 ts as in tsar TS maps TSAR" 4 ch as in cheap CH suraet chiTAyit om sh as in show SH manka SHAPka by sh as in sheep SCH mua SCHI b hard sign hot pronounced b soft sign not pronounced STRESS Each Russian word has only one syllable that is stressed or under accent. Russians simply know where the stress is and do not write the accent marks. We will indicate the stressed syllable in our transcription with capital letters as an aid for your pronunciation. THREE RULES OF PRONUNCIATION 1. Russians pronounce the o sound only when it is stressed. When some other vowel is stressed in a word, the letter o is pronounced as an a Kor (KOT) but Kora (ka7A). When the letters e, and sometimes a are not stressed, they are pronounced as i in the English word “it.” 2. Consonants can be hard ay (NU) or soft wet (NYET). The soft n is like the sound in the word “onion.” A consonant is hard unless it is followed by a soft vowel letter a, e, m, é, #0 or by the soft sign ». 3. At the end of a word, or before voiced consonants, 6, B, r, A, , and 3, become their voiceless counterparts, 6—-n, B—-th, [—K, 1 —>T, KM, 3+. Examples: ron—GOT, Ga6—-BAF, wor—NOK, astomat—>afiaMAT, poaka—»VOTka. Now look at the following Russian signs and see if you can write their meanings in the blanks. 1. CYBEHHPbI TENIE®OH PECTOPAH TYANET TEATP a ee ANSWERS YALLWAHLL ‘Ss OMA TION WOOWLSSY "b LNVANVLSAY"€ SNOHda TAL‘? SYINSANOS ‘T 5 THE RUSSIAN ALPHABET Now that we know how to pronounce Russian letters and words, it's time to learn how to recognize the letters of the alphabet and to write them. As in English, Russian has printed or block letters and script or italic letters. One major difference, however, is that Russians do not print. So while you want to be able to recognize both sets of letters, you'll want to use the script letters when you write. Below is the Russian alphabet in its alphabetical order. Next to it we have” given the English. Finally, there are spaces for you to try your hand at writing Russian. Ma Dy pa Od Ee Ce Ye ye Va Eé ée Yo yo py Ke He ne Zh zh pp gh Hn Le li Lai 5 Le ¥y yy Kx bn Kk As a As LI aL Cheh Sh sh Sch sch ch te Ch ch bh she bh ach Cx Ry GETTING TO KNOW PEOPLE (znaKOMSTva) SHaKOMCTBO (davavtyey {parnaKOmimsyay Tasatire no3HakKOMHMcs. Ler'sGet Acquainted, om. (oP \ Ste Knowing how to greet people and start a conversation is very important. Read the following dialogue several times, pronouncing each line carefully aloud. The dialogue contains basic words and expressions that will be useful to you. Mark Smith, his wife, Caroline, their daughter, Stephanie, and their son, Alex, have just arrived at [epemetbeso (Sheremetevo) airport in Moeksa (Moscow) and are looking for their luggage. Mark approaches an airline employee. (ZDRAST vuytve) MARK ‘Sppascreyirre. Hello. CLERK Snpascrsyitre. Hello. (paMOCH) Kax 5am nomown? How may I help you? (GDYE) (NAshi) (chimaDAny) MARK The nam wemojansi? Where are our suitcases? (saVUT} CLERK ‘Kax pac 30nyr? ‘What is your name? (miNYA) MARK. ‘Meua sonyt “Mark Smith.” My name is Mark Smith. 8 CLERK MARK CLERK MARK (aiKUday Orxyza Bei? (YA) (1S) (SA SHA.AD 4 m3 CHA, (Omir) (VAshivad (RYEYsa) Homep sawero peiica? Aapodpaor 62, ‘Where are you from? I'm from the USA. Your flight number? Aeroflot 62. As the clerk looks through some papers on her desk, Hisau (Ivan), Mark's host in Moscow, approaches. MBAH MARK MBAH MARK MBAH MARK CLERK MARK CLERK MARK CLERK MBAH (river) (dibay Tipueet, Mapx. Kax pena? tkharaSHO) — (spaStbay Xopomo, cnacu6o. ¢a¥L) (pai Yor} Kax 6201 sam monét? (mas) (sine) Bor moa cema, (ehiNA) Moa 2KeHa. (Qchin') (pritTra} ‘UpasTHo. (DOCH) Maro pouxa (SYN) Mw ChIn. izviNtye) —(paZHAlusia) , HOKaNyficra. Bann 4emoganet (aSTAUs") ocranuct B Bawuurrone. (UPYER') (OYEtar') A Temepe 4TO HaM JenaTs: (val UY tyes") He sosnyiirecs. YaNl) ¢BUdyt) Oun Gynyt 5 Mockse Zaria} (LUehe) (POZna) (CHEM) (nitagDAy MOSAHO, TEM HEKOTAA. tPRAvy) Bet mpassi. (paSHL) Hy noua. Hi, Mark. How are things? Fine, thanks. How was your flight? Here is my family, my wife A pleasure to meet you. And here are my daughter and son. Excuse me, please. ‘Your suitcases stayed behind in Washington. And now what are we to do? Don't worry. ‘They'll be in Moscow tomorrow. Better late than never. ‘Well, let’s get going. (da) (sviDAniya) MARK CLERK Mo conzanua. Goodbye. Goodbye. Now here is your first exercise based on the dialogue you have practiced. Try to match the Russian expressions from the dialogue with their English equivalents. No peeking until you've tried. 1. Xopomo, cnacu6o. 2. Sapascrsyiire. 3. Kax pam momo? 4. Ilo cannanns. 5. He nonuyiirecs. 6. Kak Bac 30ByT? 7. Hy, oman. 8. Jlyume no3zqno, tem HuKorsja. 9. Haeunute, noxanyiicra. 10, Ovens opuatuo. Vor 26 2°83 ANSWERS es 3 se We PT sume FR op ap ee Don't worry. What's your name? Better late than never. Fine, thanks. Excuse me, please. How may I help you? Goodbye. Hello. A pleasure (to meet you). ‘Well, Iet’s get going. (yudi) (i) (V¥Eschip 000 HW BED People and Things One of the first things you'll have to know in Russian is how to name people and things. These are the nouns, the naming words. Russian nouns belong to one of three grammatical genders. They can be masculine, feminine, or neuter, and you can usually tell the gender of a noun by the ending. Masculine nouns end in a consonant. Feminine nouns end in a or 2. Neuter nouns end in o or e. Some nouns end in the soft sign &; most of these are feminine except for ones ending in -ens, which are masculine. The gender is only a grammatical category. The Russian (STUL) (rikAD ois word for chair, ery, is masculine. River, peka, is feminine. A letter, pata is neuter, English forms the plural by adding the letter s (es) to the end of a word. Russian plurals can be formed by ending bt (m) or a (a). (stuDYENT) (stu YEN) If the noun ends in a consonant, add b1 to the ending, eryqemT— cryqenrei. {KOMnaia) —_(KOMnaty) If the noun ends in a, replace the a with BI, KOMHaTa— KOMHATEI. (FyOMa) _ (TOR) If the noun ends in the soft sign & or the letter #, add u, Téta—-TéTH. (pirMO) —(PIS'ma) For neuter nouns that end in o, change the o to a, IMcbMO—mHcbMa. (ZDAnive) _ (2DAniya} If the ending was e change that e to #, 3]aHHe—3/,aHHA. Russian has only a few spelling rules. One of them is as follows: after the letters r, Ky X,%, MH, HI, *, you may not write the letter Br. Instead, you must write an 4. (MALehik) —(MAL'chikt), (SMUD YENTha) —_(stuDYENTEI) EXAMPLE: MANBYHK—>M@IbYHKH, CTYJCHTKA— CTYTCHTKH Singular and Plural (yiDINSTeinaye) —_(cflSLO) (MNO-hirrvinaye) ——_(chiSLO) e]HHCTREHHOE 4HCIO MHOKECTBCHHOE 4HCIO singular number plural number (sTOL fsmaky) Ton TOMEI ‘able tables vi eQHHCTBEHHOE YHCIO tasTObus) (LAMpa) aamna (gaZ¥E ta) (MAL‘chiky MaIbGHK boy (D¥Evushkay nesyuika irl | (LAMpy) aaMmbi (gaZYEry) (MAL‘chikiy MAJIbYHKH boys @ (DYEvushti) aeByIKH irls (NOei) Horn legs ra BR eqHHCTBEHHOE 4HC10 MHOXKECTBEHHOE 4HCIO (pis’MO) (PIS‘ma) MHCEMO. MHChMa. letter letters (2DAniye) (2DAniya) Sanne syaHHa building buildings Before going on, review the above words and write them out in the blanks provided. Just as English has its “child” but “children,” “woman” but “women,” Russian has some plurals that simply should be learned. Here are a few of the most important ones. Repeat them to yourself and then write them out. (MAT ) tMariri) Mars marepH mother mothers (aTYETS) “aTSY) orey ‘OTHE father fathers 13 eqHECTBEHHO HCO MHOKECTBCHHOE THCIO (pocny (Ochi) TOu. jowepH daughter daughters (SYN) symaV"IA) BIH ChIHOREA son sons (riBYOnaky (DYEKi) peGinox gern child children Now, give the name of the famous Russian novel Fathers and Sons. (Hint: It was actually Fathers and Children. ) om aH) tty Se OH, OHa, OHO (4) he‘it ——sheit i Se We now know that Russian nouns are identified by their grammatical gender, Examine the following questions and answers. (GDYE) (afTObus) (ON) (TAM) Tye asrodyc? On tam. Where's the bus? It's over there. (GDYE) (STANtsiya) (miTROY feNA) (TAM) Tae cranqna Metpo? ‘Oua Tam. Where’s the Metro station? It’s over there (GDYE) (pis MO) (aN) (TAM) Tye muceMo? ‘Ono Tam. Where's the letter? It's over there. ANSWER Law HIT J9AON 14 (aNd) In the plural, all of the genders are replaced by only one form of the pronoun: oun. (GDYE) (gaZ¥Ety) faNE) (TAM) Tae raserei? Onn Tam Where are the newspapers? ‘They're over there. Now wy to fill in the blanks with the correct form of on, oHa, OHO, OHH. (GDYE) (sruDYENT) (amy Tae crynent? Tam. ‘Where's the student? there. (GDYE) (DYErtva) amy Tae aepeso? —_—__ oom. ‘Where's the tree? there. (GDYE) (KNiga} (amy Tae «unra? To. Where's the book? there. (GDYE) (WAblaka) amy Tye a6n0K0? —_____________ Tam. Where's the apple? there. (GDYE) (DYEti) mam) Tae gern? Tam. Where are the children? there. (GDYE) (Mama) mast Tae mama? Tam. Where's Mama? there. ANSWERS BHO*9 HHO"S OHO" FHOE CHOT HOTT ON 15 (GDYE) (DOM) (TAM) 7. Tye yom? TaM. Where's the house? there. (GDYE) (maskVA) (Tas) 8. Ine Mocxsa? Tam. ‘Where's Moscow? there. Let’s see how many Russian words you can write in the blanks below. Notice how Russians can ask questions with the following little words: kro (who), ate (what), rae (where). (Kio) (Era) (Eta) 1. Kro 310? 310 F , — Who is that? fas That's a student. (sHTO) 2. 4Yro ato? re What is that? That's a book. (GDYE) (vor) 3. Tae —_________? Bor on. Where is the house? Here it is! ANSWERS. WOM g WIM *Z LHAITALS *T FHO'S HO'L UNI 16 4. Tre ? Bor ona. Where is Moscow? Here it is! 5. Tae ? Bot ono. Where is the apple? Here it is! 6, Ige —__________? Bor omn. Where are the children? Here they are! 7 Tae Bor ono. Where is the tree? Here it is! Oa) (TY) (ON) MeN) (aN) (MY) WY) (aN , TbI, OH, OHA, OHO, MBI, BbI, OHH 1 you" belit “ —sherit it we you they ‘We use personal pronouns to relate to one another. Thus, they are essential if you are to understand and speak Russian. Keep your ears attuned for the word gb1, the polite form of addressing “you.” You'll answer with the form a, “1,” which is in fact the last letter of the Russian alphabet; it is only capitalized if it begins a sentence. The Tar, “you,” form is used between family members and friends, to animals, and between young people of similar ages. When in doubt, you'll be better off using Bbr so as not to offend anyone. ANSWERS ogedal*, Mial-9 oMOLOK'’S rEXDOW ‘Pp Uy ta 7 (NAski) (ROTSTviniti) HAM POJCTBEHHHKH Our Relatives This is Muan’s family tree. Note the word for each of his relatives. (maRlya) {anDRYEyevna) (sirGYEY) (alilSANdravich) Mapua Anppeesna Cepreit Anexcansposny (BAbushka) (D¥Edushka) Ga6ymKa meqyunKka grandmother grandfather (mithatt) — (sirGYByevich) (Ana) (piTROVna) (baRIS) (piTROvich) (VY Era} (sirGYEyerna) Muxann Cepreeana Anna Terposna Bopuc Netposwa Bepa Cepreesna (aTVETS) «war ) (D¥Adya) (Y0ne) oTen MaTb Aaa Teta father mother uncle (Nina) (miKHAYlavna) (vastly (miKHAYlavich) (Rina) (baRIsavna) (PYOTR) (baRtsavich) Hana Muxaiaosna § Bacuami Muxaitony = HUpana Bopucosna Mérp_Bopnconnt (Doc) (SYN) (dvaYUradnaya) (ava¥Uraday) ROU chi WBOIOpoAHaA cecTpa jBOrOpogHEI GpaT daughter ‘son female cousin male cousin (siSTRA) (BRAT) cectpa 6pat sister brother (VAN) (oi KHAYlavich) Mean Muxaiinoews 18 Find the following family members in the family tree and write in the relationship in the blank space. 1, Hawa— ——_____________ Bacnana. sister of 2. Bopuc Merposwa— Hit. uncle of 3. Mapua Angpeesna— _______________ Muxanaa Cepreesnua. mother of 4. Bacwanit Maxainopwy— — —$________________ Anni Ietposut. ‘son of 5. Cepreii Anekcannposuy— ————__________ Hui. grandfather of In the word search puzzle we have placed the words for “father, “grandfather,” and “sister.” See how many you can find. ‘aunt,” “uncle,” Each family is unique. Use the: spaces below to write out some of the Russian words you will need to describe your own family situation. Oran (stepfather), ma4exa (stepmother), maceinox (stepson), naguepnuga (stepdaughter), cBoqHan cectpa (stcpsister), ceoquers Spar (stepbrother) ANSWERS ndidas ‘exmAtel ‘KIB ‘KLaL ‘Malo Yysieas pro BNMAYAl'g HIS "p FENG BIRT Z Edis] AyuEy 19 Look at the Russian words below for an apartment. Repeat each of the words several times and then practice writing them in the spaces below. (dvarTiRA) KBAPTHPA ‘An Apartment (KUKHeya) (DVYER') (WAnaya) kyxn aBepb Bannan kitehen door ‘bathroom: \halaDTL' nk) (Ana) ‘XOJ00HALHHK Bana ‘refrigerator baheubs MduK HOF ka) (Rakavina) AyXOBKa PakosHHa ‘oven sink ¢gaSTinaya) (SPAL'nya) TocTuHaa cnaabHAa living room bedroom «aivAN) (SHKAF) aMBaH mad) sofa closet (STOL) (sTUL) (anon (hraar'y cron crya (kariDOR) OkHO KponaTb table chair kopHjop window bed hallway 20 ARRIVAL | (GDYE)— (nachivaT) ae ? (i bee HoueBaT? _ @® Where to Spend the Night You'll probably already have booked a room either in a hotel or with a private family from home — at least for your first few days in Russia. In fact, unless you have been invited by someone who will arrange for your accommodations, you should not leave home without a reservation. Even so, you'll want to know some basic words and phrases that describe the services and facilities you can expect to find. Learn these words first, and notice how they are used in the dialogues you will read later, (gaSTIniixay (NOmiry (STOimast’) HoMep cTOHMOCTD hotel room cant Wanayay (eabraN trav’) BaHHad 3a6pOHHpoBaTL bathroom to reserve (@iZHURnaya) (adminiSTRAtar) (GORnichnaya) newypHan a MHHHCTpaTop TopHrdHan key lady (floor clerk) administrator maid 21 (eisparty (KLYUCH) (uaeTy macnopt KAO4 amet Passport key elevator C2} (SKOL’ ta) CkonbKo? How much/many? The numbers are absolutely essential if you wish to get by in Russian. Take a look and try to pronounce the following numbers from one to ten. Then practice your writing in the spaces supplied. | Number Russian Pronunciation -—____- a - _ | 0 nyab OO NUL’ | 1 oquH ——————— aDIN 2 apa ——————————— DVA 3 Tpa TRI | 4 sereipe —— chiT¥rye 5 uate —_______ Pur 6 mecTs es SHEST’ | 7 ceMb —— SYEM’ 8 BoceMB ee VOsim’ 9 AenaTE ee DYEVit" 10 necaTh ————— DYEsir’ 22 Let’s see if you can fill in the blanks after the numerals with their correct names. Solve the: problems along the way. Note: Plus is maroc, Minus is mumye, Equals is Gyger. a 2 +s (maroc Pur) |= 3 _____ = Gyer avai 6& Ss =} (mmoc) 2 si=ss yer B. 6 (toc) 4_ = Syne rm 8 (Myc tiny) «= 7 Syne a 9 — (mmmye) 6s = Ss Gyner (Omir) (») (gaSTInitse) HOMEP B rOCTHHHUE ‘A.Room in the Hotel (SHKAF) (2YERkata) (LAMpa) (PAkavina} (palarYENtse) mxkad sepKano nama pakosnna moaoTenne chest of drawers mirror lamp sink towel (kraVar) - 7 (DUSH) Kpopats é A yun bed shower (paDUSHka) (WAna} noayiKka ‘BaHHa pillow ‘bathrub (aivany (ruc YET) AHBan (DVER') TyaneT sofa aeps toilet door ANSWERS WGL=4150M—41Kaor “HHO = 499 — 49908 “1 416990 = 3didiah + F193 “A IWOD= PAN + LKQ IK =HdL+ eM ‘eR sraquiny 23 (KAK)——(zadaVAT) (vaPROS) PAY Kak 3aJapaTb Bompoc ‘C) How-to ask a question = Just like English, Russian has a few essential question words. [f most of ours begin with who, when, where, what, the Russian question words have KTO, Korma, Kyfa and words derived from those forms, like rae and ¥To. Look at the words below and repeat them aloud several times. When you feel comfortable that you know them, try writing them out. Russian word Pronunciation | English Kro KTO Who Korga kagDA When | Kyna kuDA Where to Tae GDYE Where | aro SHTO What Kax KAK How | (CkombKo SKOL'ka How much, how many ‘We hope that everything will be perfect, but if something is out of order you may need the following phrases. (SHTO) (Eta) (NYE}(raBOiait) UYto ato? ~__________ He paGoraer. ‘What is this? doesn’t work, Can you get the following items repaired? 1. Yro ste? 3ro zanna. sme paGoraer. ANSWER ‘Laptoged on euwelly sayeday 24 i 2. “ro aro? ro teresmop. ne paGotaer. 3. Uresre? 3ro zym. ne paGoraer. Let's watch the Smith family check into their hotel. Look at the words carefully and then try to read them aloud to practice your pronunciation. MARK Sapasctayiire. Hello. {eabraNtravalip aa ‘We reserved two. (NOmira) (siV@dnyay HOMepa Ha ceroqua. rooms for today. (DObray Ut CLERK So6poe yrpo. Good morning. faM Hiya) Kax sama What's your last name? MARK Mena 30nyt Mapx Cour. My name is Mark Smith. (gaspaDIN) CLERK la, rocnogun Cun. ‘Yes, Mister Smith. [DU shem) Tea nomepa c ayuien. ‘Two rooms with a shower. (sazhal¥Eniyu) tadNOM) COMANCHHIO, B ONHOM Unfortunately, in one HoMepe Ayu He pagoTaer. room the shower isn't working. hiVO) MARK Hirsero. Mui ace Gypen It doesn’t matter. We'll all (priniMAT’) (dndGOM) yl B Apyrom HoMepe. take a shower in the other room. ‘CLERK Xopomo. Ho ecrs emyé Fine. But there is still (MAlinikaya) — (praBLYEma) MaleHLKad opoGiema. one small problem. (mina) MARK ‘to mMeHHO? ‘What exactly? ANSWERS “zeeLoged an maf *g = Lae.ogrd an dornaavay.*z sareday 25 CLERK MARK (to Caroline) CAROLINE CLERK MARK CLERK MARK CLERK CAROLINA CLERK MARK. CLERK B apyrom nomepe (akNO) —_(atlryVAissa) OKHO He OTKpsIBaeTCA. (DYEtar’) Yro Gyyem jeaaTe? (DYEW (uSTAL) Mlosguo. Jets ycram. (SvaBODaykh} d Her caoGojxHpm Homepos Bo Eceit Mocxee. (daWAYye) (aSTAnimsya) (2D¥ES') Ocranemca 37ech. a TA) Xopomo. Bam facnopra, (paZHAlaysta) (naSCHOT) Bor oun. A kak wacsér (ZAP traka) 3aBTpaKa? (bu YEtye) Saprpax B Gytbere (chiSOF) B ROCeMb 4acoB. (prapaska (KLYUCH) Ame uno? (shiSTON) (ctaZHE) Ha wiectom aTaxe. Homep 615. (SKAzhirye) Bui we cxamete, «IFT) rae ite) (PRYAMA) mpaMO, (paTOM) {naPRAva) 4 NOTOM Hanpano. (spaSiba) (bal SHOye) Cascnto Somaoe. Mlomanyiicra. In the other room the window doesn’t open. What shall we do? It’s late. The children are tired. ‘There are no available rooms in all of Moscow. stay here. Fine. Your passports, Please. Here they are. And how about breakfast? Breakfast is served in the snack bar at 8:00 aM. Here are: your passes, * And where is the key? On the sixth floor. Room 615. Could you tell me where the elevator is? Go straight ahead, and then to the right. Thank you very much. ‘You're welcome. * In most Russian hotels you will receive a mpomyex (hotel pass) which you must show to the doorman and to your key lady. The key lady on your floor will give you your key and collect it when you leave the room. 26 After you have reviewed the dialogue a few times, sce if you can fill in the blanks with the correct Russian words. 1. Bama —________ , moxaayiicra. 2. Ho ecrs eué ogna Manenbkas ——— 3. ________ ne orxppimaerca, Le 4. AxaKx saprpaxa? 5. [lanairre ayecb. (BVA) (SL Ova) Jipa cnopa Two words If you want to make friends and get along with people on your trip, you will want to learn and use these two little words. (spaStba) (pa2HtAluysia) enacn6o noxanyicra* thank you please, you're welcome * This word can mean either “please” or “you're welcome,” according to the situation. ANSWERS WOWOHELIO"S LahRH*f OHNO "Ee EBWoWgodu-z eidoueU-] UF IA 27 Circle these important words along with five other words related to your hotel stay in the word maze below. (HINT: Look for the Russian words for please, thank you, elevator, passport, key, key lady, toilet.) ANSWERS. Loum wendésxar ‘hour ‘adouseu subir tognaeus ‘waayAWEKOU aZeu p40yy 28 PLACES OF INTEREST 4 AocronpamMeyaTerbHOCTH = Kak tTyja npoirn? How to Get There (om Foot) “How do I get to. ..?” “Where is the nearest subway?” “Is the museum straight ahead?” You'll be asking directions and getting answers wherever you travel. Get to know the words and phrases that will make getting around easier. Write in the new words and say them aloud several times. (Uiltsay YJIHLA. Street Caroline and Mark have just left (PRYAMa) their hotel for their first morning mpamo of sightseeing. straight Although they have a map of the city (PLAN) (GOrada) (man ropoma), they decide to try out their new Russian skills and ask the policeman on the corner for (naL¥Eva) directions. wanes QB MARK. tepatcersn tothe left Hssaunrte. Tye (muZYEY) (rival ¥Utsiya) Museum of the Revotution thaPRAva) BD MHLOHE? eric tothe right (iDitye) (pe) (Etay) (Uiltse) igure no 91oit yanue Go along this street 29 (PLOschat’) naomane ity square (POCHia) moura post office (oiriRYOStak) mepekpéctox intersection ha Ve (da) (svitaFOra) ——(paTOM) (nal¥Era) BO cBeTOdopa, HOTOM Hanes until the traffic signal, then to the left a (svitaFOR) o (4a) (WGGLA) (TAM) (pavieNitye) —_(naPRAva} cBeTodop mo yraa. Tam traffic light {0 the comer. There you turn to the right. liDliye) (DAL'she) (i) (PYEFih (VAmi} Manre aaapue 4 nepey Bam Go a bit farther and in frot of you (Udi) (muZYEY) OyqeT My3zeH. will be the museum. CAROLINE Cnacnéo. MHJIMUMOHEP Moxaayicra. (GDYE) (MY) Tye mui? Where are we? (sTOL) (KOSHa) eroa —____ ‘wKOUIKA table cat Look at the words and phrases used in Russian to describe location. Write out each of these important little words. Notice that the noun for “table” has different endings according to the prepositions that precede it. You will not need to learn all of these endings. Pay closer attention to the highlighted forms. (ZAM (staLOM) (PYEritN (s1aLOM) (WA) (s1aL¥E) had roman mepey cronom ™ Tone infront of 30 (U) (sta) (Okalay (staLA) aaa (OT) (stab A) y croma enone eroaa /AAAeKOOT crona ane faraway ry Now take a look at the manbumk (boy) and the 40m (house). Can you write in the proper words to locate him? ® @ tm Ll. 4 5. 6. wy TO) ITO HH TO ‘This or that You can do lots of things in Russian by using your finger to point and these two little words. Let’s try it for fun. Fill in the blanks with the correct response. (taaTiye) 1, Bet xorure 910 4H T0? —_______ , nowanyiicta. Would you like this one or that one? This one, please. (pritpachiTAinye} 2. Bei mpeqnowrraere 370 nan TO? 7, momanyiicta. Do you prefer this one or that one? That one, please. ANSWERS. Olt WET yey], 10 sip, OLoxo "9 «LOONaIRI gs Rntp A*g Madou'z vey Oa 31 oN (NUZHaiye) (slaty Gy Hy2xuble cnosa a Necessary words: (TSERkaf") Write: the Russian words in the space provided and say them aloud. mepKOBb (kino) (magaZiN) (BANK) ear ‘KHHO Mara3HH 6ank se honk (Uitsa) (maSH¥na) (api ¥Ekay (KiOSK) yanua MalHHa anteKa KHOCK street car Pharmacy kiosk TH (pishKOM) MyTH nemkom ‘Coming and going (oa foot) Russian verbs have endings to indicate who is performing the action. Remember back to the personal pronouns and look at the following table. Then write out the expressions in the blanks. Note: Russians use the same word for “Coming” and “Going!” a May Tam ging ‘TRI HELE ee you are going onouawsér he/she is going MbI HEM. eres we are going BbI HLeTe ns you are going oun nay they are going 32 (GDYE) (ili) (kubA) Tye nam Kya Where or where to We have already scen examples of the ending of a noun changing because of a preposition. ‘We say the noun is in a specific case. The nominative (naming) case is the form of a noun found in dictionaries and word lists. Russian has six cases. To express location, Russians use the prepositional or the accusative case. In answer to the question «I'qe2» (““Where?") Russians use the preposition B (in) or 1a (at) plus the prepositional case, which for most nouns has the ending e. Tye Mama? Oua B Mara3zHHe. Tye mama? Ons Ganwe, Tae Mean? J __ Ons antexe. Tae Mpwwa? Oua na noute. In answer to the question «Kya?» (“Where to?”), Russians reply with the preposition B (in) or wa (at) plus the accusative case. The accusative endings for masculine and neuter nouns are the same as the nominative. For feminine nouns, those that end in a will have the accusative case ending y, those ending in 2 will end in ro. Kyna agér Mama? —___ (Ona 4JéT B MaraanH. Kya wgét mama? __ On wnét 5 Gan. Kyna rer wyémm? A wyy B amrexy. Kyna sur maére? | Mas ge na nonry. That's an awful lot to learn. Go back over the section above and practice writing out in the spaces provided the new words and phrases. Then let’s see if you can fill in the blanks below. (GOrat) \(dalZHNA) 1. Tiama w# Mama ropog. 2. Mama yomxna nolitw are going hasta go to the bank. ANSWERS wHRg az LAMM TUN TILT 33 3. Mana ngér is going 5. Mpa 4 nana wayT namoury. 4. Tam athe post office 6. Mama ye toa sore at the store, {raOtait) pa6oraet Hpuna. works ANSWERS, “OHNERIEN 4 °9 HHERIEN GS JLhOU RH p IQtM-g ULI 34 (vidyy (TRAN sparta) (RAK) (DAY (pra¥VEKhar') ee Bagel tpancnopra/ Kak Tyga npoexaTL C | ‘Means of Transportation How to Get There (by Vehicle) You will certainly want to use the public transportation systems in Mocksa or Canxt-Merep6ypr (Saint Petersburg). The following dialogue contains some words and expressions you will find useful. Read the dialogue aloud several times to familiarize yourself with the meaning and pronunciation of the words. And don’t forget to take a ride on the Merpo. VEdinn) (takS1) CAROLINE ficenen wa raxcen qaaTR) B TeaTp. MARK Her. Comme (DOragay CAROLINE Kax nacuét metpo? Bro paobanp 7 usc 35 (nichiVO) —— (VIDna) MARK Ho nuero He BHIHO. Yes. But you can't see anything. fafTObusye) CAROLINE Should we take the bus? C (prikRASna) | MARK [pexpacuo! Y reGa. Splendid! Do you have | (biLYEDY) any tickets? I (kaNESHna) CAROLINE e y Mens ecrs. Of course. I have some. Ha aptoGyce (On the bus). (eyKHOditye) PASSENGER Bu Are you getting off? (s ) CAROLINE Her. Bui ne cxamere, No. Could you tell us, (SKOL'ka) fastaNOvak) CKONEKO ‘how many stops 40 Bommoro Teatpa? ‘until the Bolshoi Theater? (bal SHOY) (CHEris) PASSENGER Bommoi ‘Tearp wepes ‘The Bolshoi Theater Be OCTaHOBKH. comes after two stops. After listening to the conversation above you should be able to choose the correct answer and write it in the blank spaces. 1. Toenem —___n tearp. a. Ha apTobyce 6.HaMeTpO B. Ha TAaKcH 2. Her. Cawmmom — a.xopoulo 6. foporo — B. newéso 3. Enem _____ anro6yce? a.ua 6.uepes BB 4. Ber? a.cKaxeTe 6.¢feTe B. BLIXOMHTE 5. __________ reap 4epe3 ape ocraHosxu. a. Bosnuroli 6. Hamm B. mpeKpacutii ANSWERS, es ap Be OF ST UI 36 (KAK) (MY) (YEdimy Kak mpi e7em? How will we go? Look at the pictures below, repeat the phrases, and then write them in the blanks. (na) (1aKS1) (afTObusye) ‘Ha TAKCH Ha apTo6byce (miTRO) (inaSHYnye} Ha MeTpO Ha MamMHE (¥Ebhat') Exatn Coming and going (by vehicle) Do you remember the Russian verb warm meaning to come or go by foot? Russians use another verb, exars, if the act of coming or going takes place in a car, bus, train, etc. wx ny Lam going Ter é1emb —____________ youare going | ona/on éaeT CC she/he is going MBI éJeM —____________ we are going abl énere ——— ____—___ youare going onn éxyT Cs they are going 37 (GDYE) —(aNTy (uDAy (ant) (¥Edus) THE OHH? KYA OHH ELYT? eS Where Are They? ‘Whete Ate They Going? Myacinia B Mocxne. Kenna eqet B 2Kenuwua 5 Bamuurrone. * 798) ‘aaa. Maabunk 6 reatpe. Maqb4nk ener B Tearp. 7 Tesouxa na Ganere. rm Monojoit 4enonex 8 Kuno. Mesouxa ener na Ganer. Mo.a0,0i 4en0B8eK eneT LeU 4 B KKHO. Mesymna » Kpemne. 38 (CHEY) = (CHIN), (CHO) (CH) Yen, Una, Uné, Gbu You already know that Russian nouns can be masculine, feminine and neuter, and singular or plural. Some modifiers must agree with the noun. In the chart below you will see that the words for “mine, your, our” change according to the noun. Russians say: (MOY) (DOM) (ma¥A) (kvarTIna) (mia) (pis'MO} (ena 1) (DYECi) Moi OM, MOH KEapTHpa, Mot nara MOH JeTH my house my apartment = my my — chikdren ENGLISH MASCULINE FEMININE NEUTER — MoH Your TEOH TEOR TRO TeOH Her/His eé/ero eélero eélero eélero Our Hani nama name HalIH Your Baur nama Bame Bal Their x ux HX ux See how well you can do in filling in the missing modifiers: 1. 370 ______ komma. 2. 3ro ________ yanma. 3. ro ________ coGaxa, my cat ‘heir Street our dog 4. 370 __ cro. 5. 3t0 ______6aGyma. 6. 3ro ______ Gan. her ble your grandmother your (ph) bank ANSWERS med ‘9 KOHL *S 29 "p RMRH"G XH'Z BON] SuaypOW 39 7. ro ch. 8. 370 ___ se mammna. 9. Dro cry. tis son my car our chair 10. 3ro ___aGnoxo. 11. 3to _______ gern. 12. 3ro ________ no. your “apple her children their house Let's take a break. You've had a lot of information to absorb. See how much Russian you already know by trying your hand at the kpocesopy (crossword) Tio ropu30ntann Tio seprukann Across Down 1. They 2. No 3. Hotel 4. Excuse me 9. Policeman 5. Yes 10. Four 6. Room/number il. One 7. She 12. Museum 8. Five ANSWERS qb "g eHO', daWwOH'g ei"g SLMHHAEH "fp LOH 'Z +UMOg WoekW"Z_ HHO "TT adiaiah ‘9, danonnmrnwG eIHHHOLg HHO"] sssouay ayzzng XUZ_ Q2°T] QOH Oo] «mR "G «KON *g Ola "LZ SUALIPOYA, 40 (VRYE mya) (i) (CHista) XX Bpems 4 uncaa GC Time and Numbers (SKOL'ka) CxomnKo? How muctymany? The numbers are essential if you wish to get by in Russian. Do you remember the numbers from one to ten in Chapter 2? Let’s cover them again and write them out for practice along with ‘two new important words for telling time. Number Russian Pronunciation 1 0 nya Oe NUL’ 1 | one | aDIN 2 apa a DVA 3 TpH ee TRI 4 | ueTEIpe —_— chiTYye 5 | nATE rs PYAT | 6 mech —————— SHEST’ T ceMB ——— SYEM’ 8 BOCeME ee VOsim’ 9 AeBaTh ————___ DYEvit’ 10 wecaTh ee DYEsit’ FT OfMHHA ATS oe aDInatsat’ 12 qpenagyath OO dviNAtsat’ 4] (kaTOry) (siyCHAS) (CHAS) KOTOPBbIM CEM4AC 4AC? What Time Is It Now? Now you're ready to start telling time. Look at the clocks below. q 8 : (TOkio) New York (paRISH) Tokno apm ‘Tokyo Pais 7 (alaska) fmask¥A) Anacka Mocxsa Alaska Moscow B Toxno Ha Anscxe B Hao-Hopxe B Mocxne B Tapuxe AeBaTE 4acon. ‘TpH 4aca. BOCEMB 4aCcoB. ‘TPH 4aca. 4ac. In order to express the time, Russians use the number plus a form of the word “hour”—aae. For one o'clock, simply say 4ac (CHAS). After the numbers two, three, and four, say ¥aca (chiSA): (Ba 4aca, TpH 4aca, YeTBIpe Yaca. After the number five and through twenty use yacos (chiSOF): NATL 4acoB, IIECTL 4acoB, HT... Can you count around the clock? Try it just once. To add precision to your times you might want to add the words for “in the morning”—ytpa (u7RA), “in the afternoon”—qua (DNYA), “in the evening"—seyepa (VYEchira). ANSWERS a 4LemifeHoat “dO0Rh ILENLEHHNIO “dOORh TLKOOI ‘HOORh ILLEGAL “dOIth INDO" “AOI TWSS ‘dOIh VLAN “GOIh GLU *eIPh ddidOh ‘eIeh NUL EOLA PALE YD0I2) 42 thagDA) Korya? ‘When? Now that you can tell time, it’s easy to tell someone when or at what time something will or did happen, You simply add the preposition B before the time. Tell when you are coming and then we'll fill in the blank! ‘A npuay B 4ac. ‘Al opaay 8 Tpa 4aca. ‘A mpujy B Cems 4acos. ‘Al opagy 8 veToIpe saca. ©2S6O@® ‘A mpuyy B yecaTs 4acoB. ‘Now that we can get there on time, you'll want to learn the other important numbers. Notice that Russians make the word for eleven and twelve by adding one + ten—ogHH Ha JecATS = ‘OAMHHAQNATS, two + ten—TBa Ha AeCATE = ABeHAQNATL. The same is true for the numbers from thirteen to nineteen. Once again, try to repeat them aloud and then write them in the blanks provided. Number Russian Pronunciation 13 TpHHaAyaTE ee wiNAtsat" 14 4eTSIPHaqUATE ———— chiTYRnatsat’ 15 mATHATUaTE ——EE pitNAtsar’ 16 mecTHaIyaATE ee shistNAtsat’ 17 ceMBauaTe ——_—_—_——_——— simNAisat’ | 18 BocemHagqyaTb —_—_—_———. vasimNAtsat' 19 AesaTHaquaTe | divitNAtsat’ 43 The numbers for twenty, thirty, fifty, sixty, seventy and eighty are really two tens—apa AecATL =BaIWaTE, three tens—TpH ACCATL = TPHAUATE, etc. Pronunciation ——| Russian 20 apaquaTS DVAtsat’ 30 TpHauars. TRitsat’ 40 copox SOrak 50 maTEqecaT | pidiSYAT 60 mectagecaT a shizdiSYAT 70 ceMbqecaT es SYEM disit 30 BOceMBAecaT | VOsim'disit To make the numbers twenty-one, twenty-two, etc., just add the single digits from above. 21 22 23 ABAANATE OME ABAAUaTE ABA ApagwaTe TPH 24 25 26 ABAAUATE 4ETbIPe ABaqUaATS 1ATS ABaquaTS uecTL 27 28 29 Baar, ceMb ABaquaTb BOCEME ABaIUaTL eBATh Here are all of the other numbers you'll need to know to get around completely. Be sure to practice them often, until you get the hang of it. 44 Number Russian Pronunciation 0 AeBAHOCTO diviNOSta 100 cro STO 101 cTO OHH STO aDIN 110 TO ecaTh STO DYEsit’ 200 apecTH DVYESti 300 ‘pucra | TRISta 400 serbipecra | chiT¥rista 500 | nATECOT | pit SOT 600 miecTECOT shist'SOT 700 cemMBcoT sim'SOT 800 BOCeMECOT vasim'SOT 900 | AeBATRCOT | divit' SOT 1000 | Teicar4a | T¥sicha 2000 ype THicaaH | DVYE Trsichi 5000 OATb TBICAY | PYAT’ TYsich 1,000,000 MILIHOR miliON 2,000,000 Ba MILIHOHA DVA miliOna 5,000,000 DATs MHAAHOHOB PYAT’ miliOnaf 1,000,000,000 MHMapa miliART 45 Ordinal Numbers Write in the floors in the elevator by hand in the spaces provided and say them aloud. (diViAty) (diSvAry) eBsaThiit AecaTBIit ninth tenth Bb30B Crom (sid MOV @ eS (vay MOY) oa Je e age 7o 8 =. 3@ 06 on BATbIiL 3 @ @ & mectoit i) '@ @2 (TRYEW) (chitV¥ORKY) TpeTHit 4eTBépTEI hind fourth (PYERYy) (fakOY) mepspii BTOpoit first second Sometimes, especially in plane and train schedules, Russians use the 24-hour clock, so that the numbers from 13 to 24 designate the P.M. hours. One o'clock pM = Tpunaqmath 4acon. —(iriA‘sat’ chiSOF) 46 In addition to saying twelve o'clock, aBeHaqmaTb 4YacoB, Russians can say Noon Tlompenb (Potaven') or Midnight Tomo = (POLnach) Once an hour has begun, Russians look forward to the next hour, Thus 1:05 is five minutes of (CHET viet) the second hour. They also make use of these two useful quantities for a quarter: WeTBepTt, and {palaVina) a half: monopHHa. eS ® @ (PYAT) (miNUT) (fiaROvay (DYEsi¢) (miNUT) (TRYECyiv0) (CHET vir) (chit¥¥ORFava) ATS MHBYT BTOporo ReCHTS MHBYT TpeTBerO ‘aeTBEpTs YeTBEpTOrO (DiAtsat’) — (miNUT) (Para) (Vaart) (PYAT) (miNUT) (ahiSTOva) (palaVina) (sid MOva) ABaAUATh MHHYT DATOTO ABAQWATE MATH MHHYT WIECTOrO nomOBHHA Ce_AbMOTO After the half hour Russians count backwards; thus 7:35 is the eighth hour minus twenty-five minutes. @) ®) © (byez) (dvatsaTt) (pitt) (VOsim") (byez) (dvatsaTT) (DYEvit’y byer) (CHET virti) (DYEsit") Ges _BaquaTH NATH BOCeME ‘Ges ABaqMATH AeBATE Ge3 seTBepTH necaTE 47 ee (byez) (disiT1) (aD Inatsar’) (byez) (pAT) (dviNAtsas’) Ge3 fecaTH OAMHHAQHATE Ge3 nATH ABeHATNAT Can you give a set of numbers around the clock. Try to say the following times. Then answer the question, KoTopbii ceimgac 4ac? Fill in the blanks. a. 1:00 & 7:30 6. 2:05 ®. 8:35 B. 3:10 3. 9:40 re 4:15 w. 10:45 ae 5:20 ft. 11:50 e. 6:25 K. 12:55 ANSWERS OUh WLM £99 °M LLEUMIIHOI HLKDO £99 “H aLEMMTEHHHTO HidamLon £99 *H 4.Lkar HLENTeal £99 *£ | LLKAOT WALK MLeNIfeatl £59 *M «= OIOWSDO8 BHHAOIOL ‘a OIONATHAD LAHMN 460 ALeTMeat “9 OJOLIOM LAN ILEMIeat O1OLK6E aidoaioh 1 osoudgaion aknmn aumoot"a o1oaiods LAH aEKt-Q © 9eh ce omy, 48 Let’s watch Mark in the following encounter. Look over the text and then repeat the dialogue several times until you are comfortable with all the highlighted words and phrases. MARK rocnogquH MARK rocnowHH MARK rocnogqvH MARK rocnogqHH MARK rocnogwHH MARK \ iseauute, momanyicra. Excuse me. CS (kaTO) (siCHAS) oa {Koropent cellaac unc? What time is it? Yue nono. It’s already midnight. (MOzhit) (BYT) He moxer Grrr! ‘That can’t be! (SONtse) — (SWYEtit) Conuue caetut. The sun is shining. (PRAvy) mpassl. ‘You're right. Torga, yxe mongens. ‘Then, it's noon. (stUtinye) 2 Are you joking? Her. Ho mou 4acsr No. But my watch (raBOtayue) . isn’t working. (WRIST) Bei rypucr? Are you a tourist? Ta, konesno. ‘Yes, of course. (twPIr p Bei xoTwre KynuTS ‘Bo you want to buy a sacei? watch? (STOya1) (Ckonsko onn crost? How much do they cost? Y mena Tome Tonly have Tpuawate py6zeii. ‘thirty rubles. ‘1m gac! croaT ‘This watch costs ABAQUATL MATE py6.rel. twenty-five rubles! (vaz"MU) Xopomo. 1 Fine. I'll take it. 49 Can you write these phrases from the dialogue in Russian? 1, What time 2, It’s already midnight. 3. But my watch isn’t working. 4. Do you want to buy a watch? (haKOY) (siVOdnya) (YEN) KAKOHM CErOJHA TEHb? ‘What Day Is Today? (poniDYEL nik) (FTORnik) (aria) (chiWVVERK) (PYATnitsay —(suBOtay —_(vaskriS¥En'ye) HOHCACNBHHK BTOPHRK cpeja ‘weTBepr naTHAYA cyOGoTa BocKpeceHBe (siVOdmya) (u2HE) ceroqua yxe today already (ehiRa) wiscHo) Buepa emeé yesterday still (ZAFtra) (aPYaT’) 3aBTpa onAaTL tomorrow again If you want to say when (on what day) you are coming, use the preposition and the accusative case. Read the answers to the question: When do you work? Korga net paGoraete? —(togDA) (V1) (raBOrcine) ANSWERS Gi99eh ALHUAN OLNLOX 4g “fp “~LoIeLoged OH I99h HOW OF "€ =«—"AHOHVOU AMA *Z — (9Lh IEHHVD HIadoLOYy "| andere 50 I work A paGotaro on Monday B HOHEEIbHAK. (0 (paniDYEL nik) on Tuesday BO BTOpHHK. (va) (FTORnik) on Wednesday Bcpeny. ( (SRYEduy on Thursday B YeTBepr. (0) (chitWYERK) on Friday BnATHHOY. (8) (PYATnitsa) I don't work Ane paGotaro on Saturday B cy66oTy. (1) (saBOn) on Sunday B BOCKpecenbe. (v) (vaskriSYEn'ye) Can you match up the following days of the week and adverbs of time with their English equivalents? 1. cerogua @. tomorrow 2. sropHmx 6. already 3. 3apTpa B. Wednesday 4. cpena r. yesterday 5. yxe a. again 6. suepa e. Tuesday 7. onaTb é. today (RUskiye) (glaGoty) PYCCKHE IJIATOJIbI Russian Verbs You have already seen the personal pronouns for I, you, he, etc. and the conjugation of the Russian verbs for motion on foot (TH) and by vehicle (exaTs). Russian verbs belong to one of two classes or conjugations in the present tense. Look at the endings for the first conjugation. ANSWERS TZ 41°99 O'S Hh BE FT QT Buryoyeyy SI Note how the forms change according to the subject of the sentence. PRONOUN VERB VERB 1 | paééraTe (to work) 2KHTB (to live) a | paGéraro (I work) oKHBY (I live) Te | pa6éraeus (you work) oKuBéuIB (you live) ona/on pa6éraer (she/he works) saunér (she/he lives) | | MBI paGdraem (we work) oKHBEM (we live) | | ae | pasoraere (you work) supéte (you live) | onn | paGérarot (they work) BST (they live) ‘The endings vary slightly according to whether they come after a consonant or a vowel, and whether or not they are stressed. You can form lots of verbs based on the chart above. Here are just a few examples: ‘to understand ENGLISH RUSSIAN INFINITIVE CONJUGATED FORM tadyKHAT (1A) (adyKHAyad to rest OTABIXATE A OTALIXAIO (ZAFUrakar’} (TY) (2AFtrakaishy to have breakfast ‘3aBTpakaTe ‘Thi 3aBTpakaemb (aB YEdat') (NA) (aBYEdait) to have lunch/dinner oGenaT, ona o6eqaeT (ary (ON) (2NAieb | to know SHaTh On 3HaeT Wehinat’y (AY) (Uchinai to have supper yakunaTe MBI YMMHaeM (aPizeyvat ) WY) (aPMZayvaitye) to be late ona3qEisaTe ‘BbI Ona3;qbIBAETE (paniMar’y (aN) (paniMayut) nonmMate OHM NOHHM@IOT Now try your own hand in writing in the correct endings of these verbs. 1. Tunderstand. A nonmma —_____ . 2. We are resting. Mei orgpixa —_____. 3. They are breakfasting. Oun 3aptpaxa —___. 4. She is dining. Qua o6ema —____. 5. Don’t you know? Bei we 3Ha__ It’s time to stop and catch our breath. We already know a tremendous amount as the little narrative below will indicate. Just fill in the blanks with the proper verbal endings, and then try writing out a quick translation to indicate how much you've already mastered. Bepa # Auppeii xws _________ 8 Mocxee. Onn santpaka __________ 8 cemb ¥acon live breakfast ytpa. Auapeii paGora _________ » Kpeme mou eg __________ Tyga. wa Merpo. works oes there Bepa paGora __________ wa nowre H yTpoM ona Hy —_________ memKoM Ha mo4uTy. post office goes 9 foat (Ceroqua ona ona3qbipa __________ Howaeq____________ wa Taxcu. Besepom Bepa Today is late goes In the evening cupammmpa —___ , «ye Mbi yuna ______ ?» Angpeii ne xoueT yACIHaTE B asks supper want to have supper pecropane,monorsesa——— A re Say ee Ton restaurant replies know yxuHa ___, HO #1 cero BeyepoM OT;bIXa ___»», “supper rest ANSWERS Sunsau ure 7 Surwa49 stip ing “taddns Survey are nod aroya MOUY },UOp ],, ‘Soljdaa oy pur jueINeysau & UT Joddns Sany 07 1A 1,USd0p laupuy ,.gioddns cary om [lM aIOy AA, ‘SYSe eIA TuTUDAA aU UT “{XRI BUI Sap ays pur are] st ays Aepay, ‘aarjo isod ay oy syyem ays puw aa1jjo sod we SOM LIA “ONOW By] UO BAY? Sep" oY PUR UT[Wary stp UI syyom Faupuy “Sutwow oy ur YOO]9,0 UdAds I IsePyeaug I AY], “MODSOPA] UI DAI] JUPUY puT IAA UONEysUEyT, “OIRXITILLO “AMABHIDKA “OLRHE “LOBhOa.LO ‘WaeHHKA “Lovannedis: ‘Lola ‘Lovalaierno ‘19in ‘LanLognd “Love ‘Lovtoged ‘Lomyedsae “LAaiek U1 TT LOLARHE AH Tg "§ — ~LAPITQQ0 BHO "Pp “Lorenedare HHO "g “WaRXISILO MI, "J ONWWHHOU *T Squay, 53 Ha noe3je (id Orictals VF Train Service Traveling by train can be a pleasant way to travel between cities in Russia and to catch a glimpse of the countryside and the people. The overnight trains between Mocsa and Canxt-[Metep6ypr provide a reliable and comfortable opportunity to make acquaintances, avoid weather delays at airports, and get a good night’s sleep. In Moscow there are several train stations depending upon your destination. Be sure to ask from which station your train departs. The following dialogue contains important words and phrases connected with train travel. Read it aloud several times. (vagZAlye) MARK Bot Mbi Ha BOK3aNe. Here we are at the station. STEFANIE Tiana, mei ejem Ha Dad, are we riding on the (KRASnoy) (striL YE) «Kpacuoit crpene» “Red Arrow” # Cankt-Ierep6ypr? to Saint Petersburg? MARK Tia. (wo the clerk) ‘Yes. (aBRATny) (Ckonsxo crour oGparneri How much does a round-trip (iLYET) Sener 8 Merep6ypr? ticket to Petersburg cost? MEBYIUIKA Buaet 8 Markom Barone? A first class ticket? (in the soft car) (clerk) (CHETViray MARK a. Hac 4ersepo. ‘Yes. There are four of us. o4 HEBYIKA TEBYUUIKA MARK MEBYIUKA MARK QEBYUKA STEFANIE MARK (wuztinay ‘Bam nymno ofno HH (kuPYE) wea kyme. 370 Gyzer (mBLYEY) 500 nan 700 py6nei. (kuPIeavanaen) (vaGOnve) A B KynHpopanHom Barone? 350 pyGnei. (ompraVLtAitsay Korma moesa? B 23:45 tplaiFORmy) C xaxoit naatcbopmei? Tinardopma Ne 4, ‘You'll need one or two compartments. That will be 500 or 700 rubles. And ina sleeping car? 350 rubles. When does the train depart? At l1:45 pM. (23:45). From which platform? ‘Track #4. Here are your tickets. Dad, where are our places? Car 10, seats 5-8, ‘You might find yourself on all sorts of trains. The famous Trans-Siberian Railway can be the adventure of a lifetime. Traveling out to or back from a country dacha (villa) you might take an Express train (Cxopbtit noesa). For overnight trains, as Mark and his daughter, Stefanie, have just learned, there are several categories of service for comfort. In first class (MarkHii BaroH) you can have a compartment (kyne) with two very comfortable beds or with four beds. There is also the regular sleeping car (kynHpoBaHHbiii Baron). Try reading aloud the names of some of Moscow's favorite train stations. Then see if you can pair them with their English equivalents. 1. Ka3ancxnit pox3a1 a. Riga Station 2. ‘Kuescxuii Boxsa1 6. Yaroslav Station 3. Benopyccxuit sox3an B. Kazan Station 4. Paoxckmil Boxzaa r. Kiev Station 5. Apociascknii pox3an A. Byelorussian Station ANSWERS OS Ep Ie 55 EZ 8°] | suoneys ureay, Look at the following train schedule from the ApocaascKni BoK3am in Mocksa. From here trains depart across Siberia for the Far East. You can go to Mexuu (Beijing) or Baaqupocrok (Vladivostok). Notice how the information is presented. First comes the destination (myHKT wa3zna4enna), then the number and category of train (HammMeHOBaHHA, KaTeropna moe3zna), the distance in kilometers from Moscow (paccToaHHe B KM. oT Mockesi), departure time from Moscow (Bpems oTmpasienna 43 Mocxssr), time enroute to there in hours and minutes (Bpema & nyTH (Tyqa), Yacht, MEH.) OT MOCHBbI rm gies tt 08 A, Ca BP, cB BP. B. CB, BP. 6 Cb. BF 280 1510 100 ns m5 1838 138 240 ne - 120 BP 1650 | “emcancons XE 1510 | Cxeasene BB as a0 fon Can you answer a few of these questions? 1, When do the express trains leave for Beijing? 2, How many kilometers is it to Arkhangelsk? 3. Which city is closer, Gorky or Ivanovo? 4. How many hours is the quickest trip to Vladivostok? ANSWERS (Shep [Ing xis 1souNfe) SINOY Zp “P onourayE (SAN QOL) OEI'Z NV OZ:1 PUB (NY O:Z1) OF-0*T suoRsandy 56 Hl i 7 ET Toad I ee J I fl] i 7 W n Ly [] tt | a Ts | The Possessive Modifiers «oy) crvoey) (iO) ‘iYO) (NASH') (WASH) UIKH) MOH, TBOH, ero, eé, Halll, Ball, HX my your his, ber our your their On your journey you will certainly need to know how to distinguish your own belongings from those of others. Just as we use “my, your, his, her, our, their” in English, remember that Russians too have a way of expressing possession. The easiest category is the third person, “he, she and their,” for which Russians use ero, eé, Hx. This is his train and seat. 3ro ero noes H MecTO. This is her train and seat. 3ro eé moe3y H MecTO. ‘This is their train and seat. 370 mx noe3a H MecTO. The forms for ero, e@, ux remain unchanged regardless of the noun. When we want to say “my, your, or our,” the Russian word changes according to the gender of the noun. Look at the chart below. im. Sro Moi cry MOA ra3eTa MO€ IIHCLMO MOH KHHTH Bro rpoii cryn Twos razeta Ta0é nuceMo Teou KHUrH 3To | mam crys Hama razeTa Halle MHCbMO HOWM KHHTH Sro sam cry pana rasera Balle MHCBMO Bam KHHEH 58 Caroline is having some trouble with her seats on the train. Can you help her fill in the blanks? Hssnnure, noxaaylicra. Jro —__________ mecro?__________ ecra, ‘your seat Our seats nomepa 12, 13, 14, 15. Za, aro mecro, Homep 12. Her, ner, _________ Meco, my my womep 19. 3t0 __________ Meera. your Mapx, sto __________ mecro. [ye Crecbanm u Anexcangap? your 310 mecTO,#3TO __________ Meco. her his ANSWERS OJa “92 *Q08.L ‘Hid ‘90N “9ON ‘HMeH ‘omed 59 Ur Ta (STRAny) rr aoe Crpansi 1 a3bIKH (4) [ee Caria iad inner aes es Now let's examine how Russians look at the rest of the world and learn how to say the names of the different countries in Russian. First look at the map and then match the Russian names with their English counterparts. (dantiNVENty) 1) (STRAny) KoutTHuentsi 4 cTpaubli (Continents and countries (AFrikay (azyay Africa Adpuxa Asia Aana (aMYErika) (a{STRAliya) America Amepuka Australia Aserpanna (S¥Evirnaya} (aMYErika) fxiVROpa) North America Cesepnan Amepuka Europe Espona (¥UZHnaya) (aM YEcika} fafganiSTAN) South America WOxnan Amepuxa Afghanistan Acbranucran Kanata

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