PRINCIPLE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND

HEALTH

NAME SHARVARISH A/L MANIVANNAN

STUDENT’S DEM0621109
ID

BATCH 24

MARK
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH (OSH)

1. What is safety?

Absent of danger.

2. What is health?

State physically, mentally and socially well being.

3. What is accident?

An unexpected, undesired, unplanned event that occurred which resulted in deaths, injury,
property damage and other losses or combination of all.

4. What is hazard?

Anything that has potential to cause deaths, injury, harm, property and environmental
damage or poisoning and diseases.

5. How many era in the development history of OSH Act in Malaysia?

Development history of OSH Act in Malaysia has five era’s include The Era Of Boiler
Safety – Before 1914, The Era Of Machinery Safety – 1914 to 1962, The Era Of Industrial
Safety – 1953 to 1967, The Era Of Industrial Safety And Health – 1970 to 1994 and The Era
Of Occupational Safety And Health – 1994 onwards.
CHAPTER 2: OSH MANAGEMENT

1. Define management

Management is defined as the prosses of planning, leading, organizing, coordination and

control of valued-added activities in an organization ( Heizer and Render 2010,2008 ).

2. Define injury

Injury refers to the inflictions or resulting effect onto a human body resulting from an
accident. There are three main types of injury enclose with fatal injury means death or loss of
life, non-fatal injury refers to major or serious bodily injury refers to severe loss of body
functions and minor injury with no loss time. ( OSH Act, 1944 )

3. OSH management is the processes of…. :

1 . Planning for safety, health and welfare inclusive of setting OSH policies, setting OSH
objectives and targets, preparing OSH documentations and procedures and also establishing the
environmental policies, objectives and targets.

2. Leading and directing toward a safe work culture and providing directions, resources and
management support and compliance to the statutory safety and health Act and regulations and
the environmental laws. The management and staff must lead by directing and demonstrating
good work practices, developing safe work culture, adhering to OSH rules and regulations,
emphasizing good work values and taking care of safety, health and welfare of workers.

3. Organizing OSH programs through structured organizational charts with defined

responsibilities in executing OSH policies and achieving the OSH objectives and targets and also
environmental awareness programs.

4. Coordination of OSH programs, activities, training, communication, compliance, inspections,

implementations of the OSH management system and the environmental management system.
5. Control of accidents, accidents, preventions, investigation fire prevention, monitoring of
outbreak of contractual health and hazards, occupational diseases and control of outbreak of
environmental hazards.

4. List 5 OSH governing bodies you know

1. Ministry of Human Resource , Malaysia.

2. National Council for OSH.

3. Ministry of Health.

4. SIRIM , Malaysia.

5. Fire Rescue and Service Department ( BOMBA )

 CHAPTER 3: OSH LEGISLATION

1. There is 9 regulations in OSH Act 514, list 5.

1. Occupational Safety Health ( Control of Industrial Major Accidents Hazards ) Regulations

1996.

2. Occupational Safety Health ( Safety and Health Committee ) Regulations 1996.

3. Occupational Safety Health ( Safety and Health Officer ) Regulations 1997.

4. Occupational Safety Health ( Safety and Health Committee ) Order 1997.

5. Occupational Safety Health ( Prohibition of Use of Substance ) Order 1999.

2. There are 10 industries in Malaysia that has to follow OSH Act in their workplace,
list 5

1. Manufacturing.

2. Mining and Quarrying.

3. Constructions.

4. Wholesale and Retail Trades.

5. Hotels and Restaurants.

CHAPTER 4: ACCIDENTS THEORIES

1. List 5 types of accidents

1. Impact and Collisions.

2. Drowning.

3. Chemical Burns.

4. Fire and Explosion.

5. Medical Implications.

2. In improved Heinrich domino theory of accident there are 6 factors in sequence

that lead to an accident. List all 6

1. Injury.

2. Accident.

3. Unsafe act.

4. Mechanical or physical hazards.

5. Faulty of person.

6. Ancestry and social environment.

CHAPTER 5: RISK MANAGEMENT

1. There is 7 steps of risk management process. List all 7

1. Identify all routine and non-routine activities.

2. Activities involving third parties coming to the organizations.

3. Before operations.

4. During operations.

5. After operations.

6. Internal or external changes.

7. Hazard analysis.

2. There are 6 types of controls in the hierarchy of controls. List all 6

1. Eliminations.

2. Substitutions.

3. Isolations.

4. Engineering controls.

5. Administrative controls.

6. Personal protective equipment (PPE) controls.

CHAPTER 6: ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROGRAMS

1. In Malaysian OSH Act, 1994 there is 11 basic requirements to carry in OSH

management programs. Explain all 11.

1. Establishing OSH policy and objectives and include the environmental policy and
objectives.

2. Administering OSH and environmental matters by an identified department. As example,

OSH department or section.

3. OSH Audits.

4. Safety Inspections at the work place.

5. OSH promotions and environmental awareness programs.

6. OSH documentations and information.

7. OSH training and awareness programs.

8. Housekeeping programs.

9. Personal protective equipment ( PPE ) program.

10. Chemical safety programs such as handling procedures and MSDS which is material
safety data sheet program.

11. Fire safety programs.

CHAPTER 7: ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION

1. List 5 important things to do in investigation

1. Isolate the accident scene.

2. Record all evidences.

3. Photograph and videotape the scene.

4. Identify witness.

5. Interview witness.

2. Fill the table below with facts to look for in unsafe acts and unsafe work
conditions during investigation

Unsafe acts Unsafe work conditions

Operating without authority Faulty machines

Not using PPE No supervision

Drinking Alcohols Poor lighting

Lift heavy loads Polluted area

Not focus on the work Bad housekeeping

CHAPTER 8: FIRE SAFETY MANAGEMENT PROGRAM

1. Explain 5 objectives of emergency response plans

1. To control, reduce or stop the cause of the emergency.

2. To control the event or emergency so as the limit condone property damages and harm or
threat.

3. To save lives and community from serious injuries.

4. To protect the environment and environmental from the impacts or disaster.

5. To be able to recover back to normal and resume normal activities.

2. Trainings are important so that employees: (List 5)

1. Know the emergency plan and procedure.

2. Familiarize with the exit routes and doors to safety.

3. Aware of the potential threats, hazards and risk in specific operation that may cause
explosion fire or any serious emergency.

4. Ensure personal readiness towards any emergency, and their roles in an emergency.

5. Know exactly what to do and take actions.

CHAPTER 9: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND DISEASES

1. Explain types of occupational hazards

2. In identification of ergonomics hazards, there is ergonomic risk factors that can

lead to developing Cumulative trauma disorders (CTD) on employees. Name 6
factors
CHAPTER 10: ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND STANDARD

1. Explain 5 of the importance of environmental management system (EMS) in an

organization

2. List 5 major global environmental issues